双峰倍增配平导数—同步荧光法同时测定苯酚和间苯二酚的研究

本文提出用双峰倍增配平法计算解析苯酚和间苯二酚混合体系的一阶导数－同步荧光光谱，测定结果的回收率，精密度和两组分间浓度比范围均统一阶导数－同步荧光法优方法用于雷琐辛涂剂和水样中苯酚与间苯二酚的测定，结果令人满意。     

X-射线荧光光谱法快速测定电池填料中硫酸钡

在碱性电池中 ,其填料组成为二氧化锰、石墨、硫酸钡和 370g·L- 1氢氧化钾溶液。其生产工艺要求硫酸钡含量应在 1.6 %± 0 .2 %范围 ,但要求样品制备完成后其中硫酸钡含量测定的时间不能超过4h。即硫酸钡含量测定完成时间是选择分析方法的关键 ,显然用经典化学法不能满足上述对时间的要求。用X 射线荧光光谱法对上述样品的分析不超过 1.5h ,并且误差范围也可以满足要求。1　仪器与试剂岛津VF 32 0X 射线荧光光谱仪压片机 (日本岛津 )SRJX 4 15箱式电阻箱 (天津科学器材设备厂 )2 0 1型电热恒温干燥箱 (天津市实验仪器厂 )硫酸钡 (A .…     

Criegee中间体气相反应热力学的G2理论计算

Criegee intermediate is believed to play an important role in the atmospheric chemistry. Because of its short life and the difficulty in experimental study, we carried out ah initio calculations on the thermochemistry of the Criegee involving reactions in this study. Thermochemistry data of reaction enthalpies and Gibbs free energies for four different stable structures of the Criegee intermediates (singlet CH2OO ①1 A1 in C2v, triplet CH2OO ②3B1 in C2v, singlet CH2OO ③1A' in Cs and triplet CH2OO ④ in C1 symmetry) involved in some of the gas-phase reactions were calculated at the standard Gaussian-2 [G2(MP2) and G2] and a modified G2, G2(fu1)[10],levels of theory. Relative energies among those Criegees and formic acid were compared. Chemical reactions include the formation of Criegees, re-arrangement from Criegee to formic acid, dissociations (producing CH2(3B1)+O2, CH2(1A1)+O2, CO2+H2, CO2+2H, CO+H2O, OH+HCO) and the reactions between Criegee and NO/H2O. Standard equilibrium constants for some reactions were investigated and may be obtained for all of the rest reactions involved in this study by the standard Gibbs free energies. It is shown that the formation of Criegee ①-④ by ethylene and ozone, the re-arrangement from any Criegee to formic acid, the dissociation in producing CO2+O2and CO+H2O and the reactions between any Criegee and NO/H2O are all favourable thermodynamicaly. The dissociation in forming CO2+2H and OH+HCO is less favourable. While the dissociation in forming carbene (either in 3B1 or 1A1 state) is not allowed by ΔrGm? values. Standard enthalpies of formation at 298 K for the four Criegees were predicted at the G2(ful) level of theory. Each value is the average value from ten of the above reactions and they are -4.3, 74.8,98.9 and 244.6 kJ mol-1 at the G2(ful) level for Criegee ① to Criegee ④, respectively. In addition, tile standard enthalpy of formation at 298 K for HOCH2OOH is further predicted to be -315.6 kJ mol-1 at the G2(MP2) level.     

烷基铝的化学及其工业应用的进展

烷基铝早在1865年就已制得,但直到10年前它的应用还很少超出实验室范围。自1954年用烷基铝-氯化钛为催化剂的低压聚乙烯法出现以后,以三乙基铝为中心的烷基铝化学迅速发展,烷基铝的产量急剧增加,工业应用日益扩大。烷基铝在工业上除用作聚合催化剂外,作为化学中间体还发展了许多其他用途,有的已投入生产,具有很重要的意义。因之,烷基铝化学及其应用值得我们重视。近年来,烷基铝化学的发展主要在下列几方面: (1)烷基铝与烯烃的反应,由此可制得烯烃二聚     

4- (4,6-二甲基嘧啶-2-基)-3-硫代脲酸甲酯的合成晶体结构及量子化学研究

4-（4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl）-3-thio-allophanic acid methyl ester was synthesized with mixing 2-amino-4,6- dimethylpyrimidine, potassium thiocyanate and methyl chloroformate in ethyl acetate. Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction measurement were obtained by recrystallization from dimethylformamide at room temperature. The crystal belongs to monoclinic symmetry with space group C2/m, and crystal parameters of a= 1.7537（5） nm, b= 0.6759（2） nm, c=1.1148（3） nm, β=118.557（4）°, V=1.1605（6） nm^3, Z=4, De= 1.375 g/cm^3,μ=0.271 mm^-1, F（000）=504, and 1519 [1〉2σ（I）] observable independent reflections were used for the determination and refmement of the crystal structures with final R1 of 0.0372 and wR2 of 0.0992. The theoretical investigation of the title compound was carried out with DRT-B3LYP/6-311G, HF/6-311G and MP2/6-311G methods, and the atomic net charges and the population were discussed.     

裂解气相色谱法分析火场燃烧残留物的研究

采用裂解气相色谱法对四种不同木材原样及分别浸渍汽油和柴油的木材燃烧残留物进行了分析研究，结果表明，无论是不同种类的木材还是含有不同助燃剂的同种木材，其燃烧残留物的裂解色谱图都存在明显的差异，通过对火灾现场燃烧残留物裂解色谱分析，可以确定载体木材的种类及木材中是否浸渍过助燃剂汽油或柴油，从而为火灾原因调查中纵火案件的侦破和诉讼提供科学的依据和证据。     

镧三元配合物的合成、热稳定性及生物活性

在甲醇介质中,用La(ClO4)3•nH2O与丙氨酸（CH3CHNH2COOH,简称Ala）及咪唑（C3H4N2,简称Im）或苯并咪唑(C7H6N2,简称BenIm)合成出两个新三元配合物La(Ala)3Im(ClO4)3•3H2O(简称La1)和La(Ala)3BenIm(ClO4)3•H2O(简称La2).对配合物进行了容量分析及元素分析，确定了其组成.通过IR、UV、XRD及TG-DTG、DSC进一步研究了配合物的配位行为及热稳定性.生物活性试验表明该类配合物对5种菌均具有不同程度的抑制作用.     

双〔取代苯乙酮基β-二酮基〕合铜(Ⅱ)的合成及表征

用取代苯乙酮基β-二酮与醋酸铜作用合成了双[取代苯乙酮基β-二酮基]合铜(Ⅱ)配合物1—3。后者与氨基脲作用,得到相应的缩氨脲4—6。     

噪音对飞秒脉冲在光子晶体光纤中传输特性的影响

从非线性薛定谔方程出发,采用线性稳定性的分析理论和分布傅里叶的数值模拟方法,研究了噪音对飞秒脉冲在两个零色散波长光子晶体光纤中传输特性的影响和超连续谱的产生. 研究结果表明,在传输的初始阶段,无论有无噪音,频谱展宽的主要机制都是自相位调制;但噪音加快了脉冲的分裂,产生色散波所经历的传输距离比没有噪音时要短. 在传输的后续阶段,高阶孤子分裂产生基态孤子,与没有加入噪音时相比,噪音不仅减弱了孤子走离效应,而且还抑制了孤子自频移效应,使得从反常色散区转移至长波长处的能量变少.     

CH自由基和NO2反应研究Ⅱ.反应的动力学计算

采用MP2(FULL)/6-31G(d)方法从动力学计算上探讨了CH自由基与NO2反应的可能途径,找到了反应物,中间体及产物之间的能量通道和过渡态,报道了它们的构型、电子态及能量.并通过频率分析和IRC方法对所有的过渡态进行了验证.在此基础上求出了各步反应的活化能.在以前热力学研究的基础上,对于可能的反应通道进一步作了动力学分析,找到了反应主产物通道的分支比,与实验得到的分支比基本吻合.