背景气体对激光等离子体和外磁场界面上槽纹不稳定性的影响

等离子体在外磁场中膨胀产生的抗磁腔和不稳定性是空间物理和聚变物理中的重要现象.本文实验研究了激光产生的等离子体在外磁场中膨胀时在抗磁腔表面产生的槽纹不稳定性,数据分析显示实验中观察到的不稳定性属于大拉莫尔半径槽纹不稳定性.实验发现充入稀薄背景气体能够显著抑制槽纹不稳定性的发展,背景气体气压超过50 Pa时(约为抗磁腔表面等离子体密度的1%),槽纹不稳定性几乎被完全抑制.动理学分析表明离子-离子碰撞是抑制不稳定性发展的主要因素.这些结果对磁场辅助激光聚变和爆炸空间物理现象等领域有重要参考价值.     

利用NMR技术判识混油钻井液条件下钻遇的油层

混油钻井液对色谱、光谱录井技术发现和评价油气层带来了严重影响.为了准确识别和定量评价混油钻井液条件下所钻遇的油层,创新采用高分辨率核磁共振录井技术随钻检测钻井液T2谱及其含油率的变化.不同油品在钻井液中的混合实验结果表明,混油钻井液为水包油乳液,两种不同的油品在钻井液中难以混合,在T2谱上呈现相互独立的峰,据此可以直观、准确地识别所钻遇的油层;并可根据归一法、外标法定量评价钻井液中的地层油含油率.经现场应用,取得了与室内实验相一致的效果,证明了该项技术的有效性.     

Crystal Structure of Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)nickel (Ⅱ) Tetrachlorozincate

A bimetallic complex Ni[C10H8N2]3[ZnCl4] has been synthesized and its crystal structure determined at room temperature. The complex crystallizes in the trigonal system, space group R3c, with a = 13.343(2), b = 13.343(2), c =58. 932(12) A, V= 9087(3) A 3, Z = 12, NiZnC30N6CI14H24, Mr=734.30, Dc=1.611 g/cm3, μ= 1. 799 mm-1, F(000)=4464. Least-squares refinement of the structure leads to the agreement factors R1=0. 0278 and wR2=0. 0741 for the observable reflections. The complex consists of discrete tris (2, 2'-bipyridine) nickel (Ⅱ)cation, [Ni-(bipy)3]2+, and tetrachlorozincate anion, [ZnCl4]2-. Each nickel (Ⅱ)atom is six coordinated in an octahedron with six nitrogen atoms of three 2,2'-bipyridine ligands. The mean Ni(Ⅱ)-N bond length is 2. 089(2) A. The zinc(Ⅱ) atom is coordinated with four chloride atoms in tetrahedral geometry. The mean Zn (Ⅱ)- Cl bond length is 2. 264(1) A.     

Collision site effect on the radiation dynamics of cytosine induced by proton

By combing the time-dependent density functional calculations for electrons with molecular dynamics simulations for ions (TDDFT-MD) nonadiabatically in real time, we investigate the microscopic mechanism of collisions between cytosine and low-energy protons with incident energy ranging from 150 eV to 1000 eV. To explore the effects of the collision site and the proton incident energy on irradiation processes of cytosine, two collision sites are specially considered, which are N and O both acting as the proton receptors when forming hydrogen bonds with guanine. Not only the energy loss and the scattering angle of the projectile but also the electronic and ionic degrees of freedom of the target are identified. It is found that the energy loss of proton increases linearly with the increase of the incident energy in both situations, which are 14.2% and 21.1% of the incident energy respectively. However, the scattering angles show different behaviors in these two situations when the incident kinetic energy increases. When proton collides with O, the scattering angle of proton is larger and the energy lost is more, while proton captures less electrons from O. The calculated fragment mass distribution shows the high counts of the fragment mass of 1, implying the production of H⁺ fragment ion from cytosine even for proton with the incident energy lower than keV. Furthermore, the calculated results show that N on cytosine is easier to be combined with low-energy protons to form NH bonds than O.     

粒子物理学与暴胀宇宙学(下)

量子涨落 根据量子场论,空虚的空间并不完全是空的.它充满着所有类型的物理场的量子涨落,这些涨落可视为具有各种可能波长的、沿各个可能方向运动的物理场的波动.如果这些场的值在某一宏观足够大的时间内的平均值为零,那么,充满着这些场的空间对我们来说就是空的,并将它称为真空. 在作指数膨胀的宇宙中,真空的构造要复杂得多.标量场　的所有真空涨落的波长随宇宙的膨胀而作指数增长.当某一涨落的波长变得大于H～(-1)时,由于场　的运动方程中大的摩擦项3H,使这一涨落停止传播,它的振幅被冻结在某一非零值初…)处哈勃常数的倒数近似于宇宙年…     

不同掺杂的钇系-123薄膜磁通特性

我们在磁场中分别测量了最佳掺杂的YBa2Cu3O7-δ、钙0.2掺杂的Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ及钙0.5掺杂的Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ薄膜的电阻温度关系.利用最近Zhang et al. [Phys. Rev. B 71(2005), 052502 ]提出的热激活能的分析方法对薄膜的磁通特性进行了分析、比较与讨论.     

柚子型微结构光纤Bragg光栅温度和应变传感特性研究

通过对柚子型微结构光纤Bragg光栅的多个反射峰的温度和应变传感特性进行的理论和实验 研究，得出柚子型微结构光纤Bragg光栅的反射波长与温度呈二次关系，且理论和实验二者 吻合较好; 同时发现每个反射峰的温度灵敏度不同.理论分析柚子型微结构光纤Bragg光栅的 反射波长与应变呈线性关系，实验得到了该种Bragg光栅的反射波长与应变的线性关系，实 验结果与理论分析相吻合.由于微结构光纤光栅反射谱中多个峰对温度和应变等物理量敏感 度不一致，这种Bragg光栅更适合应用到多参量传感领域. 关键词： 微结构光纤 光纤Bragg光栅 温度传感 应变传感     

湖南省各市州经济发展水平评价

本文利用主成分分析法分析了湖南各市州的经济发展水平和经济综合实力,对湖南省14个市州的经济发展情况做出综合评价,得出了各市州在湖南省的经济地位.最后用系统聚类分析法进行了验证,结果表明用多元统计分析法来评价地区经济发展水平是可行的.     

运用方程根的定义解题例谈

灵活运用方程根的定义解题,常能化繁为简、化难为易,收到事半功倍的效果. 一、正用方程根的定义若x1、x2是方程ax2 bx c=0(a≠0)的两根,则有ax21 bx1 c=0,ax22 bx2 c=0. 例1 已知x1、x2是方程x2 3x-√5=0的两根,求x21-x22 4x1-2x2的值. 分析用求根公式解出两根,再代入求值     

用构造法求代数式的值

求代数式值是初中代数的重要内容,也是数学竞赛中的常见题型.这类题涉及的知识面很广,有些题难度较大,不易直接求解,需要打破常规,树立“求异”思想,广开思维渠道,从不同的角度去分析探索,而构造法就是一种重要而灵活的思维方式,是最富活力的数学转化方法之一,如果恰当地运用,可以另辟蹊径,难题巧解,同时有利于发展同学们的思维品质和探索创新能力.下面通过具体的实例来说明构造法在求代数式值中的应用.