固有频率法评估损伤的阈值研究

通过分析损伤可测性的影响因素,对固有频率法判断损伤阈值的估算方法进行了研究,并以 悬臂梁模型为例,应用该方法研究了悬臂梁的损伤阈值. 数值及理论计算的结果表明：在已 知频率测量精度及方法偏差时,该方法可以判别固有频率法损伤识别的阈值,在早期损伤阶 段,该方法判别的阈值与数值模拟结果吻合良好.     

Free vibration of functionally graded material beams with surface-bonded piezoelectric layers in thermal environment

Free vibration of statically thermal postbuckled functionally graded material （FGM） beams with surface-bonded piezoelectric layers subject to both temperature rise and voltage is studied. By accurately considering the axial extension and based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, geometrically nonlinear dynamic governing equations for FGM beams with surface-bonded piezoelectric layers subject to thermo-electro- mechanical loadings are formulated. It is assumed that the material properties of the middle FGM layer vary continuously as a power law function of the thickness coordinate, and the piezoelectric layers are isotropic and homogenous. By assuming that the amplitude of the beam vibration is small and its response is harmonic, the above mentioned non-linear partial differential equations are reduced to two sets of coupled ordinary differential equations. One is for the postbuckling, and the other is for the linear vibration of the beam superimposed upon the postbuckled configuration. Using a shooting method to solve the two sets of ordinary differential equations with fixed-fixed boundary conditions numerically, the response of postbuckling and free vibration in the vicinity of the postbuckled configuration of the beam with fixed-fixed ends and subject to transversely nonuniform heating and uniform electric field is obtained. Thermo-electric postbuckling equilibrium paths and characteristic curves of the first three natural frequencies versus the temperature, the electricity, and the material gradient parameters are plotted. It is found that the three lowest frequencies of the prebuckled beam decrease with the increase of the temperature, but those of a buckled beam increase monotonically with the temperature rise. The results also show that the tensional force produced in the piezoelectric layers by the voltage can efficiently increase the critical buckling temperature and the natural frequency.     

Three-to-one internal resonance in multiple stepped beam systems

In this study, the vibrations of multiple stepped beams with cubic nonlinearities are considered. A three-to-one internal resonance case is investigated for the system. A general approximate solution to the problem is found using the method of multiple scales （a perturbation technique）. The modulation equations of the amplitudes and the phases are derived for two modes. These equations are utilized to determine steady state solutions and their stabilities. It is assumed that the external forcing frequency is close to the lower frequency. For the numeric part of the study, the three-to-one ratio in natural frequencies is investigated. These values are observed to be between the first and second natural frequencies in the cases of the clamped-clamped and clamped-pinned supports, and between the second and third natural frequencies in the case of the pinned-pinned support. Finally, a numeric algorithm is used to solve the three-to-one internal resonance. The first mode is externally excited for the clamped-clamped and clamped-pinned supports, and the second mode is externally excited for the pinned-pinned support. Then, the amplitudes of the first and second modes are investigated when the first mode is externally excited. The amplitudes of the second and third modes are investigated when the second mode is externally excited. The force-response, damping-response, and .frequency- response curves are plotted for the internal resonance modes of vibrations. The stability analysis is carried out for these plots.     

磁场对铁磁结构动态特性的影响

研究了两种铁磁材料结构(板梁和圆柱壳)在不同的磁场下固有频率的变化。频谱分析仪产生的扫频正弦信号通过压电陶瓷片对试件进行激励;压电薄膜作为感知元件再把感知信号送回频谱分析仪。根据共振原理,从频谱分析仪的频率响应曲线可以得到试件的各阶固有频率。通过改变外加磁场的大小,用同样的方法可以得到不同磁场下的固有频率。实验结果表明,铁磁板梁固有频率的变化很大程度上依赖于所施加磁场的方向:当磁场顺着板梁的长度方向时,板梁的固有频率会随着外加磁场的增大而增大;然而当磁场施加在板梁的厚度方向时,固有频率是先降低然后再升高。对铁磁材料圆柱壳,当磁场顺着圆柱壳的轴线方向增大时固有频率是逐渐增大然后达到一个饱和值。     

转动刚体上固结悬臂梁系统的动力学数值分析

本文首先用Ｊｏｒｄａｉｎ变分原理建立了转动刚体上固结悬臂梁系统的动力学方程，然后用数值方法分析了转动梁的变形频率，对系统的自由振动、受迫运动及共振现象等仿真结果作出了解释。     

埋在土中的输液管道的耦联振动

本文对平面应变情况下,管道、流体与外土壤介质三者间的耦联振动进行了精确分析。在严格满足所有耦合边界条件的情况下,导出了系统自由振动的频率方程,并给出了各参数对最低阶固有频率影响的数值结果。当对更复杂水一管一土耦合系统进行数值解时,本文结果可作为检验其精度的一个依据。     

单层短程线网壳结构模型试验研究

模型试验是全面掌握工程结构基本特性的有效手段之一。根据模型相似理论设计并制作了单层短程线网壳结构模型,同时设计了可动砝码加载方案,加工制作了砝码及支托。对结构杆件进行了材料拉伸试验,对结构模型进行了静载试验和模态试验研究,成功获得了结构模型的静内力分布规律及模态参数。试验结果与有限元计算结果对比分析表明,静载试验结果与有限元计算结果吻合较好,模态试验结果与有限元计算结果吻合稍差。所采用的加载方案、试验手段及分析方法对类似的模型试验研究都具有一定的参考价值,所得到的试验数据为大型空间网格结构实际工程的在线损伤识别及健康监测研究提供了第一手资料。     

变质量密度简支梁横向振动的模态局部化

结构动力学领域的模态局部化现象最早由Hodges发现，主要发生在周期结构中．例如螺旋桨之类的循环对称结构、连续梁以及通信天线等大型空间桁架结构。发生摸态局部化现象时．振动能量集中于结构局部，容易造成结构破坏。实际上．模态局部化现象已经造成了一些损害．特别是在航宅航天领域。目前研究模态局部化现象时主要采用简单模型，例如周期分布的弹簧质量系统、均匀连续粱，O．O．Bendiksen研究了密度周期分布杆的纵向和扭转振动，求解了该问题的控制方程Mauthieu方程。本文基于Floquet解用Fourier级数法求解了变质量密度简支梁的横向振动问题，得到了固有频率和模态、并观察到了固有频率分组现象和模态局部化现象。求解特征值问题的过程中应用了连分式技术，有效的提高了计算精度。     

正交正放类网架结构固有频率及屈曲分析的样条Galerkin法

本文根据考虑剪切变形的具有３个广州位移的平板弯曲理论，把正交正放类平板网架假设为由三层不同性质材料组成的各向正交异性夹层析。文中双５次Ｂ样条函数中的一组基底作为试函数，用加权残值法中的离散型Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ法，导出了这类网架的频率方程屈曲方程。数值算例表明，这种方法是方便而精确的。     

关于扁担的力学

 一根简单的扁担, 体现了等强度梁、固有频率、受迫振动等诸 多的力学问题, 对扁担的力学行为的研究揭示了扁担何以有如此优良 的传递载荷的性能.