微波瑞利散射法测定空气电火花激波等离子体射流的时变电子密度

大气压空气电火花激波等离子体射流的电子密度在亚微秒时间尺度上瞬变,其电子密度的测定很难.基于微波瑞利散射原理,本文测量了空气电火花冲击波流注放电等离子体射流的时变电子密度.实验结果表明:测量系统的标定参数A为1.04 × 105 V·Ω·m–2;空气流注放电等离子体射流的电子密度与等离子体射流的半径和长度有关,结合高速放电影像展示的等离子体射流的等效半径和等效长度,测定的电子密度在1020 m–3的量级,且随时间先快速增长至峰值再成指数衰减.此外,本文还探讨了等离子体射流的不同等效尺度对测定结果的影响;分析结果表明,采用时变等效半径和时变等效长度的计算结果最有效,且第1个快速波峰是由光电离的电离波导致的.     

Characteristic plume morphologies of atmospheric Ar and He plasma jets excited by a pulsed microwave hairpin resonator

Different discharge morphologies in atmospheric Ar and He plasmas are excited by using a pulsed microwave hairpin resonator. Ar plasmas form an arched plasma plume at the opened end of the hairpin, whereas He plumes generate only a contracted plasmas in between both tips of metal electrodes. Despite this different point, their discharge processes have three similar characteristics:(i) the ionization occurs at the main electrode firstly and then develops to the slave electrode,(ii) during the shrinking stage the middle domain of the discharge channels disappears at last, and(iii) even at zero power input(in between pulses) a weak light region always exists in the discharge channels. Both experimental results and electromagnetic simulations suggest that the discharge is resonantly excited by the local enhanced electric fields. In addition, Ar ionization and excitation energies are lower than those of He, the effect of Ar gas flow is far greater than that of He gas, and the contribution of accelerated electrons only locates at the domain with the strongest electric fields. These reasons could be used to interpret the different characteristic plume morphologies of the proposed atmospheric Ar and He plasmas.     

鹅不食草挥发油的抗炎镇痛活性

探究鹅不食草挥发油(VOCM)中具有抗炎镇痛作用的主要化学成分。用水蒸气蒸馏法提取VOCM;用硅胶柱色谱法分离VOCM;以大鼠足趾肿胀程度和小鼠耳肿胀程度为指标观察VOCM及其分离组分的抗炎作用;用热板试验评价VOCM及其分离组分的镇痛作用;用GC-MS分析VOCM及其各分离组分的化学组成。共分离VOCM得到4个组分分别记为VOCM1、VOCM2、VOCM3和VOCM4;VOCM、VOCM2和VOCM3对蛋清致大鼠足趾肿胀、二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀和热板致小鼠疼痛有显著抑制作用;用GC-MS分别从VOCM和VOCM1-VOCM4中鉴定出42、18、11、6和9种化学成分。VOCM2和VOCM3的化学成分为VOCM的抗炎镇痛主要有效成分。