聚焦微波辅助提取-酸性染料分光光度法测定农吉利中总生物碱

采用聚焦微波辅助提取(FMAE)结合溴麝香草酚蓝分光光度法测定农吉利中总生物碱。粒径为0.180 mm的样品,以甲醇为溶剂,料液比为1比25,在微波功率中火条件下提取50min。在pH 7.2的磷酸二氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲溶液中,提取得到的生物碱与溴麝香草酚蓝酸性染料形成缔合物,用三氯甲烷萃取后,在最大吸收波长417nm处测量其吸光度。总生物碱的质量浓度在0.25~250mg·L-1范围内呈线性,方法的检出限(3S/N)为1.5mg·L-1。应用该方法测定农吉利药材中总生物碱,加标回收率为105%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于3.0%。     

固相萃取富集-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饮用水源水体中8种抗生素的残留量

提出了固相萃取富集-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饮用水源水体中8种抗生素残留量的方法。样品按规定方法进行预处理并调节其酸度至pH 2.5或pH 3.2。将此溶液经过Oasis HLB SPE小柱进行富集并净化。用XBridge C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的(A)10mmol·L-1甲酸溶液和(B)10mmol·L-1甲酸-甲醇溶液组成的混合液作流动相进行梯度淋洗。串联质谱分析中采用电喷雾正、负离子源及多反应监测模式。8种抗生素的质量浓度均在1.00~400μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.4~0.7ng·L-1之间。加标回收率在81.9%~110%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在0.7%~4.5%之间。     

磁性碳纳米管固相萃取-原子荧光光谱法测定水中痕量镉

建立了检测水中痕量镉的磁性固相萃取-原子荧光光谱法。制备磁性碳纳米管,以其作为固相萃取吸附剂用来萃取和富集水中的痕量镉,采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法进行检测。在最佳条件下,镉在0.05~5.0μg·L-1范围内呈线性,检出限(3σ)为1.6 ng·L-1。加标回收率在97.1%~101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差在1.6%~4.8%之间。方法用于分析标准物质,测定值与认定值相符。     

An on-line solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in the Antarctic ice core samples

An on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandemmass spectrometry method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water samples was developed. The optimal analytical conditions were obtained through the optimization of the extraction efficiency of online solid phase extraction column, sample loading rate and loading volume, and the concentration of ammonium acetate in mobile phase. Under the optimal condition, the analytical method displayed good linearity (r² > 0.99) for 12 PFASs (C5-C14 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and C6/C8 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids) over a concentration range of 0.5-100 ng/L. The limits of quantitation for samples were between 0.025 ng/L and 0.5 ng/L and the relative standard deviations (RSD) of five consecutive analyses were less than 10% for 1 ng/L standard solution. Satisfactory results were obtained using this analytical method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in Antarctic ice core samples. The recoveries of all perfluoroalkyl substances were in a range of 73%-117% when the sampleswere spiked with standards at the concentrations of 2.5 ng/L and 25 ng/L.     

Combination of Solid‐Phase Micro‐Extraction and Direct Analysis in Real Time‐Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for Sensitive and Rapid Analysis of 15 Phthalate Plasticizers in Beverages

A method for rapid identification and quantification of phthalate plasticizers in beverages was developed. A number of 15 phthalate plasticizers which covered all the phthalates concerned in the US Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA), European Union legislations and Chinese national standards (GB) were analyzed. By a combined solid‐phase micro‐extraction (SPME) and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART‐MS) approach, phthalates at sub‐ng·mL^?1 levels can be qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in a short time. The use of ultrahigh‐resolving power and the accurate mass measurement capacity naturally provided by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT‐ICR‐MS) minimizes the matrix interferences and thus enables the evaluation of phthalates in a complex matrix without extensive sample handlings or preparations. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were estimated to be at 0.3–5.0 ng·mL^?1, lower than the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) regulated by the European Union legislations (2007/19/EC) in foods, beverages, food packaging and toys (0.3–30 ng·mL^?1). This rapid and easy‐to‐use SPME‐DART‐FT‐ICR‐MS method provided a relatively high‐throughput and powerful analytical approach for quick testing and screening phthalates in beverages and water samples to ensure food safety.     

TODGA/[C_2mim][NTf_2]萃取Th~(4+)

研究了N,N,N′,N′-四辛基-3-氧戊二酰胺(TODGA)溶于疏水性离子液体咪唑类离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐([C2mim][NTf2])中对硝酸水溶液体系中四价钍离子(Th4+)的萃取行为。详细考察了接触时间、酸度、Th4+浓度、TODGA浓度、温度对TODGA/[C2mim][NTf2]体系萃取性能的影响。作为对比,我们还考察了TODGA在传统有机溶剂异辛烷中对Th4+的萃取。结果表明:TODGA/[C2mim][NTf2]体系对Th4+的萃取是吸热反应,且在50℃下,能在5 min内达到平衡。萃取体系随着酸度对Th4+的萃取性能先降后增大;Th4+浓度的增大,TODGA浓度的降低,对Th4+的萃取性能下降。TODGA在离子液体萃取体系中比在有机体系中有更好的Th4+萃取效果,特别是在低酸条件下。通过萃取机理研究,推测出在低酸下萃取反应是离子交换且TODGA与Th4+配比为2∶1,在高酸下萃取是中性配位。     

离子液体超声辅助萃取/LC-MS法测定环境水中痕量五氯酚

建立了离子液体超声辅助萃取/液相色谱-质谱联用测定环境水中痕量五氯酚(PCP)的方法。采用离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐[C4mim][PF6]为萃取剂,考察了试样体积、p H值、温度、超声萃取时间和无机盐含量等因素对PCP萃取效率的影响,试样在XDB C18(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)色谱柱上,以甲醇-2 mmol/L醋酸铵溶液(70∶30)为流动相,电喷雾(ESI)电离负离子选择离子监测模式(SIM)进行测定。在优化的萃取条件下,PCP在0.005~1.0μg·L-1范围内具有良好线性,相关系数(r)为0.999 2,回收率为91.0%~97.0%,日内相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.1%~5.4%,日间RSD为3.8%~8.3%,定量下限为0.005μg·L-1。建立的方法简便、干扰少、特异性强,可用于环境水样中痕量PCP的测定。     

液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定禽肉组织中盐酸金刚烷胺、盐酸金刚乙胺、地塞米松、替米考星及喹乙醇代谢物的残留量

建立了同时测定禽肉组织中盐酸金刚烷胺、盐酸金刚乙胺、地塞米松、替米考星及喹乙醇代谢物残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品用2 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液水解,盐酸调节p H值后,以乙腈作为提取溶剂,经C18固相萃取柱净化。各待测物分别经0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液和氨化甲醇(0.1%氨水)洗脱,Phenomenex Kinetex C18(100 mm×4.6 mm,2.6μm)色谱柱进行分离,采用0.1%甲酸(含5 mmol/L乙酸铵)-甲醇作流动相,梯度洗脱,串联质谱法对5种药物含量进行测定。结果表明,5种药物在2~100μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.996 2~0.999 8。在加标浓度为5~50μg/kg的禽肉组织中,这5种药物的加标回收率为73.7%~92.3%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为3.9%~16.6%,检出限为0.2~3.0μg/kg,定量下限为0.7~10μg/kg。方法快速、简便、经济实用,符合法规要求,可满足日常检测的需要。     

农产品中6种有机溶剂残留的气相色谱-质谱检测方法

建立了蔬菜、粮食等农产品中6种有机溶剂残留(甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的液液萃取/气相色谱-质谱分析方法。不同类型的样品经乙腈-水溶液或乙腈溶剂提取后,用Agilent DB-624(30.0 m×250μm×1.4μm)毛细管色谱柱分离,在GC-MS选择离子监测(SIM)模式下检测,以保留时间和特征离子丰度比定性,外标法定量。结果表明,该方法对不同样品中4种苯系物在0.005~0.500 mg/L,DMF在0.025~0.125 mg/L,DMSO在0.050~0.500 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)为0.992 0~0.997 1。6种有机溶剂的平均加标回收率为60.1%~115.2%,相对标准偏差不大于11.0%。苯系物、DMF和DMSO的方法检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.002~0.050,0.010~0.025,0.060~0.150 mg/kg。该方法准确、快速、灵敏,可用于各种农产品中有机溶剂残留的监控。     

高效液相色谱法比较3种固相萃取柱净化对乳品中8种抗生素残留检测的影响

对比了3种固相萃取柱(HLB柱、C18柱和PEP柱)对复杂乳品基质中目标物检测的影响,并建立了同时测定乳品中四环素类、β-内酰胺类及氯霉素等8种抗生素残留的固相萃取/高效液相色谱法。结果表明:HLB固相萃取柱的洗脱及净化效果较好,适用于复杂乳品基质的洗脱净化。在优化条件下,8种抗生素在5.0~100.0μg/L浓度范围内的线性关系良好(r20.999),检出限为0.09~0.84μg/kg,定量下限为0.32~2.23μg/kg。8种抗生素在不同加标浓度下(5,10,30μg/kg)的回收率为73.2%~93.3%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.4%~3.6%。研究结果表明,该方法适用于复杂乳品基质中8种不同种类抗生素的同时检测。