稀土掺杂锰氧化物庞磁电阻效应

过去十多年来，具有庞磁电阻效应的稀土掺杂锰氧化物成为了凝聚态物理研究的重要领域。锰氧化物的载流子自旋极化率高，且在居里温度附近表现出很大的磁电阻效应，因此在自旋电子学中有潜在的应用前景。另一方面，锰氧化物是典型的强关联电子体系，它对目前有关强关联体系的认识提出了很大挑战。本文综述了锰氧化物的各种性质及其物理原因。全文首先概述了锰氧化物的庞磁电阻效应及其晶格和电子结构，简单介绍了其他一些庞磁电阻材料；随后综述了锰氧化物的电荷／轨道有序相及其输运性质；在第四部分简单介绍了锰氧化物中庞磁电阻效应的机制；最后讨论了锰氧化物的一些可能的应用，如低场磁电阻效应、磁隧道结、磁p-n结以及全钙钛矿的场效应管和自旋极化电子注入装置等。     

非晶态Cu12.5Ni10Zr41Ti14Be22.5合金相分离的动力学标度

利用实时小角中子散射实验研究了非晶态Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Zr₄₁Ti₁₄Be_22.5合金相分离的动力学标度性质．通过对相分离过程中实时小角中子散射谱进行详细的标度分析，揭示出散射函数S（q，t）（q为散射波矢，t为时间）在相分离的早期即达到动力学标度态，从而证明动力学标度假设也适用于描述深过冷液态的相分离过程 关键词：     

Magnetoelectric Coupling Induced Electric Dipole Glass State in Heisenberg Spin Glass

Multiferroic behavior in an isotropic Heisenberg spin glass with Gaussian random fields, incorporated by magneto-electric coupling derived from the Landau symmetry argument, are investigated. Electric dipole glass transitions at finite temperature, due to coupling, are demonstrated by Monte Carlo simulation. This electric dipole glass state is solely ascribed to the coupling term with chiral symmetry of the magnetization, while the term associated with the spatial derivative of the squared magnetization has no contribution.     

Sr-doping effects on conductivity,charge transport,and ferroelectricity of Ba0.7La0.3TiO3 epitaxial thin films

Sr-doped Ba_0.7La_0.3TiO₃(BSLTO)thin films are deposited by pulsed laser deposition,and their microstructure,conductivity,carrier transport mechanism,and ferroelectricity are systematically investigated.The x-ray diffraction measurements demonstrate that Sr-doping reduces the lattice constant of BSLTO thin films,resulting in the enhanced phonon energy in the films as evidenced by the Raman measurements.Resistivity-temperature and Hall effect measurements demonstrate that Sr can gradually reduce electrical resistivity while the electron concentration remains almost unchanged at high temperatures.For the films with semiconducting behavior,the charge transport model transforms from variable range hopping to small polaron hopping as the measurement temperature increases.The metalic conductive behaviors in the films with Sr=0.30,0.40 conform to thermal phonon scattering mode.The difference in charge transport behavior dependent on the A-site cation doping,is clarified.It is revealed that the increasing of phonon energy by Sr doping is responsible for lower activation energy of small polaron hopping,higher carrier mobility,and lower electrical resistivity.Interestingly,the piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM)results demonstrate that all the BSLTO films can exhibit ferroelectricity,especially for the room temperature metallic conduction film with Sr=0.40.These results imply that Sr-doping could be a potential way to explore ferroelectric metal materials for other perovskite oxides.     

多铁性十年回眸

多铁性研究可上溯至1950年代,作为凝聚态与材料物理的一个研究方向也算历史悠久;但大规模研究则主要受2003年两项里程碑性成果驱动,距今正好十年。所谓"十年树木",古训赋予我们回眸十年多铁研究的一个理由。这两项成果之一是BiFeO3外延薄膜制备及磁电耦合观测,主要贡献在于将互无交叠的磁电耦合唯象理论与多铁性微观物理框架通过铁性畴层次有机结合,触发多铁性薄膜与异质结的广泛研究。另一项成果是发现TbMnO3中巨大的磁电耦合效应,开启探索一大类具有崭新物理内涵的多铁性物质之路。对多铁性薄膜异质结的研究深入细致,体现了层层盘剥、细嚼慢咽的风格。而单相多铁性的探索则百花齐放、只争朝夕。前者如能工巧匠,其足迹是精湛研究技术方法与物理理论相结合的图画。后者如春潮奔腾,所到之处气象万千,其大观是科学发现与新材料探索的范例。文章基于粗略框架,对多铁性研究十年图景粗作描绘。有关多铁性各方面的详细论述则见诸本专题之隽文秀语。多铁性研究经历分而春秋的黄金十年,正出现久分必合的迹象,令人不忍释手。     

Ferrimagnetism and abnormal spin lattice coupling in dilute magnetic ferroelectric (Bi0.46 Na0.46 Ba0.08)TiO3:Co

We have investigated the low-temperature magnetism and spin-lattice coupling in (Bi 0.46 Na 0.46 Ba 0.08)TiO 3:Co in order to understand the magnetoelectric effect in such artificially synthesized dilute magnetic ferroelectrics.It is revealed that the as-prepared (Bi 0.46 Na 0.46 Ba 0.08)TiO 3:Co at Co content of 20%～30% exhibits fascinating ferrimagnetism which is robust against magnetic field,the abnormal spin-lattice coupling characterized by a negative magnetostriction effect;and the suppressed magnetic moment within the temperature range of 30 K～50 K is identified.These magnetic behaviours at low temperatures can be explained by the competition between the ferrimagnetic response and the magnetic moment suppression induced by the abnormal spin-lattice coupling effect.Finally,the ferroelectric and magnetodielectric properties are also discussed.     

Electronic and magnetic properties of BiFeO_3 with intrinsic defects:First-principles prediction

The electronic structure, magnetism, and dielectric functions of BiFeO3 with intrinsic vacancies, including Bi-, Fe-, and O-vacancies （denoted as VFe, VBi, and Vo, respectively） are investigated using the first-principles density functional theory plus U calculations. It is revealed that the structural distortions associated with those vacancies impose significant influences on the total density of state and magnetic behaviors. The existence of VBi favors the excitation of the O2p state into the band gap at 0.4 eV, while the O2p and Fe3d orbitals are co-excited into the band gap around 0.45 eV in VFe- Consequently, a giant net magnetic moment of 1.96 P-B is generated in VFe, and a relatively small moment of 0.13 P-B is induced in VBi, whereas Vo seems magnetically inactive. The giant magnetic moment generated in VFe originates from the suppression of the spatially modulated antiferromagnetic spin structure. Furthermore, VFe and VBi have strong influences on dielectric function, and induce some strong peaks to occur in the lower energy level. In contrast, VO has a small effect.     

以“电磁学”为例谈专业课程思政成为滋润学生成长沃土

本文以“电磁学”课程为例,讨论了做好课程建设,把唯物主义、从实践中来到实践中去、实事求是等思政元素融入专业课程教学的方法,把“三个面向”植入学生心田,使之在不知不觉中生根发芽,推进课程育人.     

铁电磁体Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3相变特征

借助与示差扫描量热法、磁化率测量、电子自旋共振、铁电与介电性质测量及电子衍射系统地研究了Pb(Fe_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃(PFN)的电、磁性质和相变特征．结果表明发生在380K附近的顺电－铁电转变和发生在145K附近的顺磁 反铁磁转变分别为一级相变和二级相变或弱一级相变．在室温下,PFN的剩余极化与矫顽场分别为11.5μC/cm²和3.04kV/cm.介电测量表明PFN的顺电-铁电相变为弥散型相变．其弥散指数为1.62.电子衍射表明Fe³⁺与Nb⁵⁺离子在B位置上是无序分布的,正是这种与无序分布相关联的成分涨落导致铁电相变的弥散性. 关键词：