Special Features of Chemical and Mineralogical Composition and Technological Properties of High-ferriferous Wocheinite

This paper presents the comprehensive study findings of the high-ferriferous wocheinite (a bauxite variety) of Timan deposit to evaluate the possibility of its application in the aluminosilicate ceramics production. The study was carried out by chemical, X-ray phase and thermal analysis on two samples before and after calcination. According to the obtained data, investigated material is of practical interest as a hardening and mineralizing additive to produce high-strength aluminosilicate ceramics. The strength improving ceramic structures, based on clay and bauxite raw materials mixture, is possible due to the binding of silica, which is released from the structure of kaolinite by aluminum oxide as a product of boehmite and hydrargillite dehydration to the secondary mullite.     

IR Spectroscopy in Determination of Enrichment of Low Quality Bauxites

It is shown that processes of enrichment of low quality bauxite can be as effectively monitored by IR spectroscopy next to other generally applied analytical methods, such as chemicals analysis, X-ray diffraction and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Changes were followed of characteristic vibration bands of main bauxite constituents, boehmite, haematite and kaolinite, as the carries of aluminum (gamma-AlOOH), iron (Fe₂O₃) and silicon [Al₂SiO₅(OH)₄], respectively.     

High temperature solid state transformations in Jammu bauxite

Thermal reactions of Jammu bauxite heated to different temperatures from 950°–1900°C were studied by X-ray powder diffraction method. The formation of mullite by the aluminasilica reaction at temperature 1200°–1400°C and then the transformation of mullite to a glassy phase around 1900°C has also been discussed in detail.     

浅析铝土矿烧失量的差异在X-射线荧光光谱分析中造成的影响刘静,马慧侠,彭展,白万里

本文探讨了一水铝土矿与三水铝土矿烧失量的差异在X-射线荧光光谱分析中造成的影响。采用试验的方式考察了硼酸锂熔融制样过程中铝土矿的烧失量损失情况;运用理论计算分析了烧失量的损失对测量结果的影响。试验与理论分析结果表明：当采用一水铝土矿绘制工作曲线来测量三水铝土矿样品时,将导致三水铝土矿中各组分测量结果偏高;烧失量的差异对主量元素测量结果影响较大,而对微量元素测量结果影响较小;待测物质的烧失量与基准物质烧失量差异越大,测量结果的偏差也就越大。     

铝土矿有效铝含量测定影响因素研究

研究了影响铝土矿中有效铝含量测定的主要影响因素。主要探讨了样品粒度、均匀性对有效铝溶出效果的影响及样品组成对有效铝含量大小的影响。利用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定铝土矿中有效铝含量、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)法测定铝土矿中总氧化铝含量和其它杂质成分含量,借助X射线衍射光谱(XRD)法对样品进行物相组成分析,确定各主要组成的结构和占比。将样品制备至0.106mm以下,均匀性好,精密度高,有效铝溶出率高。样品物相组成中三水铝石占比高,一水铝石占比低,与氢氧化钠低温条件更易反应,使溶出率高。通过加标回收实验验证方法的加标回收率为99.1%～101%,实验标准偏差为0.14%,相对标准偏差为0.003%,可对铝土矿有效铝的监控提供技术支撑。     

Thin Layer Chromatographic Study of Bauxite and Quantitative Estimation of Co-Existing Al3+, Fe2+ and Ti4

 Thin layer chromatography in combination with spectrophotometry and titrimetry has been used to evaluate chromatographic characteristics of bauxite constituents. The retention behaviors of four major constituents (Al3+, Fe2+, Ti4+, Si4+) in bauxite mineral have been examined on plain and modified layers of silica gel G, silica gel H and cellulose with mobile phases containing aqueous sodium chloride, formic acid and hydrochloric acid. Ternary separation of Al-Fe-Ti was achieved on chromatographic plates made of silica gel H. The pH effect and presence of impurity elements in samples, nature of stationary phases on the ternary separation and detection limits of bauxite constituents were studied. Silicon in bauxite was detected on cellulose plates. Quantitative determinations of Al3+, Fe2+ and Ti4+ on silica gel H impregnated with sodium formate layers were achieved by titrimetry and spectrophotometry.     

Fe2O3含量对Cu-Fe/铝土矿水煤气变换催化剂结构和性能的影响

利用具有高比表面积和介孔结构的改性铝土矿为载体,采用并流共沉淀法制备不同Fe2O3含量的Cu-Fe/铝土矿催化剂。以水煤气变换反应为探针反应,考察了催化剂性能。利用X射线荧光元素分析(XRF)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、CO程序升温脱附(CO-TPD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明:负载的Fe2O3能显著提高CuO/改性铝土矿催化剂的水煤气变换活性特别是热稳定性能,且随负载的Fe2O3含量增加而提高,当负载量为20%时达到最佳。其原因是负载的Fe2O3和CuO之间发生了相互作用,形成了类似于CuFe2O4复合氧化物,且随负载的Fe2O3含量的增加而增强,这种相互作用同时促进了CuO和Fe2O3的还原,抑制了CuO的烧结,进而提高了催化剂的性能。     

碱改性γ-Al_2O_3催化剂上羰基硫的低温水解反应 Ⅰ.催化剂活性及补偿效应

以γ-Al_2O_3为载体,用浸渍法负载碱金属和碱土金属氧化物制备了一系列羰基硫水解催化剂。采用微反-色谱联用装置考察了45—100℃低温区内的活性变化规律。结果表明,催化剂活性与金属氧化物组分及含量有着密切关系。在考察各催化剂在不同温度下水解反应速度常数(K)的变化中,发现指前因子(A)与活化能(E)之间存在着补偿效应,活化能增大时指前因子也随之增大。补偿效应参数(K_0)和能量分布指前因子(1/b)均与负载的金属离子半径(d_m)有关。求得了各催化剂的等动力学温度(T),讨论了羰基硫水解反应中存在补偿效应的原因。     

Cu含量对Pd-Cu/铝土矿CO氧化催化剂结构和性能的影响

利用资源丰富的天然铝土矿经NaOH溶液水热处理后焙烧,获得比表面积达174 m²·g^-1铝土矿载体,制备了双金属Pd-Cu为活性组分的催化剂,金属Pd负载量为0.5%（质量百分数）,以CO氧化反应为探针反应,详细考察了Cu含量的变化对催化剂物化性能的影响。研究发现,Cu的引入有利于提高金属Pd的分散度,同时随着Cu含量的变化,金属Pd与Cu之间以及金属与铝土矿载体之间的相互作用随之改变。催化剂的CO氧化反应性能评价结果表明,Pd和Cu负载量分别为0.5%和4%的样品（PdCu₄/MB）催化反应性能最佳。结合表征结果认为,PdCu₄/MB的高活性归因于良好的Pd和Cu分散度,金属Pd、Cu以及金属与载体之间较强的相互作用。此外,CO-TPD表征结果说明较强的CO吸附能力和从载体中获取氧的能力也有利于提高PdCu₄/MB样品的CO氧化反应性能。     

Utilizing Recyclable Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Selective Leaching and Refining of Scandium from Bauxite Residue

Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted great interest in the field of extractive metallurgy mainly because they can be utilized in low temperature leaching processes where they exhibit selectivity and recyclability. A major drawback in mixed aqueous-IL systems, is IL dissolution in the aqueous phase, which leads to IL losses, increasing the overall processing cost. This study advances the method for recovering scandium (Sc) from bauxite residue (BR) using as leaching agent the IL betainium bistriflimide, [Hbet][Tf₂N] mixed with water, which has been reported in previous publications. Ionic liquid leachate (IL-PLS) was prepared by leaching BR with a mixture of [Hbet][Tf₂N]-H₂O and subjected to different stripping experiments using hydrochloric acid. The advancement, presented in this work, is related with the optimization of the metal extraction (stripping) from the IL-PLS, where an aqueous solution with high Sc concentration and minimum metal impurities and minimum IL co-extraction is produced. It is further proven that the metal cation extraction is defined by the stoichiometry of the acidic solution and the dissolution (losses) of the IL in the aqueous phase can be minimized by adjusting the volume ratio and the acid concentration. A two-step stripping process described, achieves the selective increase of Sc concentration by 8 times in the aqueous solution, while maintaining cumulative IL losses to similar levels as the optimum 1 step non-Sc selective stripping process.