The DZERO Online System Event Path

The Online computing system for the DZERO experiment is used to control monitor,and acquire data from the approximately 1-million channel detector,This paper describes the Online Host system event data path requirements and design.     

The CDF Date Acquisition System for Tevatron Run Ⅱ

The CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron has been significantly upgraded for the collider Run Ⅱ,which started in march 2001 and is scheduled to alst until 2006,Instantaneous luminosities of 10^32cm^-2S^-1 and above are expected.A data acquisition system capable of efficiently recording the data has been one of the most critical elements of the upgrade.Key figures are the abilitity to deal with the short bunch spacing of 132ns.event sizes of the order of 250kB,and permanent logging of 20MB/s ,The design of the system and experience from the first months of data-taking operation are discussed.     

A novel simulation method to evaluate the collection performance of a monolithic active pixel sensor

A novel simulation method is presented in this paper to evaluate the collection performance of monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS) devices for minimum ionizing particle tracking. A simplified 3D matrix pixel structure is built using the computer aided design software Sentaurus. The virtual device is then divided into hundreds of parts and an independent customized X photon model is involved in each part to simulate the conditions under ⁵⁵Fe radiation. After data processing and analysis, charge collection efficiency, collection time and diffusion conditions can be estimated in detail. In order to verify the reliability of the method, comparisons are made between the simulations and experiments. Although there are some defects, it can be concluded that the proposed idea is a feasible method for the evaluation of the MAPS collection performance.     

Risk models for the Prize Collecting Steiner Tree problems with interval data

Given a connected graph G=(V,E)with a nonnegative cost on each edge in E,a nonnegative prize at each vertex in V,and a target set V′V,the Prize Collecting Steiner Tree(PCST)problem is to find a tree T in G interconnecting all vertices of V′such that the total cost on edges in T minus the total prize at vertices in T is minimized.The PCST problem appears frequently in practice of operations research.While the problem is NP-hard in general,it is polynomial-time solvable when graphs G are restricted to series-parallel graphs.In this paper,we study the PCST problem with interval costs and prizes,where edge e could be included in T by paying cost xe∈[c e,c+e]while taking risk(c+e xe)/(c+e c e)of malfunction at e,and vertex v could be asked for giving a prize yv∈[p v,p+v]for its inclusion in T while taking risk(yv p v)/(p+v p v)of refusal by v.We establish two risk models for the PCST problem with interval data.Under given budget upper bound on constructing tree T,one model aims at minimizing the maximum risk over edges and vertices in T and the other aims at minimizing the sum of risks over edges and vertices in T.We propose strongly polynomial-time algorithms solving these problems on series-parallel graphs to optimality.Our study shows that the risk models proposed have advantages over the existing robust optimization model,which often yields NP-hard problems even if the original optimization problems are polynomial-time solvable.     

Data Collection on and Refinement of Twinned, Non-merohedrally-twinned Methyl 2-Aminopyrazine-3-carboxylate:RLATT for Indexing, and TwinRotMat for De-twinning

The procedure for collecting diffraction data at –173 °C on a twinned specimen of methyl 2-aminopyrazine-3-carboxylate by using the APEX-II software followed by de-twinning the non-merohedrally-twinned reflection data with PLATON is described. De-twinning significantly lowers the R index from 0.141 to 0.038 owing to 49% twinning. Crystal data： C6H7N3O2,monoclinic,P21/c （a = 6.3149（1）,b = 16.5274（2）,c = 6.4544（1） A,β = 95.759（1）°,V = 670.24（2） A^3）.     

概率论与数理统计研究型教学的案例分析

通过娃哈哈赠券收集的案例分析提出了概率论与数理统计习题课研究型教学的概念和方法,展示了概率论与数理统计在社会生活领域的一些生动应用.通过以案例驱动开展研究型教学实现了习题课课堂教学的趣味性,体现了知识的实用性,激发了学生们的学习兴趣和协作探究意识,进一步将自主学习和协作探究相结合提升了课堂的教学效果,培养了学生的数学思维习惯.     

钝体绕流的分隔板控制技术研究进展

钝体是工程中一种常见结构,流体绕过钝体时产生的旋涡脱落易诱发结构振动,进而导致结构破坏．钝体后安装分隔板是一种典型的被动控制技术,分隔板推迟钝体尾流区剪切层之间的相互作用,进而有效改变钝体后旋涡脱落及尾迹特性,延长结构寿命,并且可以利用钝体一分隔板结构进行能量收集．本文全面回顾了利用分隔板进行流动控制和能量收集的研究及...     

22 nm工艺超薄体全耗尽绝缘体上硅晶体管单粒子瞬态效应研究

利用计算机辅助设计技术数值仿真工具, 研究22 nm工艺技术节点下超薄体全耗尽绝缘体上硅晶体管单粒子瞬态效应, 系统地分析了掺杂地平面技术、重离子入射位置、栅功函数和衬底偏置电压对于单粒子瞬态效应的影响. 模拟结果表明, 掺杂地平面和量子效应对于单粒子瞬态效应影响很小, 重离子入射产生大量电荷, 屏蔽了初始电荷分布的差异性. 单粒子瞬态效应以及收集电荷和重离子入射位置强相关, 超薄体全耗尽绝缘体上硅最敏感的区域靠近漏端. 当栅功函数从4.3 eV变化到4.65 eV时, 单粒子瞬态电流峰值从564 μA减小到509 μA, 收集电荷从4.57 fC减小到3.97 fC. 超薄体全耗尽绝缘体上硅器件单粒子瞬态电流峰值被衬底偏置电压强烈调制, 但是收集电荷却与衬底偏置电压弱相关. 关键词： 超薄体全耗尽绝缘体上硅 单粒子瞬态效应 电荷收集 数值仿真     

浅谈风能及其在我国的利用

简要介绍了风能的起源和其物理解释，以及风能与电能之间的转换方式与转换效率等实际工程中的一般性问题．同时述及了风能作为商业化最成功的可再生能源，其在我国和世界范围内的发展情况与发展规划．     

耦合耗散Klein-Gordon-Schr■dinger方程组的整体吸引子(英)

本文考虑通过Yukawa相互作用的耦合耗散Klein－Gordon－Schrodinger方程组的初边值问题，证明了整体吸引子的存在性。