Preparation of PEO-b-PPO-b-PEO/α-cyclodextrin supramolecular hydrogels hybridized with exfoliated graphite nanoplates

Abstract

In this work, an effective method was developed to prepare novel PEO-b-PPO-b-PEO (EPE)/α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) supramolecular hydrogels containing exfoliated graphite nanoplates (xGNPs) by mixing an aqueous solution of α-CD with an aqueous dispersion of xGNPs at the presence of amphiphilic EPE copolymer. The EPE copolymer played three important roles in the preparation process: (1) as an exfoliating agent to break expanded graphites into xGNPs under ultrasonication, (2) as a dispersant to stabilize xGNPs in the aqueous solution, and （3）as a component to form the inclusion complexes with α-CD. The resultant xGNPs/EPE/α-CD hybridized hydrogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which confirmed not only the formation of supramolecular hydrogel structure but also the homogenous dispersion of xGNPs in the hydrogel matrix. It was found that the existence of xGNPs can accelerate the speed of gel formation in comparison with that of the native EPE/α-CD hydrogel. Additionally, the water-retention ability and the release behavior of vancomycin hydrochloride for the xGNPs/EPE/α-CD hybridized hydrogels were investigated.     

衍生化气相色谱法检测3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇

冰水冷却下将3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇加入到衍生化试剂三氟乙酸酐中,充分振荡,50℃反应30min,冷至室温后直接进气相色谱检测,面积归一法定量。在选定的实验条件下,加标回收率大于99%,测定峰面积的相对标准偏差为0.6%。该方法也可应用于3-氯-1,2-丙二醇、2-氨基-1,3-丙二醇、1,3-二氨基-2-丙醇等其它高粘度物质的检测。     

中药柴胡总皂苷急性肝毒性的代谢组学研究

运用UPLC-MS联用技术对空白对照组、柴胡总皂苷(SS)组大鼠在给药后第3天和第5天的尿液样本进行分析检测,获得了以质荷比和保留时间为变量的矩阵数据。据此建立各组大鼠的尿液代谢轮廓图,并利用主成分分析(PCA)建立了SS的代谢组学毒性模型。结合肝组织病理,探讨了柴胡总皂苷的急性肝毒性。对于SS组与正常组,大鼠尿液代谢轮廓图表现出了一定的差异。在代谢组学毒性模型中,给药第3天和第5天的PCA分类均偏离正常组,而第5天的偏离程度强于第3天。同时,在第5天的肝组织病理切片中发现了组织病变。由此表明,给药组大鼠的代谢组偏离了正常组,这种偏离正是肝急性毒性的表现,且给药到第5天的肝毒性强于第3天,表明肝毒性与给药累积剂量呈正相关,表现出了明显的急性和累积肝毒性。     

A Trinuclear Ni(Ⅱ) Mixed-ligand Complex Containing Pentadentate N-butylsalicylhydrazide and Monodentate Imidazole:Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure

A novel trinuclear nickel(Ⅱ) complex [Ni3(bushz)2(Himdz)2(H2O)2]?2DMF (1, bushz=N-butylsalicylhydrazide, Himdz=imidazole, DMF=N,N-dimethyl-formamide) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction characterization. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a=7.706(7), b=14.882(6), c=18.639(6) , β=108.08(2)o, V=2032(1) 3, Dc=1.525 g/cm3, Mr=932.95, Z=2, F(000)=972, μ=1.442 mm-1, the final R=0.0359 and wR=0.0771. The three nickel(Ⅱ) atoms in 1 are arranged in a strictly linear structure and exhibit alternating square-planar and octahedral geometries. The complex is connected to form a supramolecule with an infinite three-dimensional network through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The electrochemical studies reveal that redox of Ni3+/Ni2+ in the complex is a quasi-reversible process. The thermal stability of the title complex was also studied.     

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two New Macrocyclic Compounds

Two new macrocyclic compounds, [Cu2(L)2](ClO4)4·2CH3OH (1) and [Cu(L)](ClO4)2·2H2O (2) (L = 1,3,10,12,15,18-hexaazatetracyclodocosane) were synthesized by condensation reactions involving amines and formaldehyde in the presence of copper anion. Compound 1 crystallizes in triclinic, space group Pí with a = 10.442(2), b = 14.197(3), c = 17.388(4), α = 91.218(4), β = 90.69(3), γ = 93.756(4)o, V = 2520.4(9)3, Z = 2, F(000) = 1260, Dc = 1.589 Mg/m3, Mr = 1205.92, μ = 1.137 mm-1, λ = 0.71073, the final R = 0.0668 and wR = 0.1573 for 9703 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). Compound 2 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 16.911(2), b = 11.4172(15), c = 27.059(4), β = 107.787(2)o, V = 4974.7(12)3, Z = 8, F(000) = 2504, Dc = 1.610 Mg/m3, Mr = 602.92, μ = 1.155 mm-1, λ = 0.71073 , the final R = 0.0419 and wR = 0.1131 for 4374 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I).     

滑动弧电极放电等离子体作用甲烷制C2烃的工艺

采用刀片式不锈钢电极放电反应器,以Ar气为稀释气,研究了等离子体作用下甲烷转化制C2烃的工艺条件。考察了CH4流量、高频电源输入电压和电极间距等参数对甲烷转化率、C2烃选择性、收率和反应表观能耗的影响。结果表明,增加CH4流量,表观能耗随之降低;当输入电压和电极间距较小时,甲烷转化率随输入电压和电极间距的增大而增大,但输入电压和电极间距过大时,C2烃收率明显下降,积碳严重。在CH4流量14 mL/min、Ar气流量60 mL/min、高频电源输入电压22 V、电流0.44 A、电极间距4 mm的优化条件下,甲烷最高转化率为43.1%,C2烃收率、选择性和表观能耗分别为40.1%、93.2%和2.41 MJ/mol。C2烃中不饱和烃的体积分数可达95%以上。     

pH响应性P(MMA-co-MAA-co-HEMA)微凝胶的制备及其性能

利用预乳化乳液法制备了不同单体配比的聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-co-甲基丙烯酸-co-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)(P(MMA-co-MAA-co-HEMA))微凝胶分散液;采用透射电子显微镜、动态光散射仪研究了微凝胶的微观形态、粒径大小及其溶胀率;利用试管倒转法对微凝胶分散液的凝胶化相转变行为进行了研究,借助椎板流变仪考察了所形成胶态凝胶的储能模量与单体配比、微凝胶分散液浓度和温度的关系.结果表明,所制备的微凝胶的数均粒径为90 nm左右,当MMA与MAA的投料质量不变时,随着HEMA含量的增加,分散液凝胶化所需的临界最小浓度增大,临界最大pH值减小,胶态凝胶的储能模量增加.当保持单体MMA与HEMA的投料质量不变时,随着单体MAA投料质量的增多,微凝胶的数均粒径和溶胀率增大,胶态凝胶的储能模量先升高后降低;当MAA占单体总摩尔数的25%时,浓度为15 wt%的微凝胶分散液在扫描频率为100 rad/s时,胶态凝胶的储能模量最高可达2×104Pa.这类微凝胶分散液在组织工程支架材料方面有潜在的应用价值.     

低成本原料一步直接合成小晶粒ZSM-5分子筛

以硫酸铝、水玻璃、正丁胺、水、晶种、NaCl、浓硫酸等低成本试剂为原料,一步直接合成法制备了高结晶度小晶粒ZSM-5分子筛,详细考察了凝胶陈化方式、滴加顺序、晶化时间、晶化温度、水量及原料硅铝比对分子筛结晶度及粒度的影响.通过XRD、SEM等对合成的分子筛进行了详细表征.研究结果表明:采用低温水浴回流搅拌陈化方式、在160～170℃、晶化30 h可获得高结晶度小晶粒ZSM-5分子筛.正反加顺序对分子筛结晶度影响不大.     

四溴代对苯二甲酸根及二吡啶基丙烷构筑的锌(Ⅱ)及镉(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成及晶体结构

在室温和甲醇/水溶液为溶剂的条件下,以四溴代对苯二甲酸(H2TBTA)及1,3-二(4-吡啶基)丙烷(BPP)为配体合成了[Zn(TBTA)(BPP)]n(1)和[Cd(TBTA)(BPP)2(H2O)2]n(2)2个配位聚合物,对其进行了X-射线单晶衍射、元素分析、红外光谱分析和热重等性质表征。结果表明:配合物1为二维(2D)层状网络结构;配合物2为一维(1D)链状结构;H2TBTA配体中的羧基都采取单齿模式与金属离子配位;配合物中的氢键作用对其结构的稳定性起关键作用。     

Ni-Mo/Al_2O_3催化剂上硫转移反应的研究

制备了以γ-Al2O3为载体的Ni-Mo催化剂,并用于FCC汽油的加氢硫转移反应。对Ni-Mo/Al2O3催化剂上的硫转移反应机理进行了研究,考察了不同反应条件对硫转移反应的影响。实验结果表明,硫醇与烯烃的反应在催化剂表面的加氢活性位上进行,小分子的硫醇发生加氢脱硫,生成吸附态H2S,吸附态的H2S与烯烃反应,生成大分子硫醇和硫醚;另外小分子硫醇还可直接与烯烃发生反应,生成硫醚。提高反应温度、压力、氢油比或降低空速,均可提高催化剂的硫转移反应活性,轻质硫转化率得到明显提高,且单烯选择性还能维持在98%左右。