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71.
The reflection and diffraction of a planar shock wave around a circular cylinder are a typical problem of the complex nonlinear
shock wave phenomena in literature. It has long been studied experimentally, analytically as well as numerically. Takayama
in 1987 obtained clear experimental pictures of isopycnics in shock tube under the condition that the impinging shock wave
propagates as far as 3 diameters away from the cylinder. To know more completely the whole unsteady process, it is desirable
to get experimental results in a region which is more than 10 diameters away from the cylinder. This is what has been done
in this paper by using the pulsed laser holographic interferometry for several shock Mach numbers of the impinging shock.
Results for several moments are shown, giving more knowledge about the whole unsteady flow field. This is useful for a reliable
and complete understanding of the changing force acting on the cylinder, and provides interesting data to check the performance
of many recently developed high resolution numerical methods for unsteady shock wave calculation.
The project suported partially by National Natural Science Foundation of China 相似文献
72.
M. A. Gschwendtner 《Heat and Mass Transfer》2004,40(6-7):561-572
The heat transfer from a rotating cylinder in an air-cross flow was investigated by purely optical measuring techniques. Flow velocities were measured by a two-dimensional LDV both in the vicinity of the cylinder and in the boundary layer. A new optical device based on light-deflection in a temperature field was developed to examine local temperature gradients in the boundary layer of the rotating cylinder. Finally, a Michelson-interferometer was installed to produce real-time pictures of isothermal lines around the heated cylinder. The impact of rotation on flow patterns, boundary layer behaviour and heat transfer could be clearly identified. It appears that the velocity-ratio acts like an independent parameter, in that flow patterns correspond to this dimensionless number. Furthermore, it seems that rotation dominates over cross flow, both fluid-dynamically and thermally above = 2.This work was carried out at the University of the Federal Armed Forces in Munich/Germany. 相似文献
73.
All metallic, hollow sandwich cylinders having ultralight two-dimensional (2D) prismatic cores are optimally designed for maximum thermo-mechanical performance at minimum mass. The heated cylinder is subjected to uniform internal pressure and actively cooled by forced air convection. The use of two different core topologies is exploited: square- and triangular-celled cores. The minimum mass design model is so defined that three failure modes are prevented: facesheet yielding, core member yielding, and core member buckling. The intersection-of-asymptotes method, in conjunction with the fin analogy model, is employed to build the optimization model for maximum heat transfer rate. A non-dimensional parameter is introduced to couple the two objectives—structural and thermal—in a single cost function. It is found that the geometry corresponding to maximum heat transfer rate is not unique, and square-celled core sandwich cylinders outperform those having triangular cells. The eight-layered sandwich cylinders with square cells have the best overall performance in comparison with other core topologies. Whilst a sandwich cylinder with shorter length is preferred for enhanced thermo-mechanical performance, the influence of the outer radius of the cylinder is rather weak. 相似文献
74.
圆柱绕流的非线性动力学 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文利用非线性动力学的概念和方法来研究粘性不可压缩流体的二维圆柱绕流问题.计算了定常流失稳以及出现混沌的临界雷诺数,并估计了混沌解的一些统计特征. 相似文献
75.
76.
In this paper, 3-dimensional non-axisymmetrical deformation analyses for finite hollow circular cylinders have been carried
out by Pickett's double series expansion method[1]. Through expanding the displacement potentials as the sum of fourier series and Fourier-Bessel series, we could express the
coefficients of one series by those of another under certain boundary conditions. Thus, a set of linear algebraic equations
were derived. Solving these equations, we could obtain the solutions of the problems. Numerical examples have been given to
show that the method presented here is workable for practical applications. 相似文献
77.
内燃机活塞环-缸套摩擦功耗的设计计算方法之研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以往在计算内燃机活塞环-缸套摩擦副的摩擦功耗时,只是计算活塞环与缸套之间流体润滑剂的粘性剪应力,这显然不能客观地反映出该摩擦副的润滑状态。实际上,活塞环-缸套间的摩擦力产生于两个方面,一是粘性流体的剪应力,二是摩擦界面相互接触峰元的剪切作用。然而截至目前,针对这两方面进行全面分析研究的报道却还很少,因此,为了给低摩擦功耗环组的设计提供科学依据,基于对活塞环在运动过程中润滑状态的分析,提出了一种适用于不同类型内燃机设计计算的活塞环-缸套摩擦功耗的计算方法,并以其对现有结构的S195柴油机活塞环-缸套摩擦副的摩擦功耗进行了计算,同时还对影响摩擦功耗的因素作了考察与讨论,利用台架试验测量油膜厚度的方法对这种算法进行试验验证的研究结果表明,理论值与实测值吻合得很好。 相似文献
78.
圆柱绕流尾迹中相干结构对湍流特性的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
实验研究了圆柱尾迹中相干结构对湍流平均量的影响.用一个X热线在距离圆柱体y/d=4测量参考信号,用X热线和冷线相结合的三线探头测量从x/d=10~40的圆柱绕流尾迹中的速度和温度脉动,用条件平均的方法研充圆柱绕流近尾迹中的相干结构,并对相干结构对动量和热量的湍流输运过程的影响进行初步分析.结果表明:相干结构对尾迹中速度的横向脉动影响最大;相干结构对湍流参数的影响随x/d的变化明显.该工作还对相干结构引起的湍动能产生率变成负和逆温度梯度输运现象做了定性的解释. 相似文献
79.
本文提出的采用增量理论的分析模型和方法可以定量分析应变硬化、包辛格效应和材料机械性质随温度变化等因素对自增强厚壁圆筒中残余应力和操作应力分布的影响.厚壁圆筒看成由N个同轴薄壁圆筒套在一起组成的构件;采用包括弹性、塑性和温度应变的增量型本构关系和相容条件导出了自增强圆筒的基本方程;设计了计算机程序并给出了分析实例。分析结果表明,应变硬化会减小塑性区并降低残余应力;包辛格效应使反向屈服容易出现;温度升高将使残余应力和热应力松驰. 相似文献
80.
厚壁圆筒自紧问题的弹粘塑性有限元分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在双剪应力强度理论的基础上,应用弹粘塑性模型求解厚壁圆筒自紧问题,算例表明,这一算法是可行有效的。 相似文献