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61.
Michael Drew Kurtz 《Combustion Theory and Modelling》2013,17(6):711-729
In this work, two-dimensional hot spots are modelled by combining a linear temperature gradient with a constant temperature plateau. This approach retains the simplicity of a linear temperature gradient, but captures the effects of a local temperature maximum of finite size. Symmetric and asymmetric plateau regions are modelled using both rectangular and elliptical geometries. A one-step Arrhenius reaction for H2–air is used to model the reactive mixture. Plateaus with different ratios of excitation to acoustic timescales, spanning two orders of magnitude, are simulated. Even with clear differences in behaviour between one and two dimensions, the a priori prescribed hot spot timescale ratio is shown to characterise the 2-D gasdynamic response. The relationship between one and two dimensions is explored using asymmetric plateau regions. It is shown that 1-D behaviour is recovered over a finite time. Furthermore, the duration of this 1-D behaviour is directly related to the asymmetry of the plateau. 相似文献
62.
自然循环过冷沸腾流动不稳定性的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以氟里昂作工质,对自然循环过冷沸腾流动不稳定性进行了实验研究.实验过程中发现自然循环系统内可能发生高频脉动和低频脉动二种类型的过冷沸腾流动不稳定性.通过实验研究揭示了这二种类型流动不稳定性的发生机理,证实高频脉动属于声波型脉动,低频脉动属于密度波型脉动.通过实验得出了判断系统稳定性的界限,并使用积分方程无因次分析方法得出了预测密度波型流动不稳定性的经验公式. 相似文献
63.
Microfluidic systems promise solutions for high throughput and highly specific analysis for biology, medicine and chemistry while consuming only tiny amounts of reactants and space. On these lab‐on‐a‐chip platforms often multiple physical effects such as electrokinetic, acoustic or capillary phenomena from various disciplines are exploited to gain the optimal functionality. The fluidics on these small length scales differ significantly from our experience of the macroscopic world. In this Review we survey some of the approaches and techniques to handle minute amounts of fluid volumes in microfluidic systems with special focus on surface acoustic wave driven fluidics, a technique developed in our laboratory. Here, we outline the basics of this technique and demonstrate, for example, how acoustic mixing and fluid actuation is realized. Furthermore we discuss the interplay of different physical effects in microfluidic systems and illustrate their usefulness for several applications. 相似文献
64.
The acoustic radiation force resulting from acoustic waves have been extensively studied for the contact-free generation of organized patterning arrays. The precise arrangement of microscopic objects clustered at the pressure nodes is critical to the development of functional structures and patterned surfaces. However, the size of the clusters is restricted by the saturation limit of the acoustic nodes. Here, we present a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) platform, which employs a two-dimensional acoustic wave to propel particles of various sizes. Experimentally, when particles are large, significant acoustic energy is scattered and partly absorbed by the matched layers in front of the sensors. The acoustic radiation force from a convergent acoustic pressure field agglomerates the large polystyrene (PS) particles towards the central region instead of the pressure nodes. The parametric analysis has been performed to assess the transition in the particles from clustering at the organized nodal arrays to agglomerating in the central region, which is a function of particle size, particle concentration, and load voltage. Statistically, the particles can agglomerate with a cluster ratio greater than 70%, and this ratio can be improved by increasing the load power/voltage supplied to the transducers. With its ability to perform biocompatible, label-free, and contact-free self-assembly, this concept offers a new possibility in the fabrication of colloidal layers, the recreation of tissue microstructure, the development of organoid spheroid cultures, the migration of microorganisms, and the assembly of bioprinting materials. 相似文献
65.
Traditional cell/particle isolation methods are time-consuming and expensive and can lead to morphology disruptions due to high induced shear stress. To address these problems, novel lab-on-a-chip-based purification methods have been employed. Among various methods introduced for the separation and purification of cells and synthetics particles, acoustofluidics has been one of the most effective methods. Unlike traditional separation techniques carried out in clinical laboratories based on chemical properties, the acoustofluidic process relies on the physical properties of the sample. Using acoustofluidics, manipulating cells and particles can be achieved in a label-free, contact-free, and highly biocompatible manner. To optimize the functionality of the platform, the numerical study should be taken into account before conducting experimental tests to save time and reduce fabrication expenses. Most current numerical studies have only considered one-dimensional harmonic standing waves to simulate the acoustic pressure distribution. However, one-dimensional simulations cannot calculate the actual acoustic pressure distribution inside the microchannel due to its limitation in considering longitudinal waves. To address this limitation, a two-dimensional numerical simulation was conducted in this study. Our numerical simulation investigates the effects of the platform geometrical and operational conditions on the separation efficiency. Next, the optimal values are tested in an experimental setting to validate these optimal parameters and conditions. This work provides a guideline for future acoustofluidic chip designs with a high degree of reproducibility and efficiency. 相似文献
66.
为了提高声表面波传感器应变灵敏度,该文提出了一种桥型声表面波应变传感器。首先根据受压弯曲构件中应变分布特点设计了桥型声表面波应变传感器,并建立有限元模型,结合微扰法分析了桥型结构几何参数与声表面波应变传感器灵敏度的关系。根据分析结果确定桥型声表面波应变传感器几何结构参数,并与传统声表面波应变传感器的应变灵敏度进行了对比研究,在此基础上搭建受压弯曲微动平台开展实验研究,结果表明:在直梁构件受压弯曲应变测量时,Y34°切向的桥型声表面波应变传感器的应变灵敏度为1692 Hz/με,传统声表面波传感器应变灵敏度为1328 Hz/με,桥型声表面波应变传感器的应变灵敏度较传统声表面波应变传感器有明显提高。 相似文献
67.
Nonlinear vortical structures and soliton formation are investigated for electron temperature gradient instability in a two-electron temperature non-Maxwellian magnetoplasma. The inhomogeneity in magnetic field is also considered. A new set of nonlinear equations, using transport equations of Braginskii”s model, are formulated to study the nonlinear structures. A modified linear dispersion relation of coupled electron temperature gradient (ETG) mode and electron acoustic wave is derived. The ETG instability is found to increase with increase in ηec value that increases with sharp density gradients. The results are applied to auroral region of earth's magnetosphere and the calculated values of the nonlinear electric field of fast solitary waves are found to be in agreement with the Viking satellite observations. 相似文献
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利用声发射技术监测受载混凝土裂缝发展特征的首要任务是对声发射源的准确定位。为了解混凝土中声发射波速特性,提高声发射源定位精度,该文开展了一系列室内试验,构建了考虑衰减现象的声发射波速修正模型,优化建立了基于修正波速的区域穷举定位法。结果表明:水灰比越小,基准波速越大,波速随距离的衰减越大。骨料粒径越大,基准波速越大,波速随距离的衰减越大。直线距离小于500 mm时,可采用对数函数描述声发射波速与距离的定量关系,以此构建的波速修正模型满足工程精度要求。采用修正波速的区域穷举定位法对单轴压缩试验产生的裂缝进行定位时,定位点比时差定位法更接近裂缝实际位置,有效提高了定位精度。 相似文献