负载型CuMn2O4催化剂同时去除甲苯与NOx性能及机理研究

本研究使用低温溶胶凝胶自燃法制备了不同载体负载的CuMn₂O₄/MO₂(M=Mn、Ti、Ce)催化剂,并对其同时去除甲苯和NO_x的性能进行了评价。结果表明,CeO₂载体的加入可显著缓解CuMn₂O₄上甲苯氧化与NH₃-SCR的相互抑制,因此,CuMn₂O₄/CeO₂催化剂表现出最优异的甲苯与NO_x同时去除效率。通过BET、XRD、NH₃-TPD、O₂-TPD及结合XPS与in-situ DRIFTs对催化剂的物化性质及CuMn₂O₄同时去除甲苯与NO_x的反应机理进行了分析。结果表明,CeO₂的引入提高了催化剂中Mn⁴⁺/Mnⁿ⁺的占比,促使CuMn     

硫酸钙晶须改性制备汞吸附剂的实验研究

为拓展硫酸钙晶须在环境领域的应用,尝试采用壳聚糖-己二酸复合改性剂对其进行表面改性制备汞吸附剂,探讨了溶液pH值、温度、搅拌速度、改性剂的用量等操作参数对硫酸钙晶须吸附汞(H92+)效率的影响,并结合扫描电镜、傅里叶红外、热重分析及X-射线衍射等手段对改性产物进行分析和表征.实验结果表明,壳聚糖-己二酸对硫酸钙晶须具有良好的功能化改性效果,能将晶须吸附Hg2+的效率从20;左右提高到90;以上.     

升温重结晶过程中硫酸钙晶须的形貌控制及其生长机理

利用升温重结晶过程制备硫酸钙晶须,考察了溶液pH值、升温区间、振荡速率等操作条件对晶须生成及形貌的影响,并初步探索了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、聚乙二醇(PEG6000)和乙二胺(EDA)四种表面活性剂对晶须形貌的影响.结果表明:在升温重结晶反应体系中,各操作条件均可对晶须产物的形貌和尺寸产生影响,但pH和升温区间的影响最大;SDS会显著抑制晶核形成,质量浓度为7 g/L时生成的产物形貌为均一棒状,结晶度较高.硫酸钙晶须主要以层状形貌结构生长,少部分晶须呈现类似多晶和外延生长的形貌.     

Wavelength-dependent nonlinear absorption of gold nanocages

The dipole resonances of gold nanocages were investigated theoretically using finite difference time domain method.The results show that field enhancement is obtained at the walls of the gold nanocages.It is believed that the effect can cause a strong optical nonlinear property.To test the hypothesis,nonlinear absorption was investigated using a broadband 5 ns Z scan.It was found that at low intensities the sample shows saturable absorption(SA),while at higher intensities a switch from SA to reverse SA occurs.Moreover,the nonlinear absorption of the sample is sensitively wavelength-dependent,and,in the resonant region,saturation intensity is the largest.     

The determination of the thickness and the optical dispersion property of gold film using spectroscopy of a surface plasmon in the frequency domain

We propose to use wavelength modulation approach,i.e.,the spectroscopy of a surface plasmon in the frequency domain,to characterize the optical dispersion property of gold film.Using this method,we determine the dispersion relationship of gold film in a wavelength range from 537.12 nm to 905.52 nm,and our results accord well with the reported results by other authors.This method is particularly suited for studying the optical dispersion properties of thin metal films,because a series of dielectric constants over a wide spectral range can be determined simultaneously via only a single scan of the incident angle,thereby avoiding the repeated measurements required when using the angular modulation approach.     

Determination of thickness and optical dispersion property of gold film using spectroscopy of surface plasmon in frequency domain

We propose to use wavelength modulation approach, i.e., the spectroscopy of surface plasmon in frequency domain to characterize the optical dispersion property of gold film. Using this method, we determine the dispersion relationship of gold film in a wavelength range from 537.12 nm to 905.52 nm, and our results accord well with the reported results by other authors. This method is particularly suited for studying the optical dispersion properties of thin metal films, because a series of dielectric constants over a wide spectral range can be determined simultaneously via only a single scan of the incident angle, thereby avoiding the repeated measurements required when using angular modulation approach.     

负载型钙钛矿催化氧化NO及抗SO_2性能研究

采用柠檬酸络合浸渍法制备了负载型钙钛矿氧化物La1-xCexCoO3/CeO2(x=0~0.3)催化剂,考察了不同Ce掺杂量对其催化氧化NO和抗硫性能的影响,并运用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、氮气物理吸附、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、氧气程序升温脱附(O2-TPD)等手段对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,催化剂的活性与其比表面积大小和氧化还原性质密切相关;其中,负载型钙钛矿La0.8Ce0.2CoO3/CeO2催化剂在300℃时催化氧化NO的转化率达78%。在添加CeO2作载体后,不仅改善了非负载性钙钛矿的低温活性,而且抗硫性能也显著提高。     

V2O5-Sb2O3-TiO2催化剂 低温NH3还原NO及其抗H2O和SO2毒化性能

浸渍法制备了催化剂V₂O₅-Sb₂O₃-TiO₂,考察了V₂O₅、Sb₂O₃负载量、pH值和焙烧温度对催化剂V₂O₅- Sb₂O₃-TiO₂低温氨选择性催化还原(SCR)NO活性的影响;同时,考察了催化剂V₂O₅-Sb₂O₃-TiO₂抗H₂O和SO₂毒化性能。结果表明,V₂O₅和Sb₂O₃负载量分别为5%和2%、焙烧温度为400℃、pH值为4时,催化剂SCR活性最好,反应温度220℃时,可达97%。Sb₂O₃的加入不仅能增强V₂O₅/TiO₂的催化活性,而且能明显提高催化剂的抗H₂O和SO₂毒化性能。SO₂、NO吸附暂态反应和TG-DTG测试表明,Sb₂O₃的促进机制主要是促进了催化剂在SO₂存在条件下对NO的吸附,同时,减弱了硫酸铵盐与催化剂之间的相互作用,硫酸铵盐更容易分解。