Wave propagation and the frequency domain Green’s functions in viscoelastic Biot/squirt (BISQ) media

In this paper, we examine the characteristics of elastic wave propagation in viscoelastic porous media, which contain simultaneously both the Biot-flow and the squirt-flow mechanisms (BISQ). The frequency-domain Green’s functions for viscoelastic BISQ media are then derived based on the classic potential function methods. Our numerical results show that S-waves are only affected by viscoelasticity, but not by squirt-flows. However, the phase velocity and attenuation of fast P-waves are seriously influenced by both viscoelasticity and squirt-flows; and there exist two peaks in the attenuation-frequency variations of fast P-waves. In the low-frequency range, the squirt-flow characteristic length, not viscoelasticity, affects the phase velocity of slow P-waves, whereas it is opposite in the high-frequency range. As to the contribution of potential functions of two types of compressional waves to the Green’s function, the squirt-flow length has a small effect, and the effects of viscoelastic parameter are mainly in the higher frequency range.     

斜坡失稳的燕尾突变模型

文章对一个平面滑动型斜坡,考虑滑面介质有和上部岩体由不同力学性质的材料组成,上部岩体为弹性介质,滑带介质为应变软化介质。对应变软化介质,用W e ibu ll分布描述滑带介质的剪应力与应变关系,建立了斜坡系统的燕尾突变模型。通过分析,发现斜坡失稳与刚度比具有极大关联性。随着刚度比的增大,斜坡开始滑动时的0ξ值降低不断降低,突跳时ξ*值也随着降低。此时的临界值x*增大,突跳量Δx变小。当刚度比增加到一定程度后,会出现无突跳式的滑动。     

固相膜萃取-超声洗脱-原位衍生法分析水中不同极性农药残留

建立了水中极性除草剂和非极性杀虫剂固相膜萃取-超声洗脱-原位衍生-气相色谱质谱方法。在样pH≈3时,采用C8固相萃取膜,10 min可完成1000 mL水中两类化合物的萃取;将膜片置于反应瓶中,加入2 mL丙酮溶剂和衍生试剂,对杀虫剂进行超声洗脱、对除草剂进行洗脱衍生。其洗脱、衍生时间为30 min。以HP-5MS(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)为分析柱,采用负化学源技术在10 min内完成两类物质的检测。由于衍生试剂与酸性除草剂是特定的官能团之间的反应,并且衍生时间较短,因此杀虫剂的回收率不受影响。方法实现了不同极性有机物的同时萃取、同时检测。在10~250μg/L线性范围内各组分线性关系良好,相关系数R2>0.9978,检出限<1.0μg/L。不同基质、不同浓度的加标回收率在88%~107%之间;相对标准偏差在3.6%~9.7%之间。     

氧化铝包裹硅胶核-壳型色谱填料的制备及正相色谱性能研究

采用层层自组装(LBL-SA)技术制备了新型的氧化铝包裹硅胶(Al2O3/Si O2)核-壳型色谱填料。对该填料进行了光电子能谱表征、扫描电镜表征、比表面孔径表征,结果表明Al2O3被成功的组装到了Si O2表面。考察了Al2O3/Si O2填料在正相色谱条件下对碱性、中性和酸性化合物色谱分离行为并与Si O2填料进行了比较性研究。结果表明,由于氧化铝表面的Lewis酸性位点的存在,相比较于Si O2填料而言,Al2O3/Si O2在分离碱性化合物和中性化合物时具有很大的优势,但是也是由于这些Lewis酸性位点,造成酸性化合物在Al2O3/Si O2柱上具有很长的保留时间和严重拖尾的峰形,流动相中少量乙酸的加入可以有效地掩盖Al2O3表面的Lewis酸性位点,减弱其对酸性化合物的吸附。     

基于剩余推力法的地震滑坡永久位移研究

基于剩余推力法思想 ,结合Newmark有限滑动位移法 ,考虑了由于动力作用造成的孔隙水压力变化 ,对一种最为常见的边坡灾害—滑坡 ,提出了一种简便的估算地震动力永久位移的方法。对一实例用该法和快速拉格朗日元 (FLAC3D)进行对比计算 ,结果表明两者的结果基本接近 ,前者要保守一些。这就使得应用剩余推力法这一常规方法对滑坡进行真正意义上的动力时程分析成为可能.     

三峡库区泥灰质岩石溶蚀作用的微观研究

泥灰质岩石的岩溶,特别是溶蚀作用研究是岩溶研究的一个薄弱环节,同时又是揭示泥灰质风化岩及残坡积类膨胀 土工程特性和成因的关键。通过对三峡库区三叠系巴东组(T2b)不同溶蚀程度泥灰质岩石样品的扫描电镜图象分析,发现泥 灰质岩石的溶蚀作用导致岩石微观结构变化,这种变化可因溶孔形成使岩石力学强度降低,或大量溶孔或残积土变形引起地 面不均匀沉降、地裂缝、滑坡、崩塌和岩溶塌陷等地质灾害的发生。     

陕南岚皋县柳家坡滑坡形成机制研究

柳家坡滑坡位于陕西岚皋县城北,属松散坡积物类滑坡。滑体为粘质砾砂土,渗透性差,受动水压力作用易发生流土;滑床为泥板岩和片岩。滑体和滑床工程地质性质差异明显,二者界面为滑体下滑的主滑面。该滑坡为一古滑坡,曾多次发生变形滑动,2003年在连续强降雨和坡脚切坡等因素诱发下重新活动,目前处于欠稳定状态,若遇强降雨仍有可能发生整体失稳。对陕西南秦岭区域滑坡调查表明无论是滑坡类型,还是滑坡体物质组成及变形规律,柳家坡滑坡在陕南都具有一定的代表性。     

Long-range transport of organic aerosol to Cape Hedo,Japan

An investigation at Cape Hedo, Japan, from 2005 to 2006, focused on the long-range transport of organic aerosol (OA) from the Asian continent. An Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer was used to investigate the OA data collected over the study. OA concentrations were low from July to September and peaked during March and April. Based on air mass origins, four OA source regions were identified: northern China, southern China, Japan, and Korea. OA concentrations measured at Cape Hedo from the four sources did not exhibit large differences. Conversely, the frequencies of the air masses reaching Cape Hedo from the different regions varied considerably. Northern China was identified as the primary source of organic aerosols at Cape Hedo. Examination of variations in the ratio of m/z 44 to OA concentrations with transport time showed that OAs were partially oxidized during transport     

便携式气相色谱仪测定岩溶地下水中的苯系物

建立了吹扫捕集-便携式气相色谱仪测定岩溶地下水中苯系物的方法.利用氩气吹扫-Carboxen捕集阱富集,采用MXT(R)200毛细管柱进行分离,微氩离子检测器测定岩溶地下水中的苯系物.对吹扫时间、解析温度等影响因素进行了优化选择,较好的分离和测定了苯系物.当样品体积为20mL时,苯系物组分的检出限为0.86μg/L,方法加标回收率在91％-106％之间,相对标准偏差均小于5％.     

Zircon SHRIMP age of Mesoarchaean meta-argilloarenaceous rock in the Anshan area and its geological significance

In order to better understand the early continental evolution of the Anshan area, one of the typical Precambrian distribution areas of the North China Craton, the geochronology and REE composition of the zircons from the meta-argillo-arenaceous rock occurred as enclave in 3.1 Ga Lishan trondhjemite are studied by using SHRIMP II ion microprobe. It is indicated that the Paleoarchaean is a very important continental formation period in the Anshan area and 3.2 Ga can be regarded as the boundary between the Paleoarchaean and Mesoarchaean.