Application of SSNTD for maintenance of radiation and nuclear safety of the Sarcophagus

Object “Shelter” (known world-wide as the Sarcophagus) is a source of very high radiological and nuclear hazard. Transfer of the Sarcophagus into an ecologically safe site is a task not only for Ukraine but also for the world community. A composite approach to maintenance of radiation and nuclear safety of the Sarcophagus applying spectrometric methods using solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTD) is suggested in this paper. The aspects are: (1) monitoring of transuranium element inhalation intake to a human body of nuclear workers; (2) neutron flux evaluation in some premises of the Sarcophagus; (3) fuel hot particle detection in air of working zones; (4) radon and thoron simultaneous measurements.     

氟作业工人骨骼X线改变的分析

对９６６名氟作业工人选定的骨骼常规摄Ｘ光片,按其不同日摄氟量分组观片、记录。结果显示：①骨骼Ｘ线改变阳性率与日摄氟量呈正相关（ｒ＝０．８７９,Ｐ〈０．０１）;②不同部位的骨骼Ｘ线改变阳性率有差异;③骨骼Ｘ线改变的主要表现是骨密度增高、骨间膜增宽或钙化、关节、骨周、髓腔有改变、骨质增生、闭孔膜及韧带钙化等。     

Content and Nutritional Evaluation of Zinc in PDO and Traditional Italian Cheeses

Zinc is an essential mineral which plays a key role in several important biological processes in the human body. The determination of its level in food matrices can contribute to the food quality characterization and to the adequacy of the diet. Animal food products generally have a higher zinc content compared to vegetables. Among them, dairy products consumption can provide a great contribution to the zinc reference intakes. In this study, different Italian cheeses (38 Protected Denomination of Origin and 9 Traditional) were evaluated for their zinc content. Cow cheeses generally showed the highest zinc content (1.83–7.75 mg/100 g cheese), followed by sheep cheeses (1.34–3.69 mg/100 g), and cheeses from mixed milk (0.39–4.54 mg/100 g). The only cheese from buffalo milk (Mozzarella di Bufala Campana PDO) showed a zinc content of 2.14 mg/100 g. The great variability in the zinc content observed among the samples is the result of the influence of several factors, such as the feeding system, the species (cow, sheep, goat, and buffalo), and the cheese-making. Most of the samples resulted in a great contribution (>10%) to the zinc Daily Reference Intake set by EU (10 mg/day), with only two samples contributing to less than 4%.     

笛管式配气机构进气量的分析研究

阐述了笛管式内燃机配气机构的结构原理,并创建有限元模型,采用CFdesign软件仿真的方法对比传统配气机构和笛管式配气机构进气机理,分析进气过程中两者气缸体积流量的变化规律.结果表明:笛管式配气机构在提高较小转角或较小开度时,能使进排气流畅,进气更为充分,从而大大提高了进气量.     

亚音主旋翼的噪声预测和声隐身分析

本文介绍了基于FW-H方程的亚音主旋翼噪声预测方法,并在螺桨噪声预测程序基础上发展了主旋翼噪声预测程序。本文采用商用CFD软件FINE／TURBO模拟直升机旋翼流场,为噪声预测程序提供所需要的桨叶表面载荷,并用算例验证了载荷数据的准确性和噪声预测程序的有效性。本文计算和讨论了亚音悬停条件下的辐射噪声,并重点分析了不同形状桨叶对辐射噪声的影响,结果表明采用合理的薄翼型叶尖、尖削叶尖及线性扭转桨叶都可以降低辐射噪声,为通过改变桨叶形状降低旋翼辐射噪声提供了合理途径。     

用鲁棒Riemann求解器和运动重叠网格计算旋翼粘性绕流

发展了一种基于鲁棒Riemann求解器和运动重叠网格技术计算直升机悬停旋翼流场的方法。基于惯性坐标系,悬停旋翼流场是非定常流场,控制方程为可压缩Reynolds平均Navier-Stoke方程,其对流项采用Roe近似Reimann求解器离散,使用改进的五阶加权基本无振荡格式进行高阶重构,非定常时间推进采用含牛顿型LUSGS子迭代的全隐式双时间步方法。为实施旋转运动和便于捕捉尾迹,计算采用运动重叠网格技术。计算得到的桨叶表面压力分布及桨尖涡涡核位置都与实验结果吻合较好。数值结果表明:所发展方法对桨尖涡具有较高的分辨率,对激波具有较好的捕捉能力,该方法可进一步推广到前飞旋翼粘性绕流的计算。     

On influence of kinematics to equivalent linear damping of helicopter blade hydraulic damper

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｗａｓｆｉｒｓｔｅｎｃｏｕｎｔｅｒｅｄｄｕｒｉｎｇｆｌｉｇｈｔｔｅｓｔｏｆａＣＨ＿53ＥｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｂｙＳｉｋｏｒｓｋｙ[1].Ａｓｔｈｅａｉｒｃｒａｆｔｗａｓｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｉｔｓａｉｒｓｐｅｅｄｆｒｏｍ 2 77ｋｍ·ｈ- 1,ａｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎｏｎｏｆｅｘｃｅｓｓｉｖｅｏｓｃｉｌｌａｔｉｏｎｓｗａｓｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ .Ｉｔｗａｓｒｅａｌｉｚｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｒｅｗａｓａｓｅｌｆ＿ｅｘｃｉｔｅｄｏｓｃｉｌｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｏｕｐｌｅｄｆｉｒｓｔｃｏｌｌｅ…     

ON THE STRUCTURE OF STEADY FLOW THROUGH DUAL-INTAKE ENGINE PORTS

The influence of intake port design on the flow field in a dual-intake valve engine was investigated using computational fluid dynamics, in order to study the effect of inlet port design on the in-cylinder flow. A detailed 3D computational grid incorporating all the features of the Ford Zetec production engine inlet ports, valves and cylinder head was initially created and the flow structure modelled at 5 and 10 mm valve lifts under steady flow conditions. Comparisons of computational results with experimental data obtained by laser Doppler anemometry indicate that the flow characteristics have been predicted well in most regions. Flow generated by different intake port designs was also simulated by introducing air into the cylinder at different directions to the inlet valve axes and the effects of port deactivation, throttling and exhaust gas recirculation were examined. The implications of the results for intake port design are discussed.     

船舶进气系统进气特性的非定常研究

本文采用三维非定常数值模拟的方法,对某船舶进气系统整体气路进行求解。研究中考虑进气室冷却进气系统、燃烧进气系统、进气蜗壳等结构,以及百叶窗、空气净化装置、消音器等结构的阻力影响,并在定常条件下验证了阻力模拟的准确性。随后,重点研究了外界条件变化对前后进气室压差及蜗壳出口流场的影响,得出了前后压差随测点位置和外界条件的变化规律。     

Third‐order Cartesian overset mesh adaptation method for solving steady compressible flows

A third‐order mesh generation and adaptation method is presented for solving the steady compressible Euler equations. For interior points, a third‐order scheme is used on Cartesian and curvilinear meshes. Concerning the mesh adaptation, the method of Meakin is also extended to third order. The accuracy of the new overset mesh adaptation method is demonstrated by a grid convergence study for 2‐D inviscid model problems and results are compared with a second‐order method. Finally, the method is applied to the computation of an inviscid 3‐D flow around a hovering blade of the ONERA 7A helicopter rotor exhibiting an improvement in the wake capture. With a 7 million point mesh, the tip vortex can be followed for more than three rotor revolutions with the third‐order method. The CPU time needed for this calculation is only 3% higher than with a conventional second‐order method. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.