杨振宁教授在与广西物理学界代表座谈会上的发言

在座谈会上，杨教授就高能物理学的发展、室温核聚变、二分量中微子理论和中微子质量、准晶体以及物理学的研究方法和物理学教学等问题发表了自己的见解。     

J／φ→π^＋π^—π^0衰变中的A值分布

考察了 J/ψ→π+π- π0 衰变中的 A值分布 ,所定义的 A值是一个由末态π介子动量构成的一个无量纲的量 A =(Pπ-x Pπ+y - Pπ-x Pπ+y ) /P+π P- π ,其中 Ph、Phx 与 Phy 分别表示强子 h的动量的大小、该动量沿 X轴与 Y轴方向的分量 .这里 J/ψ是由 e+e- 碰撞产生的 ,而 e+的动量方向被取为 Z轴正向 .如果实验上能够证实 A的事例平均值〈A〉不等于零 ,则存在 CP(由电荷共轭变换与空间反演变换构成的联合变换 )或者 T(时间反演变换 )破坏 .通过筛选到的 748个事例 ,测得〈 A〉=0 .0 10 39± 0 .0 146 1± 0 .0 15 2 .进而 ,对于深入研究所需的数据样本大小和可能达到的观测水平作了数值估算 .     

Compensation for Self-Focusing of Picosecond Pulses in Nd：Glass by Using Cascaded Quadratic Nonlinearity

One of the obstacles in obtaining high power/energy laser sources is self-focusing, which stems from the nonlinear phase shift (B-integral) accumulated during beam propagation in Kerr media. Phase-mismatched secondharmonic generation may impose a nonlinear phase shift on the fundamental with controllable sign and magnitude,which can be used to compensate for self-focusing with a single-pass configuration. We have demonstrated such a possibility for picosecond pulses theoretically and experimentally, and both configurations of pre- and postcompensation by a β-barium borate crystal have been studied in detail. Cascaded second-order nonlinearity-based compensation for self-focusing may provide an auxiliary means to the conventional B-integral control techniques.     

Continuous-Wave Four-Wave Mixing via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Double-∧ Configuration

We investigate continuous-wave four-wave mixing via electromagnetically induced transparency in double-∧ con-figuration by using Schroedinger-Maxwell formalism. We derive the corresponding explicit analytical expressions.     

High－Power Blue Light Generation by External Frequency Doubling of an Optical Parametric Oscillator ＊

We report on an all-solid-state high-power quasi-continuous blue light source by the frequency doubling of asignal wave from an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). A 50-mm-long LiB305 (LBO) crystal is used for theOPO, which is pumped by a diode-pumped Nd:YAG green laser (1OkHz, 50ns). Tunable blue emission in a newnonlinear crystal BiB306 (BiBO) is obtained with a wavelength range from 450 to 495 nm. The average power ofthe signal output is as high as 9.3 W from 924 to 970nm. The maximum output of the blue laser with the secondharmonic walk-off compensation is 1.3W average power at 470nm for 6.2W of OPO signal light at 940nm.     

连续波化学氧碘激光器O_2（~1Δ_g）／Ⅰ_2最佳配比的理论分析与实验研究

通过对连续波ＣＯＩＬ小信号增益的分析得到，对连续波ＣＯＩＬ，Ｏ＿２（￣１Δ＿ｇ）／Ⅰ＿２存在最佳配比；实验结果表明：Ｏ＿２（￣１Δ＿ｇ）／Ⅰ＿２最佳配比约为５０～６０。通过建立一维预混模型，进一步研究了ＣＯＩＬ小信号增益以及—维空间分布依赖于Ｏ＿２（￣１Δ＿ｇ）／Ⅰ＿２配比的变化规律，当ｇ＿ｍＬ＿ｅ值依赖于Ｏ＿２（￣１Δ＿ｇ）／Ⅰ＿２配比（约４０～６０）而取极大值时，ＣＯＩＬ系统处于最佳工作状态。     

未来武器的物理学基础

 海湾战争的事实表明,现代战场已成为高科技武器的竞技场。展望未来,将会有更多的高科技武器投入战场。目前世界各国正在研制、试验的高科技未来武器的名目不少,其中进展较快、有希望投入实用的主要是激光武器、微波波束武器、粒子束武器、电磁炮和次声武器等。听其名称,这些未来武器似乎很玄奥,但它们都是以基本的物理学理论作依托的。     

实现原子间脱离实体的量子态传输

1993年，BennettC等提出了一个量子态隐形传输(quantum teleportation)的方案：利用两个系统(A粒子和B粒子)之间的量子纠缠，将位于A方的P粒子量子态传输给B粒子．具体步骤是：(1)令A粒子和B粒子纠缠；(2)制备将要传输的相干叠加量子态     

90年代天体物理对物理学的挑战（续）

９０年代天体物理对物理学的挑战（续）杨祥（高等教育出版社物理室，北京１００００９）２．３高能天体物理观测项目１）康普顿（γ射线）空间天文台（ＣＧＲＯ）ＣＧＲＯ由美国戈达德（Ｇｏｄｄａｒｄ）空间飞行中心高能天体物理实验室负责研制，于１９７９年开始设计，...