饮用水中三氯甲烷与其他氯消毒副产物在活性炭上的吸附竞争研究

通过等温吸附实验,探究了三氯甲烷（CHCl₃）与二氯一溴甲烷（CHBrCl₂）、二氯乙酸（Cl₂CHCOOH）在活性炭上的竞争吸附关系,同时探究了在低浓度条件下CHBrCl₂和Cl₂CHCOOH浓度变化对活性炭吸附CHCl₃的影响。实验结果表明,活性炭吸附CHCl₃和CHBrCl₂符合Freundlich模型,对Cl₂CHCOOH的吸附符合Langmuir模型;活性炭对3种消毒副产物均为优先吸附,吸附能力由大到小依次为CHBrCl₂、CHCl₃、Cl₂CHCOOH;低浓度条件下,活性炭对消毒副产物的吸附效果随体系中物质种类的增加而降低;低浓度条件下,Cl₂CHCOOH的浓度变化对CHCl₃的吸附效果影响不大,但吸附效果随水体中CHBrCl₂浓度的升高而降低。     

压气机悬臂静叶流场非定常数值模拟

以现代高压压气机一排悬臂静叶与一排转叶组成的典型级为研究对象,采用非定常数值模拟方法,分析了非定常与定常数值模拟计算得出的级特性线以及峰值效率点气动参数在展向分布的差异,并对悬臂静叶内部流场结构进行了详细分析,结果表明:当悬臂静叶的轮毂设计间隙为2.5%叶高时,非定常计算的综合喘振裕度比定常大5.85%;在峰值效率点工况下,悬臂静叶总压损失和转子效率的非定常影响范围在10%以内,转叶进口相对气流角沿展向分布的影响在0.5°以内。悬臂静叶根部10%叶高以下区域出现了明显的泄漏流动,3.4%叶高压力系数变化最大,轮毂泄漏流起始于20%弦长附近,发展到70%弦长位置时泄漏损失最大,随后逐渐减弱.     

微波瑞利散射法测定空气电火花激波等离子体射流的时变电子密度

大气压空气电火花激波等离子体射流的电子密度在亚微秒时间尺度上瞬变,其电子密度的测定很难.基于微波瑞利散射原理,本文测量了空气电火花冲击波流注放电等离子体射流的时变电子密度.实验结果表明:测量系统的标定参数A为1.04 × 105 V·Ω·m–2;空气流注放电等离子体射流的电子密度与等离子体射流的半径和长度有关,结合高速放电影像展示的等离子体射流的等效半径和等效长度,测定的电子密度在1020 m–3的量级,且随时间先快速增长至峰值再成指数衰减.此外,本文还探讨了等离子体射流的不同等效尺度对测定结果的影响;分析结果表明,采用时变等效半径和时变等效长度的计算结果最有效,且第1个快速波峰是由光电离的电离波导致的.     

Ba2-xLaxTi4O11在静高压下的拉曼振动光谱及软模相变研究

 本文测量了Ba_1.8La_0.2Ti₄O₁₁和Ba_1.6La_0.4Ti₄O₁₁在静高压下的拉曼振动谱，发现了软模的耦合模行为。通过比较Ba₂Ti₄O₁₁的热力学理论计算值和实验数据，确认这种耦合是软模和一个声学模间的耦合，发生的相变是一个由具有B_g对称性的带中心软光学声子驱动的二级铁弹相变。     

Modification of Montmorillonite through Intercalative Polymerization

Montmorillonite(MMT) was modified through intercalative polymerization of phenol and formaldehyde catalyzed by oxalic acid.The modified montmorillonite was delaminated at large,as demonstrated by XRD and TEM studies,It can disperse easily in epoxy resion to from exfoliated nanocomposites.The nanoscale silicate platelets dispersed in water can be metallized by silver deposition.     

共軛高分子的研究——Ⅳ.以丁基锂与四氯化钛组合的催化剂的苯乙炔聚合

利用Ziegler型催化剂进行炔烃聚合的研究在近年来受到了注意。最近,Watson等以丁基锂与四氯化钛组合的催化剂进行乙炔、丙炔、丁炔-1的聚合,得到不溶性的聚合物,不过产率很低。我們利用丁基锂与四氯化钛组合的催化剂进行了苯乙炔的聚合,发现这个聚合反应很容易进行,得到可溶于苯的低聚物及不溶于苯的高聚物。現将結果简报于后。     

一种新颖1D链状聚合物[Ni(acac)2(dadpm)]∞的合成与晶体结构

The title compound [Ni(acac)₂(dadpm)]_∞ (acac=acetylacetonate, dadpm=4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane) was synthesized from Ni(acac)₂·2H₂O with dadpm in DMF. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray analysis revealed that the central Ni atom is at a center of symmetry, and is octahedrally coordinated by four O atoms from two acac anions and two N atoms from two dadpm ligands. Each dadpm ligand, which has a two-fold axis passing through its methylene C atom, bridges two Ni atoms to form a 1D polymeric chain. Neighboring chains connect via H bonding interactions to generate a 2D network. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2/c with a=0.556 79(7), b=0.896 06(12), c=2.187 3(3) nm, β=94.942(3)°, V=1.087 2(3) nm³, Z=2, D_c=1.390 g·cm^-3, F(000)=480, M_r=455.17, μ(Mo Kα)=0.924 mm^-1, R(F)=0.036 0, wR(F²)=0.101 0, S=1.013. CCDC: 254565.     

氧瓶-离子色谱法测定树脂中的卤素和硫元素

含有卤素和硫元素的树脂样品经氧瓶法燃烧分解，用含H2O2的去离子水溶液吸收，离子色谱法分离测定．本法简便、快速，特别适于测定树脂中不活泼的卤族元素，且可同时测定。CI、S的相对标准偏差分别为0．22%,0．36％，最大绝对误差分别为0．43％和0．80％。树脂中CI、S的含量在0．28mmol/g～14mmol／g内可用此法准确测定，其最低检测限为0．05mmol／g。     

四苯硼钠在活性炭表面吸附过程的疏水相互作用

In this paper, the adsorption characteristics of sodium tetraphenylborate(NaBPh4) on activated carbon at 298.2,303.2,308.2,313..2 and 323.2 K was studied.The results show that the adsorption isotherm of NaBPh4 on activated carbon at different temperatures could be described using Langrnuir equation. Furthermore, the standard Gibbs energy, enthalpy, entropy and hydrophobic interaction Gibbs energy for the adsorption of NaBPh4 on activated carbon were studied, and the result shows that the hydrophobic interaction of BPh4^- ion plays the most important role for the transfer of NaBPh4 from water to activated carbon surface.