一道客观性压轴题的六种求解视角

在一次高三数学阶段性检测中,笔者所在的命题组以下面一道题作为了该次检测的客观性压轴题,但从评卷结果以及命题组在考后所做的问卷调查来看,学生选出正确结果的比例尤其是思维正确率并不高,而且反映出了学生的基本技能技巧以及多种数学思想方法的综合运用能力不容乐观．本文以该题为例,谈一谈此题的六种切入视角,供大家参考．     

High-pressure effect on inverse spinel LiCuVO4:X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering

The effect of external quasi-hydrostatic pressure on the inverse spinel structure of LiCuVO 4 was studied in this paper. High-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy measurements were carried out at room temperature up to 35.7 and 40.3 GPa, respectively. At a pressure of about 20 GPa, both Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction results indicate that LiCuVO4 was transformed into a monoclinic phase, which remained stable up to at least 35.7 GPa. Upon release of pressure, the high-pressure phase returned to the initial phase. The pressure dependence of the volume of low pressure orthorhombic phase and high-pressure monoclinic phase were described by a second-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state, which yielded bulk modulus values of B 0 = 197(5) and 232(8) GPa, respectively. The results support the empirical suggestion that the oxide spinels have similar bulk modulus around 200 GPa.     

相量法在交流电桥实验中的应用

相量法是分析正弦交流电路问题的重要方法之一.它的特点是数学模型简单、直观,可操作性强.本文以交流电桥实验中的电感桥和电容桥为例,展示了相量法在交流电桥平衡的分析与求解过程中的优点.该方法用于交流电桥实验不仅有助于学生巩固相量的概念,而且能深刻地理解交流电桥的测量原理.     

10—14 μm同时响应的双色量子阱红外探测器

实现截止波长为11.8和14.5 μm双色同时响应的量子阱红外探测器,可以同时工作在8—12 μm大气窗口和甚长波波段.在77 K下测量到很强的光电流谱.器件结构采取了较为简洁的设计,通过适当增大量子阱结构中势阱的宽度和选择合适的掺杂浓度,在同一偏压下实现了对两个波长的同时响应.两个光响应峰分别为基态到第五激发态和基态到第一激发态的跃迁吸收. 关键词： 量子阱红外探测器 双色 同时响应     

突破抽象函数问题的十一招

抽象函数是指既没有给出具体的函数解析式,又没有用列表或图像的方法表示出来,只是给出一些特殊条件(如函数的定义域、函数图像经过的特殊点、解析递推式、部分图像特征等)的函数.此类函数问题具有构思新颖、概念抽象、隐蔽性强、解法灵活多变等特点,是考查学生对函数性质的代数推理和论证能力、对数学语言的阅读理解和转译能力以及学生的抽象思维能力的有效载体,因而历年来备受高考命题者的青睐.本文结合实例介绍突破抽象函数问题的十一种策略,供大家参考.     

数学解题应强化估算意识

估算,顾名思义,估摸着计算,是以正确的算理和对所研究的问题的本质已深刻理解为基础,通过大体估值、合情猜想或特值探路等手段,进行粗略、近似的计算而获得正确答案的过程．在数学解题中渗透估算意识,有效地避开了以往“小题大作、费时费力”的逻辑推理过程,达到了简捷、快速、合理、准确的解题目的,恰到好处地契合了近年高考命题倡导的“...     

氧化钒-碳纳米管复合薄膜的制备及特性

提出了一种制备氧化钒热敏电阻薄膜的新方法。采用紫外光和过氧化氢相结合的方法,对多壁碳纳米管进行功能化处理,然后通过溶胶-凝胶法,使功能化碳纳米管与V2O5相复合,制备氧化钒-碳纳米管复合薄膜。与单纯的氧化钒薄膜相比,氧化钒-碳纳米管复合膜的薄膜方阻和光学带隙发生减小,而电阻温度系数(TCR)和光吸收率相应增大。复合膜还具有更高的载流子迁移速率,更加适合应用到红外探测器当中。     

Discrimination of converted photons and neutral pions at high energies

In the LHC experiment, the H→γγ channel provides a clean nal state with an effective mass peak that is reconstructed with great precision, despite the small branching ratio. As a consequence, the H→γγ channel is one of the most promising channels for the Higgs discovery in the very low mass region. In order to increase the sensitivity of the Higgs search, background rejection rate is very important, so γ/π⁰ discrimination is one of the key points in the analysis. At least 40% of photons will convert with the experience of ATLAS and CMS. We constructed electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) in GEANT4 simulation, using 6 variables which have different shapes between converted γ and π⁰, with the TMVA (Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis) to do the separation. With this method we can get 30% to 60% π⁰ rejection efficiency when keeping 90% converted γ efficiency, in the region of transverse momentum 15 GeV to 75 GeV, not only in MC sumulation but also in real data.     

基于PCA与自适应BP算法的侵犯性驾驶行为识别

从机动车安全预警的角度,以有效识别侵犯性驾驶行为为目的,针对传统BP算法学习效率低、收敛速度慢等缺点,提出一种基于PCA与自适应学习速率的BP网络改进识别算法.首先借助人因系统及汽车驾驶平台进行仿真实验,获取驾驶人生理-心理及车辆运行数据集,然后利用主成分分析提取其特征指标,继而应用自适应学习速率BP网络改进算法对驾驶行为进行识别.结果表明:驾驶员呼吸、肌电、速度、油门、车道线偏距以及发动机转速受驾驶行为的影响较大;识别精度为96.17%,对比自适应学习速率BP网络算法、BP网络算法,算法能明显减小训练迭代次数、提高识别精度.