Water bridges are essential to neonicotinoids: Insights from synthesis,bioassay and molecular modelling studies

To identify the detailed roles of water bridges in neonicotinoids recognition, twenty-four neonicotinoids compounds were designed, synthesized, bioassayed and modelled. Of all nine fragments mimicking water bridges, cyano group was the optimal one. The insecticidal activities indicated that the water bridge might be stable in the active site and was not suitable to be replaced by other groups, which highlighted the significance of water bridges for neonicotinoids.     

NBR/ORGANOMODIFIED BENTONITE INTERCALATED HYBRIDS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE TOUGHNESS OF PVC

Hybrids of intercalative nitrile-butadiene rubber/organomodified bentonite (NBR/OMB) were prepared by thelatex intercalation technique. Investigation of their mechanical properties and the microstructore of NBR/OMB showed thatthe organomodified bentonite is an effective toughener for NBR. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and X-rnydiffraction (XRD) tests showed that the NBR macromolecule could be intercalated into the galleries of bentonite.Incorporation of NBR/OMB hybrids as tougheners into poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) results in a substantial increase in theimpact strength of PVC, but little decrease in its tensile strength and flexural strength, compared to the unmodified PVC.     

联二脲氧化生成偶氮二甲酰胺反应的钒催化机理

在钒催伦剂存在下，用氯酸钠氧化联二脲制成偶氮二甲酰胺，从钒催化剂的单晶培养和结构解析入手，通过反应动力学研究，用ＥＳＲ检测反应过程中四价钒的生成，用分光光度法（分别以钛钛试剂和硫氰酸铵为显色剂）确定了反应过程中三价钒的生成和变化情况，从而提出了可能的催化机理，还利用量化计算从热力学角度证实了所提出的包括四价钒铬离子歧化过程在内的钒催化机理的合理性。     

苯与丙烯烷基化失活沸石催化剂氢再生机理

对工业中试用于苯与丙烯烷基化失活β－沸石改性催化剂进行了H2再生研究。通过对失活、新鲜和再生后催化剂的TPO、TPD、孔结构测定和活性评价以及失活和再生催化剂样品上炭组成的GC－MS分析，讨论了H2再生后催化剂催化性能的恢复状况。解释了虽然仍有部分炭未被除去，但酸性和活性恢复良好的原因。提出了本文体系失活催化剂H2再生过程的作用机理。     

微波场中甲烷部分氧化制合成气 Ⅱ.Co/ZrO_2催化剂在微波场中的升温行为及催化活性

近年来，甲烷部分氧化制合成气（ＰＯＭ）的研究一直十分活跃［１，２］．前文报道了用于甲烷部分氧化制合成气的镍基催化剂（Ｎｉ／Ｌａ２Ｏ３）在微波场中的升温行为和催化活性［３］，发现在达到相同的ＣＨ４转化率时，微波活化方式下的催化剂床层温度比常规加热低得多...     

聚合物连续分级

本文较系统地介绍了聚合物连续分级的理论基础、实验室装置及其实际应用。     

Robust core-shell supramolecular assemblies based on cationic vesicles and ring-shaped [Mo154] polyoxomolybdate nanoclusters: template-directed synthesis and characterizations

Substantial progress has been made recently in extending the supramolecular assembly of biomimetic structures to vesicle-based sophisticated nanocomposites and mesostructures. We report herein the successful preparation of unilamellar surfactant vesicles coated with a monolayer of ring-shaped [Mo(154)] polyoxometalate (POM) nanoclusters, (NH(4))(28)[Mo(154)(NO)(14)O(448)H(14)(H(2)O)(70)]. approximately 350 H(2)O, by coulomb attractions using preformed didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) surfactant vesicles as templates. The resultant vesicle-templated supramolecular assemblies are robust (they do not disintegrate upon dehydration) both at room-temperature ambient and vacuum conditions, as characterized by conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The flexibility of the complex soft assemblies was also revealed by AFM measurements. The effect of POM-vesicle coulomb attractions on the dimensions of the templating vesicles was also investigated by using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Although origins of the structure stability of the as-prepared supramolecular assemblies are not clear yet, the nanometer scale cavities and the related properties of macroions of the POM clusters may play an important role in it.     

超微粒La-Co氧化物催化剂对柴油机尾气碳黑催化燃烧性能的研究

用有机酸络合法制备了Co3O4，NiCo2O4和LaCo2O43种催化剂。通过程序升温氧化反应(TPO)技术对这3种催化剂进行模拟柴油碳黑催化燃烧反应的活性评价。研究发现以Co3O4为活性成分的催化剂能显著降低碳黑燃烧的温度。以Ni和La部分取代Co3O4后形成的复合氧化物NiCo2O4和混合氧化物LaCo2O4能改进Co3O4的氧化活性。但是NiCo2O4不能改进碳黑在松散接触时的燃烧活性；而混合氧化物LaCo2O4由于形成了超微粒含缺陷的LaCoO3钙钛矿型结构，它具有良好的低温氧化活性和表面原子移动性，因而能显著改进碳黑在松散接触时的燃烧活性。     

碱性二苯基萘基甲烷染料褪色分光光度法测定肝素

肝素(Heparin, Hep)由葡萄糖胺磺酸、葡萄糖醛酸和艾杜糖醛酸组成, 在水溶液中由于其酸性基团的离解而成为带多个负电荷的大阴离子[1].肝素具有广泛的生物学功能, 在人体内由肥大细胞分泌而自然存在于血液中, 在体内外均有延缓或阻止血液凝固的作用. 肝素或其衍生物还可用于调血脂、抗血栓、改善血液流变学指标、抗炎、抗过敏及免疫调节等, 是重要的生化药物之一 [2]. 对不同的疾病, 肝素有不同的最适剂量, 临床上常采用生物方法 [3]来进行监控. 但由于受生物个体的影响较大, 故使其应用受到限制. 此外, 分光光度法 [1,4,5]、荧光法[6]、HPLC法[7]、细管电泳法[8]及电化学传感器[9]已用于肝素的测定, 其中分光光度法由于操作简便、快速、仪器价廉和灵敏度较高等优点而得到重视.     

合成1，3－二（3－羟丙基）四甲基二硅氧烷的新方法

用二乙氧基二甲基硅烷与３－氯丙醇反应，合成了新化合物３－氯丙氧基乙氧基二甲基硅烷，然后用格氏反应代替Ｗａｌｔｅｒ的钠缩合反应，最后经水解制备了１，３－二（３－羟丙基）四甲基二硅氧烷，总收率为４２．０％。