新型半导体可见光催化剂纳米锰酸钇

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶法制备了锰酸钇(YMnO3)纳米颗粒,并运用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和紫外可见漫反射光谱对样品进行了表征.结果表明,制得的YMnO3纳米晶主要为六方钙钛矿结构,兼有少许的正交钙钛矿结构,且颗粒粒度均匀、形貌规整、呈类球形,平均颗粒尺寸约为45 nm.另外,测得YMnO3纳米颗粒的光学带隙值为1.31 eV...     

粒径可控的纳米铁酸铋的制备及其光催化性能

采用改进的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶法制备了BiFeO3纳米颗粒,利用热重-差热、红外光谱及X射线衍射等手段研究了干凝胶的热分解及BiFeO3的成相过程.结果表明,在600℃煅烧可制备出高纯的BiFeO3纳米颗粒.同时发现,随着双丙烯酰胺含量的增加,所得样品晶粒尺寸逐渐减小,从而制备出平均粒径约52～110nm的系列BiFeO3颗...     

磺化改性聚四氟乙烯纤维固相萃取-高效液相色谱联用测定奶制品中的三聚氰胺

采用新型固相萃取材料磺化的甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚四氟乙烯（PTFE-g-GMA-SO3H）纤维填充微柱预富集和流动注射(FI)与高效液相色谱(HPLC)联用测定样品中痕量的三聚氰胺。 建立了以该纤维作为吸附剂在线测定奶制品中三聚氰胺的新方法。 对三聚氰胺的富集与洗脱条件进行了优化,并得出三聚氰胺的分析特性：该方法对三聚氰胺的检出限为1.13×10-2 mg/L,富集倍数为300,RSD为7.6%（n=9,三聚氰胺质量浓度为0.2 mg/L）。 该方法应用于2种奶制品中的痕量三聚氰胺的测定,样品加标回收率分别为98%和102.5%。     

疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺与双子表面活性剂的相互作用

制备了一种脂肪酸酯双磺酸盐型双子表面活性剂, 利用粘度法、界面张力法和原子力显微镜研究了疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺与双子表面活性剂在溶液中的相互作用. 实验结果表明: 疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺在溶液中能够通过自组装形成疏水微区并发展成网络结构, 疏水微区与表面活性剂在溶液中能形成混合胶束; 当一定量的表面活性剂加入时, 对疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺的自组装起促进作用, 而过多双子表面活性剂的加入又会对聚合物分子的自组装起抑制作用, 从而显著影响疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺的溶液性质, 随着表面活性剂浓度的增加, 聚合物溶液粘度先增加、再降低; 同时, 疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺对双子表面活性剂的界面性能也有较大影响, 聚合物的加入使双子表面活性剂降低油/水界面张力的能力下降, 油/水界面张力达到平衡所需时间延长.     

毛细管电泳法检测胃癌APC基因第十一外显子的杂合缺失

采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增了胃癌及癌旁正常组织中APC基因易发生杂合缺失的第十一外显子的部分碱基序列,扩增样品分别经96℃变性和Rsa Ⅰ酶切处理,以毛细管电泳(CE)-单链构象多态性(SSCP)、CE-限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)-SSCP对其杂合缺失情况进行检测.PAGE凝胶...     

Morphological investigations of block sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) copolymers as potential proton exchange membranes

A series of block sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPAEK) copolymers with different block lengths and ionic contents were synthesized by a two‐stage process. The morphology of these block SPAEK copolymers was investigated by various methods, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS). Dark colored ionic domains of hundreds of nanometers spreading as a cloud‐like belt were observed in TEM images. The sizes of the ionic domains as a function of block copolymer composition were determined from SAXS curves. The results for the evolution of ionic domains revealed that the block copolymers exhibited more clearly phase‐separated microstructure with increasing ionic contents and hydrophobic sequence lengths. Proton conductivity is closely related to the microstructure, especially the presence of large interconnected ionic domains or ionic channels. Block SPAEK membranes have interconnected ionic clusters to provide continuous hydrophilic channels, resulting in higher proton conductivity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Patterned hydrogel substrates for cell culture with electrohydrodynamic jet printing

Cells respond to and are directed by physiochemical cues in their microenvironment, including geometry and substrate stiffness. The development of substrates for cell culture with precisely controlled physiochemical characteristics has the potential to advance the understanding of cell biology considerably. In this communication, E-jet printing is introduced as a method for creating high-resolution protein patterns on substrates with controlled elasticity. It is the first application of E-jet printing on a soft surface. Protein spots as small as 5 μm in diameter on polyacrylamide are demonstrated. The patterned hydrogels are shown to support cell attachment and spreading. Polyacrylamide substrates patterned by E-jet printing may be applied to further the study of cellular mechanobiology.     

The effect of crosslinked networks with poly(ethylene glycol) on sulfonated polyimide for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

To investigate the effect of crosslinking by a hydrophilic group on a sulfonated polyimide electrolyte membrane, sulfonated polyimide end‐capped with maleic anhydride was synthesized using 1,4,5,8‐naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4,4′‐diaminobiphenyl, 2,2′‐disulfonic acid, 2‐bis [4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl] hexafluropropane and maleic anhydride. The sulfonated polyimides end‐capped with maleic anhydride were self‐crosslinked or crosslinked with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. A series of the crosslinked sulfonated polyimides having various ratios of sulfonated polyimide and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate were prepared and compared with uncrosslinked and self‐crosslinked sulfonated polyimides. The synthesized sulfonated polyimide films were characterized for FTIR spectrum, thermal stability, ion exchange capacity, water uptake, hydrolytic stability, morphological structure, and proton conductivity. The formation of sulfonated polyimide was confirmed in FTIR spectrum. Thermal stability was good for all the sulfonated polyimides that exhibited a three‐step degradation pattern. Ion exchange capacity was the same for both the uncrosslinked and the self‐crosslinked sulfonated polyimides (1.30 mEq/g). When the crosslinked sulfonated polyimides with poly(ethylene glycol) were compared, the ion exchange capacity was decreased as 1.27 > 1.25 > 1.23 mEq/g and water uptake was increased as 23.8 < 24.0 < 24.3% with the increase in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate content. All the crosslinked sulfonated polyimides with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate were stable for over 200 h at 80 °C in deionized water. Morphological structure and mean intermolecular distance were obtained by WAXD. Proton conductivities were measured at 30, 50, 70, and 90 °C. The proton conductivity of the crosslinked sulfonated polyimides with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate increased with the increase in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate content despite the fact that the ion exchange capacity was decreased. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1455–1464, 2005     

Proton conducting composite membranes from polysulfone and heteropolyacid for fuel cell applications

The viability of using composite membranes of heteropolyacid (HPA)/polysulfone (PSF), HPA/sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was investigated. PSF and its sulfonated polymer, SPSF was solution‐blended with phosphotungstic acid, a commercially available HPA. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the HPA–40/SPSF composite exhibited band shifts showing a possibility of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction between the HPA additive and the sulfonated polymer. The composite membranes exhibited improved mechanical strength and low water uptake. The conductivity of the composite membrane, HPA–40/SPSF, consisting of 40 wt % HPA and 60 wt % SPSF [with a degree of Sulfonation (DS) of 40%] exhibited a conductivity 0.089 S/cm at room temperature that linearly increased upto 0.14 S/cm at 120 °C, whereas the widely used commercial membrane Nafion 117, exhibited a room temperature conductivity of 0.1 S/cm that increased to only 0.12 S/cm at 120 °C. In contrast, the composite of HPA–40/PSF exhibited a proton conductivity of 0.02 S/cm at room temperature that increased only to 0.07 S/cm at a temperature of 100 °C. The incorporation of HPA into SPSF not only rendered the membranes suitable for elevated temperature operation of PEMFC but also provides an inexpensive alternative compared to Nafion. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1538–1547, 2005     

苝环结构修饰的丙烯酰胺聚合物的合成及性质

近年来，红基元结构作为功能材料引起人们的广泛注意［１，２］，我们选择部分红颜料研究了其用于静电复印的光电性能取得了较好的结果［３～６］．但其难溶性阻碍了对它的进一步研究和应用，为此力图合成了红染料修饰的丙烯酰胺聚合物，该化合物溶解性、成膜性、加工性...