Selective area rare-earth doping of planar glass samples for monolithic integration of optically passive and active waveguides

Successful demonstration of selective area doping of planar glass samples for monolithic integration of optically passive and active devices on a single chip is presented. Salt solution of erbium was delivered onto pre-sintered germano-silicate samples via a syringe. The samples were then consolidated to form dense glass layers containing regions doped with rare earth. Erbium tri-chloride solution, 0.1 M, was used during the solution doping phase, with the resulting erbium atomic percentage ranging from more than 0.1-0.4%, increasing linearly with the number of drips applied.     

Analysis for Transmission Characteristics of Closed Trapezoidal-Groove Waveguide with Boundary Element Method

In this paper, the cut-off and dispersion characteristics of a new kind of closed trapezoidal-groove waveguide that has more advantages than open groove waveguides are analyzed with the help of the boundary element method, the relationship between cut-off wavelengths and variations of guide's relative sizes is discussed in detail. The calculated results are in good agreement with those in the relevant reference. So, the obtained conclusions are very important in theoretical studies and actual applications of closed trapezoidal-groove waveguides for millimeter and submillimeter waves.     

Crosstalks of two-waveguide and three-waveguide directional couplers

Crosstalks of two-waveguide and three-waveguide directional couplers are analyzed mathematically based on the relationship between the coupled mode and the normal mode. Numerical techniques such as the finite-difference method and the beam propagation method are employed to confirm the validity of the derived expressions. The calculation results show that two-waveguide directional coupler is superior to any type of three-waveguide couplers from the practical viewpoint of the crosstalk and the coupling length.     

Analysis of Ti:LiNbO3 zero-gap directional coupler for wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer

For the purpose of multichannel integrated-optical wavelength division MUX/DEMUX design, the wavelength tuning method of Ti:LiNbO₃ zero-gap directional coupler is analysed by effective-index based matrix method (EIMM). In this method, first, the 2D refractive index profile of the Ti:LiNbO₃ zero-gap directional coupler is transformed into lateral 1D effective-index profile by WKB method. Finally, matrix method is applied to this effective-index profile and the propagation constants are computed from the resonance peaks of the excitation efficiency versus propagation constant characteristics. It has been shown that the channel wavelength tuning can be achieved by varying the Y-branching angle at the input and output of the device or by a slight variation of two-mode-section length. The method of electro-optic fine tuning of the channel wavelength and channel separation of the device has also been investigated. A cascaded structure with proper parameters for four-channel application is also simulated and the results are presented.     

On the two methods of kinetic theory of ECRM

The kinetic theory based on the expansion of local field in the guiding center coordinate system, presented by paper[1]–[3], has successfully developed into a theoretical system. The mathematical background and physical explanation of setting up the guiding center coordinate system is expounded in the paper. By using the methods of the guiding center and waveguide coordinate systems respectively, the same dispersion equations for interaction of an axially symmetrical single momentum electron beam with TE_mn field in the circular waveguide are rigorously derived. A number of mistakes in paper[4] are indicated as well.     

In situ monitoring of the H concentration change near an electrode surface through electrolysis using slab optical waveguide pH sensor

The H⁺ concentration change was monitored near an electrode surface through an electrolysis using a slab optical waveguide technique. Indium tin oxide transparent electrode modified by porous insulating polymer to which methyl red was covalently immobilized was used as a guiding layer, and the absorbance change of the polymer film was monitored. H⁺ generation at the vicinity of the electrode through the oxidation of ascorbic acid could be monitored by this technique.     

质子交换MgO:LiNbO3波导的双层结构

本文报导MgO:LiN_bO₃质子交换波导X射线双晶衍射和红外吸收的实验结果。这些结果表明质子交换波导由浅表面层和深表面层构成。浅表面层是一个连续应变层,有着大量随机排列的O—H—O形式的缔合OH^-基团。深表面层是一个均匀应变层,其内H⁺以自由OH^-基团形式出现。质子交换波导折射串不稳定性与双层结构中的结构驰豫密切相关。通过对质子交换过程的分析,提出两条避免双层结构的途径,其一为降低交换剂中的H⁺浓度,另一条是采用有限源工艺。     

毫米波圆柱波导自由电子激光放大器的数值模拟

本文以单粒子理论为基础，在不计空间电荷效应的近似条件下推导了带轴向引导磁场的三维圆柱波导非线性模拟方程组。用CAGFEL程序计算、分析了在带入口区、常数摇摆器条件下两组不同物理参数的自由电子激光放大器的物理模型。计算结果可靠，物理图象合理。对于其中的第二组参数还着重考查了光波频率、输入功率和摇摆器场振幅改变对输出功率和效率的影响。上述这些计算结果对0．7MeV 自由电子激光放大器的设计和实验具有一定的参考价值。     

光子晶体平面波导与脊波导高效耦合技术的研究

利用一维变周期谐振腔阵列和非线性缓变边界，可以实现光波从脊波导到光子晶体平面波导 （PCW）的高效耦合.基于平面波展开法（PWE）和时域有限差分法（FDTD），深入分析和讨 论了普通脊波导、2D-PCW结构和本征模以及工作模式、缓变边界形状等对耦合效率的影响， 从而得出光波从脊波导到2D-PCW、再返回脊波导的统一图景.指出考虑模式转换和采用缓变 边界条件可以极大提高PCW与脊波导间的耦合效率.对PC-PW边界采用线性和非线性缓变结构 进行了仿真，讨论了边界缓变程度对耦合效率的影响.结果表明，采用模式耦合和PC-PW余弦 缓变边界时的耦合效率在较宽的带宽内超过了95%. 关键词： 光子晶体波导 脊波导 PWE FDTD 耦合边界     

利用泄漏波导测量低折射率薄膜的折射率和厚度

根据泄漏波导原理对K_9玻璃基板上的冰晶石薄膜进行折射率测量,达到的精度为1×10~(-4),与真实波导的情况相似。文中讨论了利用添加高折射率薄层减小待测薄膜的最小厚度的可能性。文中还利用光电方法观察反射光中暗条纹的方法判别波导的激发,并测出了冰晶石薄膜在4500到6500范围内的折射率。