Surface solid-state interactions in copper-nickel-cement catalysts for hydrogenation of oxygen

The surface phase composition of alumocalcium cement-supported CuO and CuO-NiO catalysts prepared by chemical mixing has been studied using the method of thermo-vacuum curves of electric conductivity. The deactivation of these catalysts due to overheating to 800 °C under conditions of hydrogenation of oxygen is rationalized by the partial extraction of CuO (and NiO) from the stabilizing structure of the support solid solutions and by sintering of the extracted oxides and the reduced metallic phase. Complete regeneration of the CuO-NiO-talum catalysts can be achieved if a considerable amount (20%) of copper hydroxocarbonate is added.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1559–1562, September, 1994.     

电吸附技术的应用与研究

本文综述了活性炭、活性炭纤维、炭气凝胶及活性氧化铝等材料的电吸附/脱附技术的研究进展。主要介绍了其在去除水中无机和有机污染物方面的应用，并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。     

Dependence of Elution Curve and Adsorption Isotherms of Insulin on composition of Mobile Phase of Frontal Analysis in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography

With frontal analysis(FA),the dependence of adsorption isotherms of insulin on the composition of mobile phase in reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) has been investigated,This is also a good example to employ the stoichiometric displacement theory (SDT) for ivestigating solute adsorption in physical chemistry.Six kinds of mobile phase in RPLC were employed to study the effects on the elution curves and adsorption isotherms of insulin.the key points of this paper are:(1) the stability of insulin due to delay time after preparing,the organic solvent concentration,the kind and the concentration of ion-pairing agent in mobile phase were found to affect both elution curve and adsorption isotherm very seriously.(2)To obtain a valid and comparable result,the composition of the mobile phase employed in FA must be as same as possible to that in usual RPLC of either analytical scale or preparative purpose.(3)Langmuir Equation and the SDT were employed to imitate these obtained adsorption isotherms.The expression for solute adsorption from solution of the SDT was found to have a better elucidation to the insulin adsorption from mobile phase in RPLC.     

Effect of Oxygen Redistribution on the Normal and Superconducting Properties of Yttrium High‐Temperature Superconductors

An anomaly is found in the vicinity of T_max 560$ K on electric resistance versus temperature curves for yttrium hightemperature superconductors of the 123 phase. Xray phase analysis suggests a structural phase transition in the vicinity of T_max due to oxygen redistribution in the mobile sublattice of this compound. Investigation of samples with Y partially replaced by Ca has shown that the structural phase transition does not depend on carrier concentration in the conduction band.     

Electric parameters of photosystem II particles — electric light scattering study

Electric light scattering and microelectrophoresis were applied to investigate the electric moments (permanent dipole moment and electric polarizability and electrophoretic mobility of envelope-free chloroplasts and photosystem II (PS II particles. The effect of the removal of the extrinsic polypeptides (18, 24 and 33 kDa) on the electric moments was also studied. A significant difference was observed between the orientation behaviour of chloroplasts and PS II preparations. The data indicate that the permanent and induced dipole moments contribute to the orientation of the PS II particles, whereas chloroplasts possess induced dipole moment only.

NaCl and Tris treatments of PS II preparations influence both the transverse permanent dipole moment and the electric polarizability of PS II particles. The increase in the electrophoretic mobility of PS II particles on removal of the extrinsic proteins corresponds to an increase in the electric polarizability value, demonstrating its interfacial nature.     

W／O型微乳液活化能和导电机理研究

电导行为是微乳液的重要性质之一。自Lagourette和Lagues发现了W/O型微乳液电导渗透(Percolation)现象后,人们开始了微乳液导电机理的研究。较流行的观点认为,界面层中表面活性剂分子的阴离子在微乳颗粒碰撞时发生跃迁而使W/O型微乳液具有导电性。     

Structure and Electric Conductivity of (La,Sr)(Ga,Mg)O3-α Solid Electrolyte

Electric conductivity, Raman spectra, and thermal expansion of La_0.88Sr_0.12Ga_0.82Mg_0.18O_2.85 solid solution (LSGM1218) based on lanthanum gallate were studied at various temperatures, and Xray phase analysis was performed at room temperature. Dilatometric measurements showed that secondorder phase transitions occur at 775±10$ and 880± 20 K. The transition around 880 K is confirmed by Raman spectra and by a change in the conductivity activation energy in this temperature range. This transition is associated with a symmetry change in the oxygen sublattice.     

Moment characterization of localized orbitals

The parallel between orbital first and second electric moments and statistical first and second central moments is noted. Three measures of orbital spatial distribution in terms of their moments are proposed, and applied to the LMO's in a series of ten-electron hydrides. Consistent differences between bond and lone pair distributions are found. Using the statistical interpretation, for each LMO an effective solid angle around the central atom is postulated.     

6291型热变形温度和维卡软化温度测试仪的校准及故障排除

介绍6291型热变形温度和维卡软化温度测试仪的温度校准和位移校准方法，对测试仪的一些常见故障，例如电源故障，主温度传感器故障，电加热系统控制单元故障及测试站的温度偏差较大等进行了分析，并给出了排除故障的方法。     

Electric-field-driven deracemization.

We demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, that it is possible to use an electric field to drive the formation of macroscopic chiral (conglomerate) domains from an initially homogeneous fluid racemate. Field-induced segregation is exhibited in a fluid smectic liquid-crystal phase of a racemic mesogen, wherein enantiomerically-enriched domains are readily identifiable by their chiral electro-optical response. The sharp field-generated boundaries that form between opposite-handed domains broaden by diffusion in the absence of field, but reform rapidly if the field is switched on again, providing unambiguous evidence for the field-driven physical separation of enantiomers. A mean-field model successfully describes the steady-state and the dynamic evolution of conglomerate formation.