Restrictive Regulation of Ionic Liquid Quaternary Ammonium Salt in SBA-15 Pore Channel for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Conversion

Herein, the synthesis of a new type of catalyst, SBA−M (Schiff complex of different metal types grafted on SBA-15) based on a quaternization reaction, is described. Various amounts of ionic liquid were grafted into the pore channels of SBA-15 using the post-grafting method, which allowed the ionic liquid to be grafted into the pore channels restrictively. Notably, over six cycles, SBA−Mn (0.2) has been shown to maintain its catalytic activity and stability. In addition, a reaction mechanism for the cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxides based on density-functional theory is proposed. The cycloaddition reaction of CO₂ and epoxides is an efficient way of carbon fixation. It is demonstrated that the metal coordinated with the oxygen atom of the epoxides and that a halogen attacked the carbon of epoxides. Moreover, theoretical calculations and synthesis strategy provide a new approach for CO₂ conversion.     

有机相中固定化脂肪酶催化合成植物甾醇酯

酶法合成植物甾醇酯具有反应条件温和、产物纯度和产量高等优点,但非水相酶催化的活性和稳定性普遍较低.本文以大孔树脂固定化脂肪酶为催化剂,并在催化过程中添加乳糖的类似物,构建了有机相高效合成植物甾醇酯的工艺过程.以酯化率为考察指标,对脂肪酶和反应溶剂进行筛选,对酯化条件进行优化,同时考察了糖的种类及添加量对酶催化性能的影响.结果表明,大孔树脂NKA吸附固定化的褶皱假丝酵母(Candida rugosa)脂肪酶(NKA-CRL)为最适宜的催化剂,以正己烷为反应介质,在酸醇摩尔比为2和添加酶蛋白质量7.5%的海藻糖的条件下,40°C反应10 h,酯化率达到96.6%.连续6次催化后,植物甾醇的酯化率仍维持在85.0%以上.     

Magnetite Nanoparticles Immobilized Pectinase: Preparation,Characterization and Application for the Fruit Juices Clarification

In this work, pectinase was immobilized on the surface of silica‐coated magnetite nanoparticles via covalent attachment. The magnetite‐immobilized enzyme was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometery techniques. Response Surface Methodology using Minitab Software was applied for statistical designing of operating conditions in order to immobilize pectinase on magnetic nanoparticles. The optimal conditions were obtained at 30 °C and pH 5.5 with 42.97 μl pectinase for 2 h. The immobilization yield was 50.6% at optimized conditions. Compared to the free pectinase, the immobilized pectinase was found to exhibit enhanced enzyme activity, better tolerance to the variation of pH and temperature, and improved storage stability. Both free and immobilized samples reduced the viscosity of apple juice from 1.12 to 0.88 and 0.92 mm²s^?1, respectively, after 30 min at their optimum temperature. Furthermore, the immobilized enzyme could be reused six consecutive cycles and the efficiency loss in viscosity reduction was found to be only 8.16%.     

乙烯基Ia3d介孔硅分子筛的环氧化及其固定化青霉素酰化酶(英文)

采用直接共聚法合成表面含有乙烯基的具有立方相Ia3d结构的介孔硅分子筛(V-ClMS),然后对乙烯基团进行环氧化制备得到表面环氧基功能化的介孔硅分子筛(E-CIMS),采用X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、透射电镜、热重分析和13C固体核磁共振对制备的介孔硅分子筛进行了表征.结果表明,表面含有乙烯基的V-ClMS介孔硅分子筛能被一步成功合成,并易于发生环氧化而获得表面环氧基功能化的E-CIMS介孔硅分子筛.将E-CIMS介孔硅分子筛作为载体用于固定化青霉素G酰化酶(PGA),研究了表面环氧基团对固定化PGA初活性和操作稳定性的影响.结果表明,随着表面环氧基团数量的增加,介孔硅分子筛孔径减小,表面疏水性增加,导致载酶量和初活性减小.但介孔硅分子筛表面适量的环氧基团能增强E-CIMS介孔硅分子筛与PGA之间的相互作用,从而提高固定化PGA的操作稳定性.     

Micromorphology Characterization of SiO2-Based Composite Thin Films with Immobilized Terbium(III) Complex

The aim of this study was to investigate by atomic force microscopy and multifractal analysis the three-dimensional (3-D) of surface micromorphology of the complex of Tb(III) with the biscoumarin derivative 3,3′-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)]bis-(4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one), Tb(C₂₅H₁₅O₇)₃ · 5H₂O immobilized in transparent SiO₂-based films by a simple casting technique. The 3-D surfaces contain irregularities of various orders spread on the surface due to the intrinsic method of surface preparation. We found that the micromorphology of all analyzed samples has multifractal characteristics. The generalized dimension D _q and the singularity spectrum f(α) provided quantitative values that describe the degree of heterogeneity in the 3-D surface geometry at nanometer scale. The results showed that the larger the spectrum width Δα (Δα = α _max  ? α _min ) of the multifractal spectra f(α), the more nonuniform is the surface micromorphology. These results demonstrate that multifractal analysis is a more precise and reliable tool for quantitative characterization of 3-D surface micromorphology.     

Aspartase-Catalyzed Preparative Scale Synthesis of 15N-Aspartic Acid

A preparative scale synthesis of ¹⁵N-aspartic acid from fumarate and ¹⁵NH₄OH catalyzed by immobilized aspartase has been developed. Immobilization of aspartase in membrane enclosed enzyme immobilization (MEEI) facilitates the separation of the enzyme from product and makes the enzyme stable and durable for multiple usage. A simple isolation procedure in total yield of 62% using perfusion ion exchange chromatography renders the procedure more practical.     

环氧化交联聚乙烯醇球的制备

由于具备优良的生物相容性及大量可以用于修饰的羟基，交联聚乙烯醇球可以用作医用吸附剂的载体。本文对交联聚乙烯醇球的制备条件进行了详细研究，并讨论了环氧基的固载条件，分析了球的交联度、单体浓度对交联聚乙烯醇珠的粒径分布、溶胀度和环氧基团固载量的影响。     

Immobilization of proteins as a tool for studying primary structure around their cysteinyl residues

The primary structure around the single cysteinyl residue of chicken pepsin was investigated by binding the protein via this residue to an insoluble carrier. Carriers stable towards reagents used for the fragmentation of proteins and sequence analysis were prepared by coupling a spacer arm to polyN-hydroxymethyl acrylamide using a thioether bond that is potentially cleavable by mercuric ions (1). Phenacyl bromide group, attached to the free end of the spacer, reacted rapidly and specifically with the cysteinyl residue of chicken pepsin. Up to 300 mg of the enzyme were bound to 1 g of carrier. The polymer-bound protein was cleaved by trypsin or by cyanogen bromide or by a sequence of both. Fragments of 40–120 amino acid residues, depending on the method of cleavage, remained attached to the polymer through the cysteinyl residue. The compositions and partial sequences of these fragments revealed that the cysteinyl residue is located within or in the vicinity of a loop in the molecule formed by a disulfide bond.