反转岛附近原子核奇特性质研究进展

反转岛附近原子核奇特性质的研究是当前核物理研究的热点。 首先简要回顾和介绍了反转岛附近原子核奇特性质的实验进展, 然后介绍了对这些奇特核性质的理论研究进展。 主要包括相对论平均场模型、 壳模型、 Hartree Fock模型和宏观 微观模型在该区域的发展和研究结果。 重点介绍了宏观 微观模型在反转岛附近原子核奇特性质研究中的进展。 此外, 还分析和比较了各种理论模型在描述反转岛附近原子核性质上取得的成功和模型之间的差异。     

单分散BaFe12-xCuxO19纳米颗粒磁性能及穆斯堡尔谱分析

采用水热法制备BaFe12-xCuxO19(x=0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8)钡铁氧体,探讨Cu2掺杂量对纳米BaFe12O19微观结构以及磁性能的影响.穆斯堡尔光谱分析结果显示,Cu2可以定量可控的掺入到BaFe12O19的晶格中.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对不同掺杂量的样品进行表征,结果表明,800 ℃热处理可以明显提高BaFe12O19纳米颗粒的结晶性,并随着Cu2掺入量的增多BaFe12O19的晶粒尺寸逐渐增大.从磁测量分析结果可以得知,适当掺入Cu2可以降低BaFe12O19的矫顽力与饱和磁化强度,使得BaFe12O19纳米颗粒开始从硬磁性能向软磁性能转变.     

空气下无配体钯催化二苯胺和卤代芳烃的C—N偶联

研究了空气下无配体Pd(OAc)2在弱碱碳酸钾存在下催化二苯胺和溴代芳烃的C—N偶联合成三苯胺类化合物.与传统合成方法相比,该反应可以在无配体存在下在空气和温和的条件下进行,即,无需无水无氧操作条件,操作特别方便.催化剂用量、碱、溶剂、反应温度、反应时间等因素对反应的影响均做了考察.优化的反应条件是:在Pd(OAc)2(3 mol%)和K2CO3(1.5 equiv.)存在下,二苯胺和溴代芳烃在DMSO中在空气下在90℃加热24 h.溴代芳烃上的吸电子基团和二苯胺上的给电子基团有利于该偶联反应的进行,其中4-硝基三苯胺的产率高达93%.     

石灰膨胀土团聚体微结构的扫描电镜分析

石灰改良土为团聚体骨架结构,骨架是由团聚体构成,孔隙是由团聚体间的孔隙和团聚体内部微孔隙组成,粒间孔包括胶结物孔隙和压实时团聚体之间形成的孔隙。实验证明团聚体越小越有利于石灰与土的结合,微结构为链状结构;石灰掺量主要影响团聚体的表面微结构。在饱和状态时,钙离子浸入团聚体的内部,团聚体的内层也出现与外层类似结构。相同石灰掺量的样品,饱和状态和非饱和状态时钙的重量相对含量的分布有不同,非饱和状态时表面的钙相对较多,越往内部越少,内外差异很大;而饱和状态时,外层的钙比内层稍多,内外差异较小,团聚体内部形成较大的微集聚体。     

Production rates of cosmogenic nuclei on the lunar surface

A physical model for Geant4-based simulation of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) particles' interaction with the lunar surface matter has been developed to investigate the production rates of cosmogenic nuclei. In this model the GCRs, mainly very high energy protons and α particles, bombard the surface of the Moon and produce many secondary particles, such as protons and neutrons. The energies of protons and neutrons at different depths are recorded and saved as ROOT files, and the analytical expressions for the differential proton and neutron fluxes are obtained through the best-fit procedure using ROOT software. To test the validity of this model, we calculate the production rates of the long-lived nuclei ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al in the Apollo 15 long drill core by combining the above differential fluxes and the newly evaluated spallation reaction cross sections. Our numerical results show that the theoretical production rates agree quite well with the measured data, which means that this model works well. Therefore, it can be expected that this model can be used to investigate the cosmogenic nuclei in future lunar samples returned by the Chinese lunar exploration program and can be extended to study other objects, such as meteorites and the Earth's atmosphere.     

硒-甲基硒代半胱氨酸的合成与拆分研究

天然硒-甲基硒代半胱氨酸为L型含硒氨基酸,是第21种人体必须氨基酸———硒代半胱氨酸的甲基化衍生物。1960年首次由Trelease S·F·等从美国黄芪中分离得到[1],它还广泛存在于大蒜、洋葱和椰菜等植物以及富硒酵母中。硒-甲基硒代半胱氨酸具有补硒、防治癌症、抗氧化、抗衰老、     

调控微波等离子体能量进行药片活性分子结构的质谱分析

采用微波等离子体质谱(MPT-MS)技术,对替硝唑和马来酸氯苯那敏药片进行快速质谱分析.通过调控等离子体能量,在一级谱图中可得到目标物的准分子离子及丰富的碎片离子,这些碎片离子与其对应串联质谱数据基本一致,甚至更加丰富;结合标准品比对分析,最终确定这些碎片离子来自目标物而非基质.因此,MPT兼具硬电离和软电离性质,采用MPT-MS技术从一级质谱图中获得的数据可对药片中活性分子的结构进行鉴定.该方法具有快速、准确及环保等特点,在发展MPT与简单的质量分析器联用,实现质谱仪的小型化等方面有广阔的应用前景.     

固体填料对聚乙二醇结晶性的影响

采用DSC、WAXD技术研究了固体填料 (Al粉、奥克托金 (HMX)、高氯酸铵 (AP) )对聚乙二醇结晶性的影响 .Al粉及HMX不影响混合物中PEG的结晶度及晶体结构 ,高氯酸铵与PEG之间存在较强的相互作用 ,降低了混合物中PEG的结晶度 .某些金属盐也与PEG之间存在类似的相互作用 ,这种相互作用以金属盐溶于PEG熔体为前提 .高氯酸铵及金属盐导致PEG结晶度的降低是由于其阳离子与PEG分子链中的氧原子形成了络合物 ,增强了二者之间的相互作用 .     

Bipartite Entanglement Dynamics in Three Qubits System with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction

We investigate the bipartite entanglement dynamics of the system composed by three qubits A, B, and C. There is no interaction between A and B, and that of C and B is Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya （DM） spin-orbit interaction. We find that the purity of qubits A and B and the initial state of the qubit C are the two effective parameters to control the entanglement dynamics of the bipartite subsystems. This study sheds some lights on the control of quantum entanglement, which would be helpful for quantum information processing.     

β~--Decay Half-Lives for Waiting Point Nuclei Around N=126

We have systematically analyzed the experimental β--decay half-lives of waiting point heavy nuclei around neutron number N = 126. A new set of parameters for the exponential formula of β~--decay half-lives is proposed. The forbidden transition effects are included in the new set of parameters self-consistently. Theoretical β~--decay half-lives of nuclei around N = 126 are compared with recent theoretical results and experimental data. It is found that the new theoretical results are in better agreement with experimental data. The unknown β~--decay half-lives of some nuclei in this region are predicted for studies on nuclear structure far from stability and the nucleosynthesis in stars.