V型河谷地应力研究

介绍了河谷地应力研究现状 ,利用弹性理论和变分原理 ,研究了V型河谷岩体地应力问题 ,得到了河谷岩体中由于自重应力和构造应力引起的复杂应力场。应用本文结果 ,不仅可以方便绘制各种应力图件 ,而且可以较为精确地得到河谷区域任意指定点的应力值 ,从而为区域稳定性和岩体稳定性评价 ,为水电工程、地下硐室设计以及边坡工程等提供必要的岩体力学资料。本文方法数值实现简单 ,编程容易 ,计算快 ,精度高 ,可应用推广.     

牙齿组织光热动态特性仿真与试验研究

调制激光作用牙齿组织发生散射形成光子密度波, 而由于光热效应产生热波, 基于一维介质辐射传输漫射近似方程与一维热传导方程建立了调制激光作用牙齿组织半透明混合介质的一维热波数学模型. 利用该模型仿真分析了牙齿龋损特性参数(牙釉质龋损层光吸收系数、散射系数、热扩散系数及龋损深度)对光热辐射动态响应特性的影响与规律. 利用红外探测器(HgCdTe, 2–12 μm)记录808 nm半导体激光激发牙齿组织产生的热波信号, 由锁相放大器计算热波信号的幅值与相位. 通过频率扫描试验获得了牙齿组织的光热动态响应, 利用多参数最佳统计拟合方法得到了牙齿组织特性参数. 结果表明光热辐射测量对牙齿组织不均匀性和龋损特性均具有较高敏感性与特异性.     

离子液体在CO_2电还原反应过程中的催化作用与机理研究

在1-丁基3-甲基咪唑三氟甲基磺酸盐([Bnlim][CF_3SO_3])/碳酸丙烯酯(PC)溶液中,采用循环伏安曲线、交流阻抗谱及阻抗模拟方法,研究了CO_2在Au上发生电还原反应的速率控制步骤与离子液体的催化作用.结果表明,在CO_2电还原反应过程中,吸附态CO_2经单电子还原生成CO_2~-自由基是速率控制步骤.由于离子液体的催化作用,CO_2在[Bmim][CF_3SO_3]/PC溶液中电还原的过电位比在四丁基三氟甲基磺酸铵([Bu_4N][CF_3SO_3])/PC溶液中降低了239 mV.交流阻抗测试结果表明,离子液体中的阳离子[Bmim]~+吸附在Au电极表面,形成离子液体吸附层,吸附态的CO_2分子经单电子还原后生成CO_2~·-)自由基,与周围离子液体发生相互作用,形成中间体[Bmim-CO_2]_(ad),降低了CO_2~(·-)的能量状态,使得CO_2电还原反应的过电位大幅度降低.     

Structural Stabilities of Ordered Arrays of Nb4 Clusters on NaCI（IO0） Surface

Adsorption of ordered （2 × 2） arrays of Nb4 clusters on the insulating surface of NaCI（100） is studied by the first-principles calculations within the density functional theory. The calculations on the relaxed geometries and cohesive energies show that both the tetrahedron and quadrangle-Nb4 can be stably adsorbed on this substrate, which may have important applications. The adsorption of quadrangle-Nb4 on the NaCl（100） surface is more stable than that of tetrahedron-Nb4. Both the Nb4 clusters studied and a single Nb atom prefer the top site of the Cl atom in the NaCl（100） surface. Electronic structure analysis suggests that the interactions between the Nb4 clusters and the substrate are weak.     

一类具有到达损失、可选服务、反馈的M/G/1重试排队系统

考虑一个具有到达损失、可选服务、反馈的M/G/1重试排队系统.在假定重试区域中顾客具有相互独立的指数重试时间的情况下,得到了系统的转移概率矩阵和系统稳态的充分必要条件.列出微分方程,求得稳态时系统队长和重试区域中队长分布及相关指标.     

Tuning of the periodicity of stable self-organized metallic templates

The atomic and electronic structures of Pb bilayer/Pt(111) are investigated with two theoretical calculations.We find that the stable (2 × 2)/(3 × 3) Pb/Pt(111) structure is a promising candidate for being used as a template with self-organized ordered Pb semi-cluster array on the first Pb monolayer.This stable structure can realize the ordered Au single-atom array around the Pb semi-clusters that can cause selective adsorption of noble atoms.The size of Pb magic number semi-cluster plays a more important role in determining the periodicity of the template than the lattice constant misfit between the substrate and the overlayer.This leads to quite a different periodicity between the two stable templates,which are (2 × 2)/(3 × 3) Pb/Pt(111) and Pb/Cu(111).Therefore,by considering the size of the stable semi-clusters and carefully selecting different substrate materials,we can tune the density of Pb semi-clusters as the nucleation points and then tune the periodicity of the stable template.     

Molecular dynamics simulation of structural change at metal/semiconductor interface induced by nanoindenter

The structures of the Si/Cu heterogenous interface impacted by a nanoindenter with different incident angles and depths are investigated in detail using molecular dynamics simulation.The simulation results suggest that for certain incident angles,the nanoindenter with increasing depth can firstly increase the stress of each atom at the interface and it then introduces more serious structural deformation of the Si/Cu heterogenous interface.A nanoindenter with increasing incident angle(absolute value) can increase the length of the Si or Cu extended atom layer.It is worth mentioning that when the incident angle of the nanoindenter is between-45° and 45°,these Si or Cu atoms near the nanoindenter reach a stable state,which has a lower stress and a shorter length of the Si or Cu extended atom layer than those of the other incident angles.This may give a direction to the planarizing process of very large scale integration circuits manufacture.     

Sr3SiO5降温过程分解及对制备Sr3SiO5∶Eu2+的影响

采用高温固相反应法制备Sr3SiO5∶Eu2+时,往往有Sr2SiO4∶Eu2+共存,从而影响Sr3SiO5∶Eu2+的发光性能。本文采用DSC/TG、淬冷法结合XRD,研究了Sr3SiO5∶Eu2+在降温过程中的分解反应。结果表明,Sr3SiO5是在1 250℃以上稳定存在的化合物,在降温过程中Sr3SiO5在1 250℃分解为Sr2SiO4和SrO。采用快速降温的方法可以抑制Sr3SiO5的分解。当降温速率小于10℃.min-1时,Sr3SiO5全部分解为Sr2SiO4和SrO;当降温速率为15℃.min-1时,样品主要物相为Sr3SiO5,但有少部分Sr3SiO5发生分解,当降温速率增大到20℃.min-1时,Sr3SiO5分解的量更少,即随着降温速率增大,Sr3SiO5分解的量减小,从而获得几近纯相的Sr3SiO5∶Eu2+荧光粉。     

抗杀鲑气单胞菌抗原的单克隆抗体的制备及初步应用

杀鲑气单胞菌（Aeromonas salmonicida）是鲑类疑难细菌性肾脏病原菌之一。用该菌免疫BALB/c鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/O骨髓瘤细胞融合。酶联免疫吸附分析法（ELISA）及萤光抗体法（FAT）筛选所需单克隆抗体。有限稀释法克隆化建立了一株抗杀鲑气单胞菌抗原的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株