Euler solution using adaptive Cartesian grid with a gridless boundary treatment

A quadtree-based adaptive Cartesian grid generator and flow solver were developed. The grid adaptation based on pressure or density gradient was performed and a gridless method based on the least-square fashion was used to treat the wall surface boundary condition, which is generally difficult to be handled for the common Cartesian grid. First, to validate the technique of grid adaptation, the benchmarks over a forward-facing step and double Mach reflection were computed. Second, the flows over the NACA 0012 airfoil and a two-element airfoil were calculated to validate the developed gridless method. The computational results indi- cate the developed method is reasonable for complex flows.     

光纤位移干涉仪在爆轰加载飞片速度测量中的应用

利用光学多普勒效应和外差方法搭建了一台光纤位移干涉仪。装置采用光通信行业中已经发展成熟的器件,主要由带尾纤的半导体激光器、三端口环形器、光纤探头、宽带探测器以及宽带高采样率示波器等构成。整个装置结构简单,价格便宜,采用了信号光和参考光同轴结构,实现了任意反射面的速度测量,克服了偏振模式色散的影响,能够实现长量程测量,量程达到20 mm。利用该装置进行了爆轰加载下飞片速度测量,测量最高速度达到1 300 m/s,工作距离达到20 mm,同时利用VISAR对飞片速度进行了对比测量,结果表明用两种不同方法所测得的速度曲线吻合很好。     

应用数字散斑相关技术研究缺口根部高温疲劳变形

应用数字散斑相关技术研究了耐热合金试件在450°环境中缺口根部的弹塑性变形及其与疲劳循环次数的相关性。疲劳试验在单边带缺口的拉伸板状试件上进行。试件由耐热合金GH4169材料制成,试件表面预先通过离子溅射法制作了离散的金粒散斑图。试验采用逐级循环加载和疲劳循环加载交替的方式进行。首先进行逐级循环加载,将最大载荷Pmax平均分成8级,由0逐级加载至最大载荷,再由最大载荷逐级卸载至0;同时由图像系统半自动地、连续同步地采集系列散斑图。然后按0→Pmax→0加载方式,连续进行250次疲劳循环加载。逐级循环加载和疲劳循环加载不断交替,直至疲劳断裂。利用数字散斑相关技术计算出缺口根部的弹塑性应变,进而求出缺口根部应变、名义迟滞回线面积及斜率与疲劳循环次擞的相关性。试验结果对于耐热合金材料的疲劳寿命研究很有意义。     

钢板-混凝土组合加固钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元分析

以10根采用钢板-混凝土组合加固技术加固的钢筋混凝土梁的试验为基础,建立了钢板-混凝土组合加固钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元模型.沿用了钢板-混凝土组合梁有限元分析中栓钉的荷载-滑移曲线及断裂模型,提出了新老混凝土界面的剪切-滑移模型,可以较好地模拟界面受力性能.采用有限元软件ABAQUS,模拟了一次加固、不同损伤加固及持载加固等加载情况下加固构件受力全过程和受弯破坏以及新老混凝土剥离破坏等破坏形态下加固试件的受力性能.在验证了有限元模型的准确性后,分析了钢板厚度、加固部分高度及长度等参数对加固构件承载能力及刚度的影响.最后提出了几点对钢板-混凝土组合加固RC梁的设计建议.     

拉曼光谱技术在中国古玉、古玉器鉴定和研究中的应用

激光拉曼光谱技术是应用于科技考古研究中的高技术之一,属于无损分析研究,但作为一种很好的无损分析方法它在中国古代玉器研究中的应用并不非常广泛。文章首先介绍了激光拉曼光谱技术的基本原理及近几年来国内外的最新进展,然后从矿物结构与拉曼特征峰之间的关系入手比较了目前国内外5种常见玉石的激光拉曼研究结果。然后分别通过对浙江良渚遗址和河南安阳殷墟遗址出土的4件中国古代玉器与新疆和田地区出产的软玉样品进行对比研究,成功地利用激光拉曼光谱技术对一批中国古代玉器进行了无损鉴定,从而阐明该项技术在中国古代玉器结构测试和材质鉴定中是一种很好的无损分析研究方法。最后,讨论了目前激光拉曼光谱技术在中国古玉和古代玉器研究中存在的局限性并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

Gas–liquid two phase flow measurement method based on combination instrument of turbine flowmeter and conductance sensor

In order to solve the flowrate measurement problem of gas–liquid two phase flow widely existing in gas wells of Daqing oil field in China, a new method has been developed, which is based on the combination instrument of turbine flowmeter and conductance sensor with petal type concentrating flow diverter. The turbine and conductance signals under 104 different flow conditions have been acquired through oil–gas–water three phase flow loop experimental facility. To determine the flow pattern in measurement channel, attractor morphologic characteristics are extracted from the conductance signals. For the total flowrate measurement, based on the turbine fluctuant signals of gas–liquid two phase flow, a statistical model with the average error of 7.9% is set up. With regard to the water cut measurement, the characteristics in time and frequency domains are extracted from the fluctuant conductance signals, and then employing the Support Vector Machine (SVM) soft measurement model used in high-dimension data fitting, the water cut prediction is realized with the average error of 0.038. The results show that the combination instrument of turbine flowmeter and conductance sensor with petal type concentrating flow diverter would be useful in measuring the total flowrate and water cut of gas–liquid two phase flow in gas production wells.     

CMP流场的数值模拟及离心力影响分析

化学机械抛光(chemical mechanical polishing,CMP)是一项融合化学分解和机械力学的工艺, 其中包含了流体动力润滑的作用.在已有润滑方程的基础上, 提出并分析了带有离心力项的润滑方程.利用Chebyshev加速超松弛技术对有离心力项的润滑方程进行求解,得到离心力对抛光液压力分布的影响. 数值模拟结果表明,压力分布与不带离心力项的润滑方程得出的明显不同;无量纲载荷和转矩随中心膜厚、转角、倾角、抛光垫旋转角速度等参数的变化趋势相同,但数值相差较大, 抛光垫旋转角速度越大差别越大.      

基于界带模型的碳纳米管声子谱的辛分析

针对碳纳米管声子谱的数值计算方法研究,基于对偶体系和辛几何算法提出了一套全新的计算方法和相应的界带结构模型,通过将碳纳米管模拟成不同的结构力学模型,利用分析结构力学中的振动理论来计算碳纳米管的色散关系.理论框架包括:周期结构的变分原理、周期结构中波的传播分析、子结构方法、界带理论和声子色散关系的基本算法.数值算例验证了理论和算法的有效性,而且也指出了针对碳纳米管的声子谱的计算,界带模型相对于其它传统模型存在着一定的优势.     

Function approximation-based sliding mode adaptive control

For the position tracking in DC motor with unknown bound time-varying dead zone uncertainties, a novel sliding mode adaptive controller is proposed by means of sliding mode and function approximation technique in this paper. First, control law with an uncertain term and another compensative term is obtained using sliding mode technique, and then the function approximation technique is employed to transform the uncertain term into finite combinations of orthonormal basis functions. The concrete expressions of uncertain term and compensative term can thus be derived based on the Lyapunov design. Actual system control experiments of the sliding adaptive control proposed are given.     

孔周弹塑性变形与疲劳循环次数的相关性

应用白光散斑相关技术研究了孔周弹塑性变形与疲劳循环次数的相关性,以便探索疲劳寿命的预测方法.疲劳实验在单边带缺口的拉伸板状试件上进行,试件由GH4169材料制成,试件表面上喷涂了白光散斑图.疲劳加载采用0→Pmax→0的循环加载方式,加载波形为正弦波,加载频率为10Hz.实验中,按一定的疲劳循环周次在零载及最大载荷两种状态下停机、采图.应用数字图像相关技术求出孔周附近的残余位移场,并应用逐点最小二乘法求出应变场.实验中获得了一些对于疲劳寿命研究很有意义的结果.