季铵型阳离子蔗渣纤维素对甘蔗清汁的澄清研究

利用新型的季铵型阳离子蔗渣纤维素作为澄清剂,对甘蔗清汁进行吸附脱色研究.本实验在单因素试验结果的基础上,分别选取纯度提高率和色值降低率作为考查指标,利用SPSS软件进行正交试验的设计和数据分析.通过最佳工艺参数的优化试验,得出如下结论:反应温度为80℃、蔗汁中阳离子蔗渣纤维素复合物的加入量为0.4g/100mL甘蔗清汁、接触时间为40min、pH值8.     

Solving nonlinear integer programs with large-scale optimization software

This paper describes recent experience in tackling large nonlinear integer programming problems using the MINOS large-scale optimization software. A technique is presented for extending the constrained search approach used in MINOS to exploring integer-feasible solutions once a continuous optimal solution is obtained. Computational experience with this approach is described for two classes of problems: quadratic assignment problems and pipeline network design problems.     

Variational Quantum Chemistry Programs in JaqalPaq

We present example quantum chemistry programs written with JaqalPaq, a python meta-programming language used to code in Jaqal (Just Another Quantum Assembly Language). These JaqalPaq algorithms are intended to be run on the Quantum Scientific Computing Open User Testbed (QSCOUT) platform at Sandia National Laboratories. Our exemplars use the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) quantum algorithm to compute the ground state energies of the H2, HeH+, and LiH molecules. Since the exemplars focus on how to program in JaqalPaq, the calculations of the second-quantized Hamiltonians are performed with the PySCF python package, and the mappings of the fermions to qubits are obtained from the OpenFermion python package. Using the emulator functionality of JaqalPaq, we emulate how these exemplars would be executed on an error-free QSCOUT platform and compare the emulated computation of the bond-dissociation curves for these molecules with their exact forms within the relevant basis.     

高温吸热管内超临界CO2传热特性的数值模拟

研究超临界CO2在高温吸热管内的传热特性是将其应用于聚光太阳能热发电技术中的基础.本文对此进行了数值模拟研究,分析了流体温度、流动方向、系统压力、质量流率和热流密度对对流传热系数和Nu数的影响.结果表明:高温区(800—1050 K)的对流传热系数和Nu数受流动方向和系统压力的影响均很小,但都随着质量流率的增大以及热流密度的减小而明显增大;而随着流体温度的升高,对流传热系数近似线性增大,Nu数则近似线性减小.另外,本文研究发现在高温区可忽略浮升力对传热的影响,而由高热流密度引起的流动加速效应会明显恶化传热.最后,选取了八种管内超临界流体传热关联式与模拟结果进行对比,发现使用基于热物性修正的关联式对高温区传热数据预测的结果优于使用基于无量纲数修正的关联式得到的结果,且其中预测效果最优的关联式得到的计算结果与模拟结果之间的平均绝对相对偏差为8.1%.     

基于MATLAB的GPS软件接收机捕获与跟踪算法实现

研究了GPS软件接收机的捕获和跟踪算法,并基于Matlab软件平台和射频前端在PC上实现了GPS软件接收机样机。介绍了GPS软件接收机的结构和数据采集硬件,讨论了GPSC/A码的特性、产生原理以及捕获过程。针对传统的串行搜索算法慢的缺点以及高动态GPS软件接收机的特点,在该样机中实现了快速的基于循环卷积的并行捕获算法,并联合使用超前滞后环和对相位反转不敏感的科斯塔斯锁相环分别对码相位和多普勒频偏进行跟踪,解调得到导航电文。仿真和测试结果表明,使用GPS软件接收机进行信号处理的思想使用户在算法处理和软件升级等方面具有更大的灵活性,可应用于下一代任何全球导航卫星定位系统(GNSS)和空基增强系统(SBAS)接收机的设计。     

A novel (18)O inverse labeling-based workflow for accurate bottom-up mass spectrometry quantification of proteins separated by gel electrophoresis

In the present work we report on a novel and fast protocol for accurate bottom-up protein quantification that overcomes the drawbacks of in-gel digestion and MALDI analysis, while maintaining their benefits. It relies on the following steps: (i) gel electrophoresis separation of proteins, (ii) fast in-gel protein digestion with trypsin, (iii) (18)O-labeling through the decoupled method, (iv) quantification through selected peptides previously chosen using the (18)O inverse labeling approach and that, finally, (v) it takes advantage of software specifically developed to select the peptides that will drive the quantification of the protein in an automated mode. We have accurately quantified the following six proteins: glycogen phosphorylase, BSA, ovalbumin, carbonic anhydrase, trypsin inhibitor, and α-lactalbumin. As a case study we have quantified the protein vitellogenin in plasma of Cyprinus carpio exposed to high levels of estrogens. The proposed new protocol was validated against the traditional ELISA method; both were found to provide comparable results (non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test).     

PN结伏安特性的实验研究

介绍了验证PN结伏安关系特性实验的实验原理,并利用绘图软件Origin7.5对实验数据进行处理.结果表明,PN结的扩散电流和两端的正向电压之间满足指数关系.通过与理论公式的比较,准确地测出了玻尔兹曼常数.     

用计算机辅助测量液体的粘滞系数

主要说明用自制光电门配合计算机辅助测量液体粘滞系数的原理和方法,当小球挡住光电门的光路时,会使光敏管产生一个电脉冲,可以利用计算机声卡配合audition软件捕捉这个脉冲,从而实现小球下落时间的测量,提高实验的精确度。     

基于MATLAB软件对不同偏振光在不同介质中的传播过程的动态模拟

利用MATLAB软件对不同偏振光在真空、各向同性介质、线型各向异性介质以及圆型各向异性介质中的传播过程进行了三维动态模拟,能够加深学生对光的偏振概念以及各种偏振光与不同介质之间相互作用原理的理解。