高技术用混合气体节制冷循环

高技术用混合气体节制冷循环吴沛宜，许名尧（西安交通大学动力系西安７１００４９）关键词：技术，气体，制冷循环。ＴＨＥＴＨＲＯＴＴＬＩＮＧＲＥＦＲＩＧＥＲＡＴＩＯＮＣＹＣＬＥＳＵＳＩＮＧＭＩＸＩＮＧＧＡＳＥＳＵＳＥＤＩＮＨＩＧＨＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥ￥ＷｕＰ...     

（GdO）3BO3：Eu^3＋的合成及其荧光与结构的关系

以Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３为助熔剂合成了（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３纯物相，并利用多晶Ｘ射线衍射研究了（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３的结构，根据（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３所属空间群中等效点系的对称性及Ｅｕ＾３＋的荧光光谱，推断出Ｇｄ＾３＋在（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３中所处格位的点对称性为Ｃ１，Ｃ２或Ｃ３。     

新型（Pb,Cd）—1222相化合物的制备,结构和电学性质

本成功地合成了一系列新型Ｐｂ－１２２２相层状铜氧化物（Ｐｂ０．５Ｃｄ０．５）（Ｓｒ０．９Ｒ０．１）２（Ｒ‘０．７Ｃｅ０．３）２Ｃｕ２Ｏｚ，Ｒ＝Ｒ’＝Ｙ，Ｐｒ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｄｙ，Ｈｏ以有（Ｒ，Ｒ‘）＝（Ｌａ，Ｅｕ），Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ），（Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ），（Ｌａ，Ｇｄ），（Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ），（Ｎｄ，Ｄｙ），（Ｎｄ，Ｙ），（Ｎｄ，Ｅｒ）。     

γ暴研究的重大突破：首次观测到γ暴的光学和X射线余辉

意大利和荷兰联合发射的卫星ＢｅｐｐｏＳＡＸ在１９９７年２月２８日探测到γ暴ＧＲＢ９７０２２８的Ｘ射线余辉，随后的地面和哈勃空间望远镜的观测证实在该位置上有一光学瞬变源。哈勃空间望远镜在此光学变源方位观测到一暗的河外天体。     

离心叶栅内气固两相流动的数值模拟

离心叶栅内气固两相流动的数值模拟蔡体菁，王文琪，郁斌（东南大学动力工程系南京２１００１８）关键词：离心叶栅，粒子轨迹，龙格－库塔方法。ＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＭＯＤＥＬＩＮＧＦＯＲＧＡＳ－ＳＯＬＩＤＳＦＬＯＷＳＴＨＲＯＵＧＨＡＣＥＮＴＲＩＦＵＧＡＬＣＡＳＣ...     

新型（Pb，Cd）－1222相化合物的制备、结构和电学性质

本文成功地合成了一系列新型Ｐｂ－１２２２相层状铜氧化物（Ｐｂ０．５Ｃｄ０．５）（Ｓｒ０．９Ｒ０．１）２（Ｒ＇０．７Ｃｅ０．３）２。Ｃｕ２Ｏｘ，Ｒ＝Ｒ＇＝Ｙ，Ｐｒ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｄｙ，Ｈｏ以及（Ｒ，Ｒ’）＝（Ｌａ，Ｅｕ），（Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ），（Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ），（Ｌａ，Ｇｄ），（Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ），（Ｎｄ，Ｅｕ），（Ｎｄ，Ｄｙ），（Ｎｄ，Ｙ），（Ｎｄ，Ｅｒ）．Ｘ－射线衍射和电子衍射表明它们属于四方晶系，其结构与（Ｐｂ，ＣＵ）－１２２２相结构相似．其中（Ｒ＇，Ｒ＇）＝（Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ）的样品在氧气中成相得到２３Ｋ的超导转变临界温度．     

介绍国际电工委员会第81技术委员会的工作

介绍国际电工委员会第８１技术委员会的工作林维勇（机械工业部设计研究院，北京１０００８１）（收稿日期：１９９８－０６－０１）ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＩＮＧＷＯＲＫＯＦＩＥＣ┐ＴＣ８１ＬｉｎＷｅｉｙｏｎｇ（ＰｒｏｊｅｃｔＰｌａｎｎｉｎｇａｎｄＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎ...     

（Bi，Pb）_2Sr_2（R，Ce）_2Cu_2O_（10＋δ）超导体碘嵌入后

超导体系（Ｐｂ１．８Ｐｂ０．２）Ｓｒ２（Ｒ１．７Ｃｅ０．３）Ｃｕ２Ｏ１０＋δ（Ｒ＝Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ，Ｙ）经碘嵌入后形成一个Ｃ轴拉长的新结构．每个式子可含一个碘原子．碘使每个（ＢｉＯ）双层膨胀３．４至３．６Ａ，体系氧含量减少从而导致Ｔｃ下降．与其它超导体系相比，碘嵌入的样品的（ＣｕＯ２）面间距很大，但Ｒ＝Ｓｍ，Ｎｄ的样品仍然超导，这意味着（ＣｕＯ２）面间偶台对超导性产生并不重要．     

石化企业典型雷害成因及防护技术初探

石化企业典型雷害成因及防护技术初探娄仁杰张雷周本谋（中国石化总公司安全技术研究所，大连１１６０３１）（收稿日期：１９９８－０５－２５）ＴＹＰＩＣＡＬＣＡＵＳＥＳＯＦＦＯＲＭＩＮＧＬＩＧＨＴＮＩＮＧＤＡＭＡＧＥＳＡＮＤＬＩＧＨＴＮＩＮＧＰＲＯＴＥＣＴＩ...     

Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)非有机溶剂液液萃取行为的研究

本文研究了ＰＥＧ２０００铬菁Ｒ（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４体系对Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）、Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）的非有机溶剂萃取行为。指出在ｐＨ＝５的（ＮａＡｃＨＡｃ）水溶液中，有（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４存在下，Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）可被ＰＥＧ相几乎完全萃取，而Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）则基本上不被萃取。从而获得了Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）与Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）混合离子的定量分离。     

线性常微分方程的保线性变换及其应用

研究了线性常微分方程的保线性变换，得到任意两个二阶线性常微分方程等价的条件，并用于求解一类二阶线性变系数齐次常微分方程．对数学物理方法教学中怎样通过适当的变换把给定的二阶线性变系数齐次常微分方程化为可解的方程给出了合理解释。     

Solitary Wave in Linear ODE with Variable Coefficients

In this paper, the linear ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients are obtained from thecontrolling equations satisfied by wavelet transform or atmospheric internal gravity waves, and these linear equationscan be further transformed into Weber equations. From Weber equations, the homoclinic orbit solutions can be derived,so the solitary wave solutions to linear equations with variable coefficients are obtained.     

DYNAMIC BUCKLING OF A CYLINDRICAL SHELL WITH VARIABLE THICKNESS SUBJECT TO A TIME-DEPENDENT EXTERNAL PRESSURE VARYING AS A POWER FUNCTION OF TIME

In this study, the dynamic buckling of an elastic cylindrical shell with variable thickness, subject to a uniform external pressure which is a power function of time, has been considered. Initially, the fundamental relations and Donnell-type dynamic buckling equation of an elastic cylindrical shell with variable thickness have been obtained. Then, employing Galerkin's method, these equations have been reduced to a time-dependent differential equation with variable coefficients. Finally, applying a special Ritz-type method, the critical static and dynamic loads, the corresponding wave numbers and dynamic factor have been found analytically. Using those results, the effects of the variation of the thickness with a linear, a parabolic or an exponential function in the axial direction and the effect of the variation of the power of time in the external pressure expression are studied using pertinent computations. It is observed that these effects change appreciably the critical parameters of the problem. The present method has been verified, comparing the results of the present work and those of previous works in the literature, for a shell with constant thickness subject to a uniform external pressure varying linearly with time.     

截断展开方法和广义变系数KdV方程新的精确类孤子解

利用特殊的截断展开方法求出了广义变系数KdV方程新的类孤子解.这种方法的基本思想是假定形式解具有截断展开形式,以致可把广义变系数KdV方程转化为一组待定函数的代数方程组,进而给出待定函数容易积分的常微分方程.利用例子证明了这种方法是十分有效的. 关键词： 截断展开法 变系数 KdV方程 孤波解     

变系数广义Gardner方程的微分不变量及群分类

应用李无穷小不变规则,得到了变系数广义Gardner方程的连续等价变换.从等价代数开始,构造了一阶微分不变量并依据微分不变量对方程作了群分类.最后,通过等价变换将变系数Gardner 方程映射为常系数mKdV方程、KdV-mKdV方程.同时,也得到了变系数广义Gardner方程的一些精确解. 关键词： 李无穷小不变规则 微分不变量 群分类 变系数广义 Gardner方程     

带强迫项变系数组合KdV方程的无穷序列复合型类孤子新解

为了获得变系数非线性发展方程的无穷序列复合型新解,研究了G′(ξ)G(ξ)展开法.通过引入一种函数变换,把常系数二阶齐次线性常微分方程的求解问题转化为一元二次方程和Riccati方程的求解问题.在此基础上,利用Riccati方程解的非线性叠加公式,获得了常系数二阶齐次线性常微分方程的无穷序列复合型新解.借助这些复合型新解与符号计算系统Mathematica,构造了带强迫项变系数组合KdV方程的无穷序列复合型类孤子新精确解.     

On radially symmetric vibrations of orthotropic non-uniform disks including shear deformation

This paper deals with the free axisymmetric vibrations of orthotropic circular plates with linear variation in thickness. The analysis is based on a set of two differential equations derived by an extension of Mindlin's shear theory for plates. On simplification and algebraic manipulation, one of the dependent variables is eliminated from the governing equations of motion, giving rise to a fourth order linear differential equation with variable coefficients. The resulting differential equation is solved numerically by the Chebyshev collocation technique. Frequencies and mode shapes for the first five modes of vibration are computed for different plates.     

An effective method for finding special solutions of nonlinear differential equations with variable coefficients

There are many interesting methods can be utilized to construct special solutions of nonlinear differential equations with constant coefficients. However, most of these methods are not applicable to nonlinear differential equations with variable coefficients. A new method is presented in this Letter, which can be used to find special solutions of nonlinear differential equations with variable coefficients. This method is based on seeking appropriate Bernoulli equation corresponding to the equation studied. Many well-known equations are chosen to illustrate the application of this method.     

变系数瞬态热传导问题边界元格式的特征正交分解降阶方法

提出了一种基于边界元法求解变系数瞬态热传导问题的特征正交分解(POD)降阶方法,重组并推导出变系数瞬态热传导问题适合降阶的边界元离散积分方程,建立了变系数瞬态热传导问题边界元格式的POD降阶模型,并用常数边界条件下建立的瞬态热传导问题的POD降阶模态,对光滑时变边界条件瞬态热传导问题进行降阶分析.首先,对一个变系数瞬态热传导问题,建立其边界域积分方程,并将域积分转换成边界积分;其次,离散并重组积分方程,获得可用于降阶分析的矩阵形式的时间微分方程组;最后,用POD模态矩阵对该时间微分方程组进行降阶处理,建立降阶模型并对其求解.数值算例验证了本文方法的正确性和有效性.研究表明:1)常数边界条件下建立的低阶POD模态矩阵,能够用来准确预测复杂光滑时变边界条件下的温度场结果;2)低阶模型的建立,解决了边界元法中采用时间差分推进技术求解大型时间微分方程组时求解速度慢、算法稳定性差的问题.     

FREE VIBRATIONS OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED PIEZOCERAMIC HOLLOW SPHERES WITH RADIAL POLARIZATION

By introducing displacement functions as well as stress functions, two independent state equations with variable coefficients are established from the three-dimensional equations of a radially inhomogeneous spherically isotropic piezoelastic medium. By virtue of the laminated approximation method, the state equations are then transformed into the ones with constant variables in each layer, and the state variable solutions are presented. Based on the solutions, linear algebraic equations about the state variables only at the inner and outer spherical surfaces are derived by utilizing the continuity conditions at each interface. Frequency equations corresponding to two independent classes of vibrations are finally obtained from the free surface conditions. Numerical calculations are presented and the effect of the material gradient index on natural frequencies is discussed.