Bright and dark small amplitude nonlinear localized modes in a quantum one-dimensional Klein--Gordon chain

By means of the Glauber＇s coherent state method combined with multiple-scale method, this paper investigates the localized modes in a quantum one-dimensional Klein-Gordon chain and finds that the equation of motion of annihilation operator is reduced to the nonlinear Schroedinger equation. Interestingly, the model can support both bright and dark small amplitude travelling and non-travelling nonlinear localized modes in different parameter spaces.     

纳米GeSb2Te4薄膜在大气环境中的摩擦性能研究

采用摩擦力显微镜考察了磁控溅射纳米GeSb2Te4薄膜在大气环境中的微观摩擦性能,利用JKRS理论分析了针尖同GeSb2Te4薄膜接触时的粘附力和表面能之间的关系.结果表明:当湿度较大时,粘附力较大;而当湿度较小时,粘附力较小;当针尖表面能一定时,粘附力的微小变化可以导致GeSb2Te4薄膜的表面能产生较明显变化;随着扫描范围逐渐减小,摩擦力变化趋于稳定;不同扫描速度下法向力和摩擦力保持较好线性关系,但不同扫描速度下的平均摩擦力随扫描速率变化而呈现非线性变化;为了更好地分析探针和样品表面的微观摩擦机制,宜选择扫描范围为0.1～0.5μm或更小.     

致病菌与糖的特异性识别及其分析应用研究

致病菌往往通过凝集素-糖特异性识别来实现对宿主细胞的粘附,进而感染宿主组织,引起病变。因此,研究致病菌与糖的特异性识别有利于进一步了解感染性疾病的致病机制,为致病菌的特异性检测和感染性疾病的治疗提供新的策略。该文总结了致病菌-糖特异性识别的相关机制机理;介绍了目前主要的研究方法和技术,特别评述了荧光光谱、表面等离子体共振、电化学阻抗谱及石英晶体微天平等技术在该研究中的应用现状,并对这4种技术与微流控芯片平台的结合进行了探讨;针对致病菌检测特异性差、耐药性严重等难题,重点综述了致病菌-糖的特异性识别在细菌分离、富集、检测、鉴别、生物膜抑制及抗菌糖类药物筛选方面的应用。最后对致病菌-糖特异性识别基础和应用研究进行了展望。     

复制模塑法制备超疏水表面及其应用

Two kinds of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) rough surfaces with different geometries which were square pillars and parallel grating were designed and fabricated by replica molding (REM). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the fabricated samples had high fidelity. The contact angles of water droplet on the PDMS square pillars surface and parallel grating surface were (154.6依0.7)° and (160.2依1.9)°, respectively, and the sliding angles were not larger than 6° and 3°, respectively, which attained to the standard of superhydrophobicity. The experimental result of blood platelets adhesion demonstrated that these two superhydrophobic PDMS rough surfaces had better blood compatibility than PDMS planar surface. The crazing and shedding of microstructures in the replica molding were also analyzed and discussed. All results showed that these superhydrophobic materials may be used in industrial and agricultural fields and bioengineering field.     

MICROMECHANICS OF ROUGH SURFACE ADHESION： A HOMOGENIZED PROJECTION METHOD

A quasistatic homogenized projection is made to characterize the effective cohesive zone behavior for rough-surface adhesion. In the context of the homogenized projection, the traction versus separation relation for the homogenized cohesive zone （HCZ） of a rough interface can be highly oscillatory due to instabilities during microscopic adhesion and decohesion processes. The instabilities are found to occur not only individually but also collectively among the adhesive micro-asperity contacts, leading to extensive energy dissipation. Based on the behaviors of the HCZ relations, a framework for describing instability-induced energy dissipation in rough-surface adhesion is proposed to elucidate the effect of roughness on apparent interface adhesion. Two non- dimensional parameters, α related to roughness morphology and n related to flaw distribution, are identified to be most crucial for controlling the energy dissipation. For an interface with a shallow roughness and a strong intrinsic adhesive strength, the interface adhesion can be stronger if we make it rougher （reducing α） or lower its flaw density （increasing n）. The HCZ projection method can be potentially extended and employed to bridge the apparent adhesion from intrinsic adhesion properties for engineering surfaces with multi-scale shallow roughness.     

单微吸管测量细胞切向粘附力方法的研究

本文对单微吸管测量细胞切向粘附力的方法进行简要的力学分析,结果表明该方法不失为一种简单易行的切向粘附力测量方法,有助于研究个体细胞与不同基底材料之间的粘附性能,以及不同药物、粘附分子对细胞切向粘附力的影响,扩大了微管吸吮技术的应用范围,并对单微吸管细胞切向粘附力测量方法的测量左范围进行了讨论。通过对人成骨细胞切向粘附力的测量,结果表明该方法可满足细胞生物力学实验的要求。     

应用正交多项式设计法研究煤的粘附规律

丛茜等．应用正交多项式设计法研究煤的粘附规律．本文对影响煤与工作部件表面法向粘附力的二个主要因素：煤的含水量及所受正压力,进行了正交多项式回归设计,建立了显著的回归方程,并揭示了煤的粘附规律     

老化作用下沥青集料界面力学行为研究

为了探究老化对沥青混合料界面力学性能的影响,将不同温度老化处理的沥青制成的三明治试件进行剪切试验以模拟实际路面发生的破坏情况。通过分析应力-剪切位移的关系与界面破坏情况,研究在不同程度老化作用下沥青集料界面剪切破坏与沥青内部剪切破坏机理,并根据本试验的情况在已有的模型基础上完善出相对符合本试验的理论模型。试验结果表明:每组试验均产生单波峰与双波峰曲线,通过开尔文模型可知,之所以出现双波峰情况,是沥青弹性与粘性的共同作用导致的。随着沥青老化程度的加深,沥青流变性能降低,沥青集料界面的粘附性呈下降趋势,沥青的凝聚性呈先下降后上升趋势,老化加深到一定程度时,双波峰迅速减少,单波峰迅速增加,原因是随着老化程度的加深,沥青凝聚性反向增强,界面破坏只发生在沥青集料界面。     

Effect of swirling flow on platelet concentration distribution in small-caliber artificial grafts and end-to-end anastomoses

Platelet concentration near the blood vessel wall is one of the major factors in the adhesion of platelets to the wall.In our previous studies,it was found that swirling flows could suppress platelet adhesion in small-caliber artificial grafts and end-to-end anastomoses.In order to better understand the beneficial effect of the swirling flow,we numerically analyzed the near-wall concentration distribution of platelets in a straight tube and a sudden tubular expansion tube under both swirling flow and normal flow conditions.The numerical models were created based on our previous experimental studies.The simulation results revealed that when compared with the normal flow,the swirling flow could significantly reduce the near-wall concentration of platelets in both the straight tube and the expansion tube.The present numerical study therefore indicates that the reduction in platelet adhesion under swirling flow conditions in small-caliber arterial grafts,or in end-to-end anastomoses as observed in our previous experimental study,was possibly through a mechanism of platelet transport,in which the swirling flow reduced the near-wall concentration of platelets.