核电资源替代煤电资源的临界时点分析模型

随着煤电资源的逐渐耗竭,传统电力资源的替代资源开发成为我国电力可持续发展的重要途径。为探讨核电资源替代煤电资源的经济规律,构建了一个电力资源社会价值评估模型。以电力资源社会价值最大化为目标,运用动态优化理论求解,得出核电资源替代煤电资源的临界替代时点,分析核电资源替代煤电资源的替代条件,剖析电力生产外部性对电力资源配置效率的影响程度及导致电力资源配置低效率的具体原因。认为电力生产部门的外部性影响电力资源的配置效率,阻碍核电资源替代煤电资源的发展进程。就电力生产部门的实际情况提出了相应的政策建议,以促进低碳清洁的核电资源替代煤电资源,实现环境、经济与电力可持续发展。     

A New Higher Order Shear Deformation Model for Static Behavior of Functionally Graded Plates

In this paper, a new displacement based high-order shear deformation theory is introduced for the static response of functionally graded plate. Unlike any other theory, the number of unknown functions involved is only four, as against five in case of other shear deformation theories. The theory presented is variationally consistent, has strong similarity with classical plate theory in many aspects, does not require shear correction factor, and gives rise to transverse shear stress variation such that the transverse shear stresses vary parabolically across the thickness satisfying shear stress free surface conditions. The mechanical properties of the plate are assumed to vary continuously in the thickness direction by a simple power-law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. Numerical illustrations concerned flexural behavior of FG plates with Metal-Ceramic composition. Parametric studies are performed for varying ceramic volume fraction, volume fraction profiles, aspect ratios and length to thickness ratios. The validity of the present theory is investigated by comparing some of the present results with those of the classical, the first-order and the other higher-order theories. It can be concluded that the proposed theory is accurate and simple in solving the static behavior of functionally graded plates.     

基于波动法的框式结构功率流主动控制方法与实验研究

为了研究扰动影响下框式结构中的功率流传播与主动控制,首先采用波动方法建立了框式结构的动力学模型并获得了其在扰动下的精确动力学响应,进一步得到结构中传播的功率流,并以此为目标函数,优化得到了最优控制力的大小与相位,然后对结构施加最优控制力,实现了框式结构的功率流主动控制。对框式结构功率流主动控制方法进行了数值计算分析与实验验证。结果表明：采用波动方法计算框式结构的动力学响应精确可靠;通过数值计算与实验研究可知功率流主动控制可以明显降低框式结构全频域内的抖动,验证了基于波动方法功率流主动控制的正确性与有效性。     

基于KKT和量子遗传算法的风火电联合上网最优决策

研究了同时考虑节能减排效益和经济效益时,风火电联合上网的决策模型,并采用提出的KKT框架下的量子遗传算法进行模型的求解。综合考虑风电和火电的特点,建立经济效益函数和节能减排效益函数以及相关的约束条件,最终确立多目标决策模型。在KKT框架下将多目标函数转化为单目标,并利用量子遗传算法进行模型的求解。算例分析显示本文提出的KKT框架下的量子遗传算法在决策模型的求解时能够利用更少的CPU运行时间获得更优的决策结果,与其他常用的优化模型相比具有较高的优越性。     

Energy Distribution for a Power Model of the Plane Symmetric Spacetime in f(R) Gravity

The study of the energy localization in f(R) theories of gravity has attracted much interest in recent years. In this paper, the vacuum solutions of the modified field equations for a power model of plane symmetric metric are studied in metric f(R) gravity with the assumption of constant Ricci scalar. Next, we determine the energy-momentum complexes in f(R) theories of gravity for this spacetime for some important models. We also show that these models satisfy the stability and constant curvature conditions.     

Effective Parameters on Energy Losses of Fast Electron in Fusion Mediums

The stopping and scattering of fast electrons in a dense plasma relevant to inertial confinement fusion (ICF) are investigated numerically with the latest improved cross section equations. Binary and collective effects are considered to determine beam transport parameters such as range, penetration depth, spreading processes as straggling and blooming versus electron energy and plasma parameters. Blooming and straggling effects, which act as consequences of scattering with statistical assumption in collisions, lead to a non-uniform, extended region of energy deposition. Finally the mean angle of deflections is calculated for different plasma energies.     

CTRW模型等待时间分布的随机抽样方法

研究等待时间分布为截断幂律分布的连续时间随机行走(CTRW)模型,分析比较截断幂律分布的可能随机抽样方法,并提出一套可以对其进行精确抽样的乘分布舍选算法.数值结果表明:当幂律指数α > 0.2时,该算法的抽样效率在80%以上.利用该算法可以成功得出CTRW模型描述的三种反常输运过程的标度关系.     

滚动轮胎表面红外成像测温的偏差及其修正

使用红外热像仪从三个方向测量了滚动轮胎的表面温度,结果表明从不同方向对同一表面的测温结果不相同。根据几何光学和热辐射原理,造成这一偏差有两个原因:一是轮胎表面点的像面照度按其辐射入射角α的余弦四次方定律变化;二是轮胎表面点的发射率与β(该点入射方向与其法向之间的夹角)有关。本文首先采用余弦四次方定律对三个方向下的轮胎表面红外测试结果进行了与α相关的修正,然后依据轮胎表面任意点温度的同一性(即与测量方向无关)进行了与β相关的进一步修正,并给出了一个轮胎表面发射率与β的经验关系。具体表现为发射率在法向上最大,当β在60°以内时其变化相对平缓,超过60°则急剧下降,最终得到了一个表征轮胎表面点红外像面照度下降的双角度(α和β)修正函数以及相应的温度修正公式。 修正后不同方向下的温度分布趋于一致,其平均结果即可视为轮胎表面真实的温度分布。     

Thermal resistance matrix representation of thermal effects and thermal design in multi-finger power heterojunction bipolar transistors

The thermal resistance matrix including self-heating thermal resistance and thermal coupling resistance is presented to describe the thermal effects of multi-finger power heterojunction bipolar transistors. The dependence of thermal resistance matrix on finger spacing is also investigated. It is shown that both self-heating thermal resistance and thermal coupling resistance are lowered by increasing the finger spacing, in which the downward dissipated heat path is widened and the heat flow from adjacent fingers is effectively suppressed. The decrease of self-heating thermal resistance and thermal coupling resistance is helpful for improving the thermal stability of power devices. Furthermore, with the aid of the thermal resistance matrix, a 10-finger power heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) with non-uniform finger spacing is designed for high thermal stability. The optimized structure can effectively lower the peak temperature while maintaining a uniformity of the temperature profile at various biases and thus the device effectively may operate at a higher power level.     

The power spectrum and correlation of flow noise for an axisymmetric body in water

Understanding the physical features of the flow noise for an axisymmetric body is important for improving the performance of a sonar mounted on an underwater platform. Analytical calculation and numerical analysis of the physical features of the flow noise for an axisymmetric body are presented and a simulation scheme for the noise correlation on the hydrophones is given. It is shown that the numerical values of the flow noise coincide well with the analytical values. The main physical features of flow noise are obtained. The flow noises of two different models are compared and a model with a rather optimal fore-body shape is given. The flow noise in horizontal symmetry profile of the axisymmetric body is non-uniform, but it is omni-directional and has little difference in the cross section of the body. The loss of noise diffraction has a great effect on the flow noise from boundary layer transition. Meanwhile, based on the simulation, the noise power level increases with velocity to approximately the fifth power at high frequencies, which is consistent with the experiment data reported in the literature. Furthermore, the flow noise received by the acoustic array has lower correlation at a designed central frequency, which is important for sonar system design.