基于计算机实测技术的音叉固有频率测量

采用计算机实测技术进行音叉固有频率的测量,并与教材上所采用的实验方法进行比较.对比原方法,采用计算机实测技术进行的测量更加直观简便,结果也更准确.     

基于固有频率和迈克耳孙干涉测杨氏模量

基于材料的固有振动性质,结合迈克耳孙干涉测量的高精度,将待测材料和全反镜进行固性连接,通过测量干涉中心点光强的周期变化研究材料的固有振动频率,计算出材料的杨氏模量.实验将测量对象转换为振动频率,间接测量杨氏模量.同时,振动频率的变化可以通过示波器直观显示,固有频率振动稳定且起振操作简单,可通过增加周期数量减小误差.     

含裂纹纳米板振动问题的哈密顿体系方法

基于裂纹处范德华力效应,采用非局部弹性理论构造纳米板模型,并通过导入哈密顿体系建立含裂纹纳米板振动问题的对偶正则控制方程组。在全状态向量表示的哈密顿体系下,将含裂纹纳米板的固有频率和振型问题归结为广义辛本征值和本征解问题。利用哈密顿体系具有的辛共轭正交关系,得到问题解的级数解析表达式。结合边界条件,得到固有频率与辛本征值的代数方程关系式,进而直接给出固有频率的表达式。数值结果表明,非局部尺寸参数和裂纹长度对纳米板振动的各阶固有频率有直接的影响。对比表明,辛方法是准确且可靠的,可为工程应用提供依据。     

初探声波裂杯实验

利用中学实验室现有的器材和自制装置演示了声波裂杯实验。     

一种不规范的斯特姆-刘维本征值问题

由于端点系有集中质量的弹性杆的振动问题的边界条件不是斯特姆－刘维本征值问题所要求的边界条件，分离变数所得到的函数系{Xn(x)}不是正交函数系，故求解十分困难，本文提出一种变换，将其边界条件化为第一类，第二类或第三类边界条件，此时{Xn(x)}为正交完备函数系，问题大为简化，最后给出了几种不同端点情况下此类问题的解。     

气体比热比值γ测定仪的设计及其特性

本文介绍用共振法测量空气弹簧振子固有频率，从而测定气体值比热比值的方法。装置简单，实验结果与理论值吻合。     

利用强迫振动扭摆方法测灵敏电流计临界外电阻

把灵敏电流计的张丝及线圈作为扭摆,用正弦讯号发生器作驱动源,扭摆在驱动电流的作用下做受迫振动．利用扭摆作稳态受迫振动的共振频率公式以及电流计全临界电阻与电流计结构参量的关系推导出测量灵敏电流计临界外电阻的公式．     

扁薄锥壳在周边弯矩和横向载荷共同作用下的非线性振动

从问题的变分方程和协调方程出发,选取扁锥壳中心最大振幅为摄动参数,采用摄动变分法,对周边简支的扁薄锥壳在周边弯矩和横向载荷共同作用下的非线性振动问题进行了求解.一次近似得到了扁薄锥壳在静载荷作用下的线性固有频率,二次近似得到了扁薄锥壳在静载荷作用下的精确度较高的非线性固有频率.并给出了小变形时固有频率与周边弯矩、横向载荷、振幅以及锥底角之间非线性关系的三次近似解析表达式,数值结果的图形反映了在一定范围内固有频率和各参数之间非线性关系的复杂性和规律性.     

固有频率法评估损伤的阈值研究

通过分析损伤可测性的影响因素,对固有频率法判断损伤阈值的估算方法进行了研究,并以 悬臂梁模型为例,应用该方法研究了悬臂梁的损伤阈值. 数值及理论计算的结果表明：在已 知频率测量精度及方法偏差时,该方法可以判别固有频率法损伤识别的阈值,在早期损伤阶 段,该方法判别的阈值与数值模拟结果吻合良好.     

Free vibration of functionally graded material beams with surface-bonded piezoelectric layers in thermal environment

Free vibration of statically thermal postbuckled functionally graded material （FGM） beams with surface-bonded piezoelectric layers subject to both temperature rise and voltage is studied. By accurately considering the axial extension and based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, geometrically nonlinear dynamic governing equations for FGM beams with surface-bonded piezoelectric layers subject to thermo-electro- mechanical loadings are formulated. It is assumed that the material properties of the middle FGM layer vary continuously as a power law function of the thickness coordinate, and the piezoelectric layers are isotropic and homogenous. By assuming that the amplitude of the beam vibration is small and its response is harmonic, the above mentioned non-linear partial differential equations are reduced to two sets of coupled ordinary differential equations. One is for the postbuckling, and the other is for the linear vibration of the beam superimposed upon the postbuckled configuration. Using a shooting method to solve the two sets of ordinary differential equations with fixed-fixed boundary conditions numerically, the response of postbuckling and free vibration in the vicinity of the postbuckled configuration of the beam with fixed-fixed ends and subject to transversely nonuniform heating and uniform electric field is obtained. Thermo-electric postbuckling equilibrium paths and characteristic curves of the first three natural frequencies versus the temperature, the electricity, and the material gradient parameters are plotted. It is found that the three lowest frequencies of the prebuckled beam decrease with the increase of the temperature, but those of a buckled beam increase monotonically with the temperature rise. The results also show that the tensional force produced in the piezoelectric layers by the voltage can efficiently increase the critical buckling temperature and the natural frequency.