As（Ⅲ）和As（V）与牛血清白蛋白的结合平衡研究

在模拟动物体生理条件下,研究As（Ⅲ）和As（V）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用．用氢化物发生．超低温捕集塬子吸收分光光度法测定平衡透析后As（Ⅲ）或As（V）的浓度,用Scatchard方法分别处理实验数据,确定结合部位和结合常数．发现当As（Ⅲ）浓度（CAs（Ⅲ）：CBsA≤1：1）较低时,在BSA中有1．3个强结合部位,结合常数为1．7×10^6,为强结合;当As（Ⅲ）的浓度（cAs（Ⅲ）：cBSA≥2：1）较高时,没有明显的特征结合点,表现为弱结合．而As（V）与BSA无任何结合作用．     

帽状锑纳米粒子的制备及表面等离子共振特性的研究

采用热蒸发法在SiO₂自组装单层膜上制备了帽状锑纳米粒子,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和紫外-可见-近红外(UV-Vis-NIR)分光光度计对帽状复合纳米粒子的表面形貌、结构以及表面等离子共振特性进行了研究和表征。结果表明,制备的复合纳米粒子呈帽状,表面等离子共振峰具有明显的可调谐性,当二氧化硅粒径增大或锑帽层厚度增加时,等离子共振吸收峰位置红移。     

Sb_2Te_3纳米片的水热合成与表征

在水热条件下,以乙醇胺为还原剂,实现了亚碲酸根(TeO~(2-)_3)的分步还原,并以新生成的单质Te纳米棒为碲源,原位一步法合成出六方相Sb_2Te_3纳米片.采用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等对产物的物相、形貌及组成进行了表征.结果表明,产物Sb_2Te_3为六方纳米片,厚度约为100~200 nm,直径约为0.6~1.5μm,形貌均一,分散性良好.适宜的合成条件是水/乙醇胺体积比为8∶12,180℃下反应24 h.依据部分实验结果以及单质Te和六方相Sb_2Te_3晶体结构的比较,证明了Sb_2Te_3主要以外延方式在单质Te纳米棒表面生长,且两者的晶面取向为(003)Te//(003)Sb_2Te_3,[110]Te//[110]Sb_2Te_3.     

气敏半导体材料Cd2Sb2O6.8的制备及其性能研究

采用化学共沉淀法,在较低温度(750℃)下制备了具有缺陷烧绿石结构的复合氧化物Cd₂Sb₂O_6.8的纯相超微粉;研究了制备条件对物相、结构和气敏性能的影响,并对其反应过程机理进行了探讨,气敏性能测试结果表明,纯相Cd₂Sb₂O_6.8气敏元件对乙炔气体有较高的灵敏度和较好的选择性.     

掺Sb对PbWO_4晶体发光性能的改善

首次报道了ＰｂＷＯ４：Ｓｂ的光谱特性,包括透射谱和Ｘｅ灯光源激发的发射谱与激发谱．掺Ｓｂ具有增强绿光带、抑制红光带并大幅度提高光产额的效果．通过与空气退火ＰＷＯ发光的比较,对绿光带的起因、Ｓｂ掺杂的作用也进行了简要的讨论．     

Vibrational spectra of [(CH3)3NH]3Sb2Cl9, [(CH3)3NH]3Bi2Cl9 and their mixed crystals

The IR and Raman spectra of [(CH₃)₃NH]₃Sb₂Cl₉ (A), [(CH₃)₃NH]₃Bi₂Cl₉ (B) and two of their mixed crystals containing respectively 33% (AB.33) and 42% Bi (AB.42) are analyzed and compared. A and AB.33 show ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition at 364 K and 344 K, respectively. AB.42 and B are paraelectric in the temperature range between 90 and 365 K. Most of the vibrational modes show continuous changes, with the temperature, in the IR frequencies or intensities with no soft mode behavior. However, characteristic ν(NHCl) and δ(NHCl) vibrations of weakly hydrogen-bonded species are only observed in A and AB.33 below the temperature of the phase transition and are related to the ferroelectricity. The evolution of the IR spectra with the temperature suggests that the ferroelectric properties are connected with the reorientation of the cations which needs a breaking of the weak NHCl hydrogen bonds in the paraelectric phase.     

Auto-solitary solutions in a generalized model of gas discharge contraction

Stable auto-solitary solutions were found on the basis of three-dimensional numerical simulations within the simplest model under global constraint. The model involves a diffusion equation with a nonlinear source term containing both local and non-local nonlinearity. The source term was chosen so as to describe qualitatively the most fundamental peculiarities of discharge physics, namely local nonlinear increase in heating and ionization rate and non-local attenuation of electric field strength with plasma density growth. The properties of the autosolitons created by the model have been investigated employing the different parameters as control parameter. Therefore the results of calculations can be used to construct a process of plasma contraction in gas discharge. Received 26 July 1999 and Received in final form 5 February 2000     

Sb2O3掺杂对提高PbWO4晶体光学及闪烁性能的作用

采用改进的布里奇曼（Ｂｒｉｄｇｍａｎ）法生长了掺杂Ｓｂ２Ｏ３的ＰｂＷＯ４晶体。基于透射光谱、紫外激发及其发射谱、Ｘ射线激发的发射谱、光输出和辐照损伤待方面的测试,讨论了Ｓｂ２Ｏ３掺杂对提高ＰｂＷＯ４晶体光学及闪烁性能的作用。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定粗二氧化碲中 铜、铅、锑、铋、砷和硒

粗二氧化碲作为碲精炼或碲化工产品生产的重要原料,其中共存元素铜、铅、砷、锑、铋、硒含量的准确测定对于生产过程质量控制和贸易结算具有重要意义,但目前没有粗二氧化碲中铜、铅、砷、锑、铋、硒含量检测的标准分析方法。采用王水和饱和氟化氢铵分解试样,在王水和酒石酸介质中,选用Cu 327.393 nm、Pb 220.353 nm、Sb 217.582 nm、Bi 223.061 nm、As 193.696 nm、Se 196.026 nm为分析谱线,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定粗二氧化碲中铜、铅、锑、铋、砷和硒含量。各元素校准曲线的相关系数均大于0.999;铜、铅、锑、铋、砷和硒的检出限分别为0.0004%、0.0005%、0.0006%、0.0007%、0.0004%和0.0007%,定量检出限分别为0.0012%、0.0016%、0.0020%、0.0025%、0.0013%和0.0025%。按照实验方法测定5个粗二氧化碲样品中铜、铅、锑、铋、砷和硒,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为0.79%~4.8%,加标回收率为96.0%~103%。方法简单,精密度和准确度较高,可用于测定粗二氧化碲中铜、铅、砷、锑、铋、硒含量。