Analysis of asymmetry of the Dαemission spectra under the Zeeman effect in boundary region for D-D experiment on EAST tokamak

In 2015 campaign,deuterium atomic emission spectra(D_α)under the Zeeman effect in boundary region had been measured by a high resolution optical spectroscopic multichannel analysis(OSMA)system based on passive spectroscopy during the deuterium plasma discharge on EAST tokamak,and part of the works about the Zeeman effect on D_αspectra had already been done.However,the asymmetric phenomena of D_αemission spectra under the Zeeman effect were observed in process of analyzing the spectral data.To understand the asymmetric phenomena and acquire the useful local plasma information,an algorithm was proposed and used to analyze the asymmetry of the emission spectra under the Zeeman effect with all polarization components(πand±σ).In the algorithm,the neutral atoms were considered to follow the Maxwell distribution on EAST,and I+σ=I-σwas considered and set.Because of the line-averaged spectra along the viewing chord,the emission spectra were considered from two different regions:low-field side(LFS)and high-field side(HFS).Each spectral line was classified into three energy categories(the cold,warm,and hot)based on different atomic production processes in boundary recycling.The viewing angleθ(between the magnetic field B and the viewing chord),magnetic field B at two spectral emission positions(HFS and LFS)and the Doppler shift of all three energy categories of each spectral line were all considered in the algorithm.The effect of instrument function was also included here.The information of the boundary plasma were acquired,the reason for the asymmetric phenomena was discussed,and the boundary recycling during the discharge were studied in the paper.Based on fitting a statistical data of acquired fitting results,an important conclusion was acquired that the ratio of the spectral line intensity in HFS and LFS was proportional to the square of that of the corresponding magnetic field.     

EAST快速极紫外光谱仪波长的原位标定及其应用

介绍了东方超环(experimental advanced supereonducting tokamak, EAST)托卡马克上的两套快速极紫外（EUV）光谱仪系统波长的原位标定方法、结果及其应用。这两套谱仪均为掠入射平场谱仪，时间分辨均为5 ms·frame-1。两套谱仪分别工作在20～500和10～130 Å的波段范围，由步进电机控制探测器在焦平面上移动实现整个观测波段上的波长扫描。利用这两套谱仪系统观测极紫外波段光谱，计算EAST中低-高Z杂质离子特征线辐射强度随时间的演化，监测和研究等离子体中杂质的行为。高Z杂质尤其是钨、钼等金属元素，发出的EUV波段光谱的构成非常复杂，准确识谱对谱仪精确的波长测量能力以及谱分辨能力要求很高，因此精确的波长标定是识别钨、钼等高Z杂质谱线以及研究它们行为的最关键的技术之一。利用EAST等离子体中类氢到类铍的低、中Z杂质的特征谱线以及它们的二阶甚至三阶谱线，结合谱仪系统的色散能力，对这两套快速极紫外光谱仪的波长进行了精确的原位标定。用于波长标定的杂质谱线有O Ⅷ 18.97 Å，O Ⅶ 21.60 Å，C Ⅵ 33.73 Å，Li Ⅲ 113.9 Å，Li Ⅲ 135.0 Å，Li Ⅱ 199.28 Å，Ar ⅩⅤ 221.15 Å，He Ⅱ 256.317 Å，He Ⅱ 303.78 Å，Ar ⅩⅥ 353.853 Å及C Ⅳ 384.174 Å等。利用波长标定的结果对观测到的EUV光谱进行谱线识别，两套谱仪观测到的绝大多数谱线波长与美国技术标准局(National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST)数据库的标准波长相差分别小于0.08和0.03 Å。开发了谱仪波长原位标定程序模块，将这个模块内嵌到谱仪数据实时上传的交互式软件中，实现了全谱数据以及特征谱线强度随时间演化数据的实时处理和上传。同时利用开发的全谱分析交互式软件以及EAST上的数据查看软件，最终实现了快速EUV谱仪自采数据的准实时分析、读取和查看。     

利用可见轫致辐射计算EAST有效电荷数

利用弦积分的可见轫致辐射计算了先进实验超导托卡马克(EAST)的有效电荷数。对比分析EAST硼化前后的杂质含量,硼化后有效电荷数减小约40%,碳杂质含量减小约50%。统计分析了2009年EAST春季实验的有效放电,显示有效电荷数与碳杂质线辐射量存在很强的线性关系,得到的拟合系数是3.4~5.8,与等离子体电流和低杂波辅助加热功率都有明确的依赖关系。利用近紫外可见波段全谱对主要杂质的含量进行比较后显示,碳是最主要的杂质,大于其它轻杂质含量。同时,还介绍了新建成的多道轫致辐射诊断系统。     

光谱法测HT-7托卡马克诊断中性束的束成分

 实验测量了诊断中性束(DNB)中H0的4种主要能量成分(全能量，半能量，1/3能量，1/18能量)，运用光谱法来分析中性束的束成分所占百分数。根据多普勒效应，中性束中的氢粒子发出的Ha波长偏离本底的Ha波长，波长偏移量与氢粒子的能量相关，从而在光谱仪上得到多峰Ha谱线。通过编写程序并以此对实验的原始谱线进行了初步和精确拟合，最终准确有效地分析出中性束的束成分和束能量。实验测得DNB束流的中性氢粒子的全能量、半能量、1/3能量和1/18能量4种成分分别占15%,42%,35%,8%。     

极紫外波段Ar光谱分析在EAST偏滤器杂质屏蔽效应研究中的应用

在托卡马克偏滤器区域充入杂质气体是检验偏滤器杂质屏蔽效应的重要手段。利用快速极紫外EUV光谱仪对EAST托克马克装置上开展的偏滤器Ar杂质注入实验进行观测。结合NIST原子光谱数据库对2～50 nm范围内不同电离态Ar的线光谱进行了谱线识别,识别出Ar Ⅳ,Ar Ⅸ-Ⅺ,Ar ⅩⅣ-ⅩⅥ等若干个电离态的谱线。为了同时观测等离子体不同区域的Ar杂质行为,在杂质注入实验时重点监测Ar ⅩⅥ35.39 nm(Ar ⅩⅥ电离能918.4 eV,主要分布在等离子体芯部)和Ar Ⅳ44.22 nm(Ar Ⅳ电离能9.6 eV,主要分布在等离子体边界)这两条谱线。利用该两条谱线强度随时间演化的结果初步分析了偏滤器杂质屏蔽效应。在同一充气口不同等离子体位形下的实验结果表明偏滤器对于从偏滤器区域注入Ar杂质的屏蔽效果优于从主等离子体区域注入,并且下偏滤器及内冷泵的综合粒子排除能力优于上偏滤器。     

Experimental characteristics of a lower hybrid wave multi-junction coupler in the HT-7 tokamak

A phase-controlled lower hybrid wave (LHW) multi-junction (MJ) coupler (3(rows)×(columns)× (subwaveguides)) has been developed in the HT-7 tokamak. Simulations show that it is more effective for driving plasma current than an ordinary phase-controlled LHW antenna (3(rows)×12(columns)) (traditional coupler). The plasma--wave coupling experiments show that the reflection coefficient (RC) is below 10%, implying that the MJ grill can launch the wave into the plasma effectively. The effect of power spectrum launched by the MJ coupler on RC indicates that an optimal condition is requisite for a better coupling in the lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) experiments. Studies indicate that the drive efficiency of the MJ antenna is higher than that of the traditional one, which is mainly ascribed to the discrepancy in impurity concentration, plasma temperature, and spectrum directivity. An improved confinement with an electron internal transport barrier is obtained by LHCD. The analysis shows that the modified negative (low) magnetic shear and the change of radial electric field profile due to LHCD are possible factors responsible for the eITB formation.     

托卡马克等离子体被动光谱诊断的绝对标定

综述了托卡马克装置几套常规被动光谱诊断的绝对标定方法以及利用基于碰撞辐射模型的原子数据库诊断出粒子密度以及通量等物理量的方法。其中诊断系统包括可见波段具有高时空分辨的光电二极管阵列、具有高时间分辨的光电倍增管,具有二维空间分辨的高速相机,具有时空分辨和高谱分辨的光谱仪;极紫外波段具有时空分辨的光谱仪等。     

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介绍了一种通过线积分测量数据来快速重建等离子体参数的算法。该算法基于Radon反演定理,通过级数展开与最小二乘原理的方法来得到等离子体参数在托卡马克小圆截面上的Radon变换,最后由Radon逆变换公式给出等离子体参数的空间分布。应用这种算法研究了HT-7装置交流放电实验的软X射线在电流正负半周期空间分布的非对称性现象。     

用于托卡马克装置的中性氢密度绝对测量的激光共振荧光散射仪

本文描述了一种新的高温等离子体的诊断方法。即用激光共振荧光法测量托卡马克高温等离子体中的中性氢密度。整个测量系统用瑞利散射进行绝对定标。文章具体描述了HT-6B托卡马克装置上的共振荧光散射仪及其中性氢密度的测量结果。     

EAST运动斯塔克效应诊断数据处理中GPU并行化加速算法的研究

在EAST装置单道运动斯塔克效应(MSE)诊断系统数据处理中，采用CPU(中央处理器)+GPU(图形处理器)异构化模型，实现了数字谐波分析(DHA)算法的并行化加速计算。由CPU完成数据的加载及简单的数学计算，由GPU实现DHA算法的傅里叶正、逆变换及滤波等并行化计算，与串行算法相比，获得了2000倍以上的加速，可以满足MSE诊断实验期间及时数据处理的要求。