甲胺在择形分子筛催化剂上的选择性合成

考察了同晶置换改性丝光沸石和金属表面活性改性ＨＺＳＭ－５对甲醇胺化反应的催化性能，发现两种改性方法都可以降低三甲胺（ＴＭＡ）选择性，提高一甲胺（ＭＭＡ）与二甲胺（ＤＭＡ）的选择性，两种方法都是通过分子筛外表面改性以实现择形性调变的，同晶置换改性可使丝光沸石的强酸性发生显著变化，而强Ｂ酸中心是丝光沸石催化胺化反应的活性中心。     

不对称diels-Alder反应中的手性催化剂

本文综述了近年来不对称Diels-Alder反应中手性催化剂研究的进展,对各类手性催化剂的性能和特点作了简要介绍.     

铂/L分子筛重整催化剂烷烃芳构化反应机理

铂/L分子筛新型重整催化剂具有碱性、单功能与独特的孔结构。与双功能催化剂对比,它对n-C_6～n-C_8直链烷烃有极高的芳构化活性和选择性,其芳构化机理可能与双功能催化剂不同。本文应用正己烷(n-C_8)、正庚烷(n-C_7)、正辛烷(n-C_8),2-甲基己烷(2MHx)、甲基环戊烷(MCP)等探针分子,在脉冲微反装置上考察了它们在Pt/BaL催化剂上的芳构化性能和产物分布。提出烷烃分子(≥C_6)主链的1,6位碳原子经与     

离子交换树脂负载Ni—B无定形合金催化剂的制备与性能

制备了一种新型离子交换树脂负载的Ｎｉ－Ｂ无定形合金催化剂．用３种树脂作为催化剂载体，即弱酸型阳离子树脂Ｄ１５２，强酸型阳离子树脂Ｄ７２及强碱型阴离子树脂Ｄ２６１．用ＸＰＳ、ＴＥＭ和ＩＣＰ等技术对催化剂进行了表征．结果表明，催化剂上镍与带有功能基的载体树脂之间有着很强的相互作用，但其强度与所带的功能基有关．３种催化剂Ｎｉ２ｐ３／２的ＸＰＳ谱图上，ＮｉＢ／Ｄ１５２催化剂的氧化态峰最小，而ＮｉＢ／Ｄ２６１的氧化态峰最大．异丙醇脱氢反应活性实验证实了这一结果．     

Carbon-Supported Silver Catalysts for CO Selective Oxidation in Excess Hydrogen

Carbon materials were used as supports for Ag catalysts that are prepared using the conventional wet impregnation method, and their catalytic properties for CO selective oxidation in excess hydrogen at temperatures below 483 K were tested. A variety of techniques, e.g. N2 adsorption, XPS, TPD, UV-Vis DRS, TEM and SEM, were used to determine the influence of physical and chemical properties of the carbon on the properties of Ag catalyst. It was found that defects on the carbon surface served as nucleation sites for silver ions, while functional groups on carbon surface induced their reduction to the metallic form. The formation of silver particles on carbon was governed by homogeneous and/or heterogeneous nucleation during the impregnation and subsequent activation processes. The best catalytic performance was obtained with a Ag/carbon black catalyst with a uniform size distribution of silver nanoparticles (about 12 nm), moderate BET surface area (with a mesoporous structure), and a limited amount of carbon-oxygen groups. The research indicates that carbon materials are potentially good supports for silver catalysts for preferential oxidation of CO in excess hydrogen.     

A Novel Carbon Nanotube-Supported NiP Amorphous Alloy Catalyst and Its Hydrogenation Activity

A carbon nanotube-supported NiP amorphous catalyst (NiP/CNT) was prepared by induced reduction. Benzene hydrogenation was used as a probe reaction for the study of catalytic activity. The effects of the support on the activity and thermal stability of the supported catalyst were discussed based on various characterizations, including XRD, TEM, ICP, XPS, H2-TPD, and DTA. In comparison with the NiP amorphous alloy, the benzene conversion on NiP/CNT catalyst was lower, but the specific activity of NiP/CNT was higher, which is attributed to the dispersion produced by the support, an electron-donating effect, and the hydrogen-storage ability of CNT. The NiP/CNT thermal stability was improved because of the dispersion and electronic effects and the good heat-conduction ability of the CNT support.     

三烷基膦—铂—氢配合物的合成及NMR研究

合成了配合物ｔｒａｎｓ－ＰｔＨＸＬ２（Ｌ＝ＰＢｕ３，ＰＰｒ３，ＰＥｔ３；Ｘ＝Ｃｌ＾－，Ｂｒ＾－，Ｉ＾－，ＮＯ＾－３，ＮＯ＾－２，ＳＣＮ＾－，ＣＮ＾－），并进行了ＨＮＭＲ研究。测得Ｐｔ－Ｈ键的Ｈ的高场的化学位移δ＝－８～－２４ｐｐｍ；Ｊ＝８００～１５００Ｈｚ和Ｊｐ－Ｈ＝１３．０～１７．０Ｈｚ，鉴定了配合物的顺反异构和键合异构。研究了阴离子配体（Ｘ）及中性配体（Ｌ）对Ｐｔ－Ｈ键的δ的关系，Ｐｔ－Ｈ化学     

加氢处理催化剂载体中Y型分子筛组分对催化剂表面性质和催化性能的影响

应用ＸＲＤ，ＸＰＳ，ＩＲ－ＴＰＤ，ＣＯ２和ＮＯ吸附及正庚烷裂解和噻吩加氢脱硫脉冲微反等方法，研究了加氢处理催化剂载体经Ｙ型分子筛改性前后各种性质的变化，结果表明，载体经Ｙ型分子筛改性后，催化剂的Ｂ酸、正庚烷裂解活性和异构选择性明显提高，Ｙ型分子筛以分散的形式分布于γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面，减少了载体表面的空位铝，该催化剂中有盯当一部分金属组分进入Ｙ型分子筛孔道与３其Ｂ酸位作用，与ＮｉＱ／γＡｌ２Ｏ３相比     

Li＋-CaxPb1－xTiO3湿敏纳米薄膜的激光拉曼光谱、晶格畸变和激光显微组织——应用“软模理论”解谱

测定了标题物Li^＋-Ca_xPb_1－xTiO₃ (缩写为Li-CPT, 其中x＝0.35, Li/Ti＝1.0%, mol/mol, 850 ℃/h)的激光拉曼光谱(LRS)和激光显微组织, 并与湿敏性能极差的纯钛酸铅PbTiO₃ (缩写为PT)以及不同钙掺杂量的钛酸铅Ca_xPb_1－xTiO₃ (缩写为CPT, x＝0.08, 0.16, 0.24, 0.32, 0.40)的LRS进行比较, Li-CPT以及CPT的LRS与PT的LRS相比有很大差别,仅在75, 125, 190, 273和585 cm^－1出现五个谱峰. 应用“软模理论”将其分别归属于PT四方晶相的五个特征单模E(1TO), A₁(1TO), E(2TO), B₁＋E和A₁(3TO)的红移及宽化, PT的其它五个特征单模在Li-CPT及CPT的谱图中完全消失或被淹没. 对于这种拉曼活性的降低, 可以根据“软模理论”与晶格畸变作用的关联加以解释. Pauling离子半径较小的Ca^2＋的掺杂, 等价取代了半径较大的Pb^2＋的晶格位置, 降低了四方晶相畸变度δ＝c/a和不对称性导致的各向异性, 不单消除了薄膜冷却时位移型相变可能引起的破裂, 而且改变了晶格中氧八面体“TiO₆”及十二面体“PbO₁₂”的几何结构和电荷分布, 改变了晶格c轴上M-O (M＝Ti, Pb)键的化学环境, 直接阻尼了M—O键的伸缩振动软模, 减小了电偶矩及其自发极化, 使Li-CPT的振动模的拉曼活性大大降低, 因此LRS提供了一种表征晶格畸变的有效方法, 反过来也佐证了“软模理论”可以用来解释拉曼光谱.