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91.
92.
建立了同时测定化妆品中4-亚硝基苯酚和1-甲基-3-硝基-1-亚硝基胍两种亚硝基类禁用物质的高效液相色谱方法。化妆品样品经溶剂超声提取,经Fortis-C18柱分离,二极管阵列检测器(DAD)检测,保留时间定性,外标法定量。实验结果表明:该方法在0.5~10μg/mL浓度范围内,两种物质均具有良好的线性响应,方法对4-亚硝基苯酚和1-甲基-3-硝基-1-亚硝基胍的检出限均为20ng/g,在三个添加水平下的平均回收率分别在94.14%~102.8%和96.3%~104.1%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)均<3.5%。 相似文献
93.
化学基元组学(chemomics)是与化学信息学、生物信息学、合成化学等学科相关的交叉学科.生物系统从内源性小分子(天然砌块)出发,通过酶催化的化学反应序列制造天然产物.生物系统通过化学反应和天然砌块向目标天然产物“砌入”一组原子,这样的一组原子称为化学基元(chemoyl).化学基元组(chemome)是生物组织中所含有的化学基元的全体.化学基元组学研究各种化学基元的结构、组装与演化的基本规律.在生存压力和繁衍需求的驱动下,生物系统已经进化出有效手段来合成天然产物以应付环境的变化,并产生了丰富多彩的生物和化学多样性.近年来,人们意识到药物创新的瓶颈之一是药物筛选资源的日益枯竭.化学基元组学可以解决这个瓶颈问题,它通过揭示生物系统制备化学多样性的规律,发展仿生合成方法制备类天然化合物库(quasi natural product libraries)以供药物筛选.本文综述了化学基元组学的主要研究内容及其在药物创新各领域中的潜在应用. 相似文献
94.
XU Jun GU Qiong LIU HaiBo ZHOU JiaJu BU XianZhang HUANG ZhiShu LU Gui LI Ding WEI DongQing WANG Ling GU LianQuan 《中国科学:化学(英文版)》2013,56(1):71-85
Chemomics is an interdisciplinary study using approaches from chemoinformatics,bioinformatics,synthetic chemistry,and other related disciplines.Biological systems make natural products from endogenous small molecules (natural product building blocks) through a sequence of enzyme catalytic reactions.For each reaction,the natural product building blocks may contribute a group of atoms to the target natural product.We describe this group of atoms as a chemoyl.A chemome is the complete set of chemoyls in an organism.Chemomics studies chemomes and the principles of natural product syntheses and evolutions.Driven by survival and reproductive demands,biological systems have developed effective protocols to synthesize natural products in order to respond to environmental changes;this results in biological and chemical diversity.In recent years,it has been realized that one of the bottlenecks in drug discovery is the lack of chemical resources for drug screening.Chemomics may solve this problem by revealing the rules governing the creation of chemical diversity in biological systems,and by developing biomimetic synthesis approaches to make quasi natural product libraries for drug screening.This treatise introduces chemomics and outlines its contents and potential applications in the fields of drug innovation. 相似文献
95.
Predicting hiCE inhibitors based upon pharmacophore models derived from the receptor and its ligands
Human intestinal carboxyl esterase (hiCE) is a drug target for ameliorating irinotecan-induced diarrhea. By reducing irinotecan-induced diarrhea, hiCE inhibitors can improve the anti-cancer efficacy of irinotecan. To find effective hiCE inhibitors, a new virtual screening protocol that combines pharmacophore models derived from the hiCE structure and its ligands has been proposed. The hiCE structure has been constructed through homology techniques using hCES1’s crystal structure. The hiCE structure was optimized via molecular dynamics simulations with the most known active hiCE inhibitors docked into the structure. An optimized pharmacophore, derived from the receptor, was then generated. A ligand-based pharmacophore was also generated from a larger set of known hiCE inhibitors. The final hiCE inhibitor predictions were based upon the virtual screening hits from both ligand-based and receptor-based pharmacophore models. The hit rates from the ligand-based and receptor-based pharmacophore models are 88% and 86%, respectively. The final hit rate is 94%. The two models are highly consistent with one another (85%). This proves that both models are reliable. 相似文献
96.
Qiong Wu Hui Feng Dong‐Dong Guo Mian‐Shuai Yi Xing‐Han Wang Bo Jiang Shu‐Jiang Tu 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2013,50(3):599-602
A green and highly efficient method for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized indoline‐spiro fused pyran derivatives has been established. This reaction was conducted by reacting readily available and inexpensive starting materials, such as isatins, cyclic‐1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds, and malononitrile in aqueous media without any catalysts under microwave irradiation. The present green synthesis shows fascinating properties such as the use of water as the reaction solution, concise one‐pot conditions, short reaction periods (8–14 min), and easy purifications. The synthesis could also set a good example to GAP (Group‐Assistant‐Purification) chemistry in which purification via chromatography can be avoided and the pure products can be easily acquired only by washing the crude products with 95% EtOH. 相似文献
97.
DNAzyme based electrochemical sensors for trace uranium 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Qiong Tang Yali Yuan Xilin Xiao Ping Guo Jianbang Hu Dandan Ma Yangyang Gao 《Mikrochimica acta》2013,180(11-12):1059-1064
We have developed a uranyl-specific DNAzyme that was immobilized on the surface of a gold electrode to give a highly sensitive and selective biosensor for uranyl ion. The typical DNAzyme system consisted of the RNA (rA) as the substrate (ADNA), and the other strand is the enzyme (TDNA) with a ferrocene (Fc). The presence of uranyl ion induces the cleavage of the DNA substrate strand at the rA position to form two fragments. The Fc unit thereby is released from the surface of the electrode, and this results in a decreased peak current. This electrochemical biosensor has a dynamic range from 2 nM to 14 nM of uranyl ion, with a detection limit at 1 nM. It exhibits high sensitivity and excellent selectivity over other metal ions, and thus represents a promising technique for simple, fast, on-site, and real-time electrochemical sensing of UO2(II) ion. It also serves as a guide in choosing different methods for designing electrochemical sensors for other metal ions. Figure
We have developed a uranyl-specific DNAzyme that was immobilized on the surface of a gold electrode to give a highly sensitive and selective biosensor for uranyl ion. The typical DNAzyme system consisted of the RNA as the substrate and the other strand is the enzyme with a ferrocene (Fc). This electrochemical biosensor exhibits high sensitivity and excellent selectivity, and represents a promising technique for simple, fast, on-site, and real-time electrochemical sensing of UO2(II) ion. 相似文献
98.
以石墨烯/二氧化钛复合材料为吸附剂,结合石墨炉原子吸收光谱法,建立了Pb?和Cd?的检测方法。优化的实验条件为:溶液pH=5.0,吸附时间为60 min,吸附剂用量为0.02 g。结果表明:吸附过程符合拟二级动力学反应模型;吸附反应是吸热过程。建立的石墨烯/二氧化钛复合材料富集-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法对Pb2+和Cd2+的检出限分别为0.086和0.006μg/L,相对标准偏差为3.2%和2.5%。将本方法应用于矿石标准样品的测定,测定结果与标准值相符;用于茶叶实际样品的测定,回收率为96.8%~105.0%。 相似文献
99.
将多层纸芯片技术用于肿瘤微环境酸化研究。将种植有乳腺癌细胞的8层硝酸纤维素薄膜叠放并封装于芯片中,用以模拟3D乳腺癌组织。灌流培养多层纸芯片乳腺癌组织数天后拆分多层纸芯片,以检测各层薄膜上细胞生存、增殖和胞内乳酸含量,解析不同深度下肿瘤细胞微环境酸化程度。实验表明,细胞酸化程度受灌流速度影响,高灌流速度可以增加纸层上细胞密度,酸性代谢产物排出增加。缺氧也是导致微环境酸化的重要因素。随着氧气扩散距离的增加,酸化程度加重,并且肿瘤细胞生存率和增殖率相应降低。 相似文献
100.
采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC/MS)对电化学氟化法生产的全氟环己烷酰氟产品中主要产物全氟酰氟进行了检测。在60℃下,采用甲醇对全氟环己烷酰氟产品进行甲酯化处理。考察了不同长度,极性及膜厚的毛细管色谱柱的分离效果。以KB-1MS毛细管色谱柱(90 m×0.25 mm×1.0μm)为分离柱,采用GC/MS法对全氟酰氟组成进行了定性与定量分析;结合有机质谱学裂解规律,分别对环状全氟羧酸甲酯、饱和直链全氟羧酸甲酯和单不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的裂解方式和质谱特征进行了分析归纳。通过质谱数据库检索、标准品对照及已知全氟化合物的质谱信息分析,共鉴定出5种全氟酰氟,其中包括两种异构体;测得全氟环己烷酰氟约占总全氟酰氟含量的65%。 相似文献