黄油中8种类固醇激素的液相色谱/串联质谱检测

建立了黄油中雌酮、α-雌二醇、β-雌二醇、雌三醇、睾酮、表睾酮、孕酮和丙酸睾酮8种类固醇激素的凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)-液相色谱/串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品用乙酸乙酯-环己烷(1∶1,V/V)提取,提取液经GPC柱净化除脂,GPC浓缩液采用C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.0 mm i.d.,3.0μm)分离,以乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离多反应监测模式进行定性和定量分析。8种类固醇激素以基质匹配外标法定量,药物在1.0~20.0μg/kg线性范围内相关系数(r)均大于0.999;方法检出限(S/N=3)为0.04~0.30μg/kg,定量限LOQs(S/N=10)为1.0μg/kg;添加水平为1.0,2.0,4.0μg/kg时,回收率范围在64.1%~110%之间;相对标准偏差(RSD)小于11%。结果表明,本方法准确、可靠,满足黄油中8种类固醇激素的检测分析要求。     

超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆/复合线性离子阱质谱测定水样中三苯甲烷类及代谢物

建立了固相萃取(SPE)/超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆/复合线性离子阱质谱(UPLC-MS/MS/MS)同时测定水体中孔雀石绿(MG)、结晶紫(CV)、亮绿(BG)及其代谢产物隐性孔雀石绿(LMG)和隐性结晶紫(LCV)5种三苯甲烷类残留的方法。100 mL水样过滤后用对甲苯磺酸溶液调节pH=4,经MCX阳离子固相萃取柱富集净化后,采用BEH C18色谱柱,以乙腈-5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(含0.02%甲酸)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用"杆-阱扫描"(MRM-IDA-EPI)正离子模式进行检测。5种三苯甲烷类物质MG,LCV,BG,LMG和CV在0.02~10μg/L浓度范围内线性良好(r>0.998),回收率为70.9%~101%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为3.4%~11.9%,方法检出限为0.42~2.2 ng/L,定量限为1.7~8.7 ng/L。本方法快速、灵敏,适用于水体中5种三苯甲烷类残留物的痕量测定。     

电喷雾质谱脱溶剂过程的改进和应用

电喷雾电离(ESI)技术由于脱溶剂过程中产生的电解作用及溶剂蒸发作用,使得酸性溶液喷雾液滴中质子残留,pH值降低,导致蛋白质在液滴中的空间构象受到破坏,所得质谱图无法正确反映蛋白质在溶剂中的真实构象。本研究以两种经典蛋白质(细胞色素C和肌红蛋白)为实验样本,通过在ESI源和质谱仪进样端中间加入自行设计的空气放大器,产生高流速大流量气流,改善ESI脱溶剂过程。结果表明,电喷雾电离的初始液滴在高流速大流量气流引发的激烈碰撞中,被切割为粒径极小的喷雾液滴,同时液滴所带电荷被均分,从而使液滴pH值保持稳定,避免因ESI脱溶剂作用而破坏蛋白质的空间构象。基于高流速大流量气流在ESI脱溶剂过程的新机理,在使用商业化的ESI源时,着重于鞘气等脱溶剂辅助气体的使用和调节。通过增大鞘气的气流量保持蛋白质的生物构象。     

基于核酸外切酶Ⅰ催化的核酸降解反应构建乳腺癌细胞电化学传感器

基于核酸外切酶I选择性消化单链核酸的特点,使用MCF-7细胞表面过量表达的肿瘤标志蛋白MUC1的适体,构建了一种灵敏检测乳腺癌细胞的新型电化学传感器。核酸适体链与乳腺癌细胞MCF-7表面过量表达的肿瘤标志蛋白MUC1的结合会阻碍其与互补核酸探针链的杂交,所以电极表面固定的未杂交的核酸探针单链就会被外切酶I选择性消化从而失去末端的亚甲基蓝信号分子。因此,通过检测电化学信号的变化,此传感器在103~106cell/mL细胞浓度范围内线性检测乳腺癌细胞MCF-7,检出限为330 cell/mL,具有高度特异性,可以有效区分对照细胞胰岛β细胞。     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Tianagliflozin Triacetate

The title compound tianagliflozin triacetate 1 was synthesized and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The crystal belongs to monoclinic system(C27H31ClO8,Mr = 518.97),space group P21 with a = 5.3913(11),b = 16.137(2),c = 15.411(3) ,β = 94.15(3)°,V = 1337.3(5) 3,Z = 2,Dc = 1.289 g/cm3,F(000) = 548,μ = 0.190 mm-1,the final R = 0.0374 and wR = 0.0809 for 3981 observed reflections(I 2σ(I)).The structure of 1,triacetate of a highly potent SGLT2 inhibitor tianagliflozin,was unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,which helped to confirm the desired β configuration at the anomeric center and the position where the deoxylation occurred.The two benzene rings in the lattice are basically orthogonal to each other.There are four intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the crystal,which helps to further stabilize the crystal.     

Recent Advances of Lanthanide-transition Heterometallic Coordination Polymers

With the improvement of high-tech and emergence of crossing and new fields,lanthanide-transition(Ln–M) heterometallic coordination polymers have attracted much attention of many researchers,which exhibit novel structures and unique properties with potential applications in the nonlinear optical materials,fluorescent materials,superconducting materials,magnetic materials,catalysis,bio-simulation,adsorption and separation,and so on.It is thus necessary to summarize Ln–M heterometallic coordination polymers.According to the transition metal ions,those coordination polymers are divided into six parts to explore the current applications and future developments.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Properties of a Lanthanum(Ⅲ) Complex Based on a N,O-Donor Ligand

A novel metal-organic complex [La(o-NCP)3]n(o-HNCP = 2-(2-carboxyphenyl)imidazo(4,5- f)(1,10)-phenanthroline) has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared analysis and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The complex crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 9.898(2), b = 16.193(3), c = 16.909(3) , α = 67.68(3), β = 80.85(3), γ = 78.78(3)o, V = 2448.2(8) A3, Z = 2, Mr = 1156.9, Dc = 1.569 g/cm3, μ = 0.71073 A, F(000) = 1164, GOOF = 1.065, the final R = 0.051 and wR = 0.123 for 8539 observed reflections with I 2A(I). The complex exhibits a one-dimensional double chain structure. The adjacent chains are further connected by N–H...N hydrogen bonds which help to form a two-dimensional supramolecular architecture. Furthermore, the complex exhibits excellent thermal stability and luminescent property.     

Theory Study of the Adsorption of Hydrocyanic Acid onto Small Silver Clusters

Density functional theory calculations have been performed to study the interaction of small silver clusters, Ag2 ~Ag9, with HCN. The adsorption of HCN on-top site of the silver cluster, among various possible sites, is energetically preferred. The adsorption energies of HCN on the silver clusters reach a local maximum at n = 4, which is only about 0.450 eV, indicating that the adsorbed HCN molecule is weakly perturbed. The adsorbed C–N and C–H stretching frequencies are blue- and red-shifted compared with the values of free HCN, respectively.     

不同聚合机理的“平均聚合度”公式的分析讨论

平均聚合度和聚合度分布是决定聚合物产品质量的一个重要指标。平均聚合度直接表征聚合产品的分子量的大小,它的大小又决定高分子材料的性能,因此,研究平均聚合度具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。聚合反应按机理分类,可分为链型聚合和逐步聚合,链型聚合又分为自由基聚合、离子聚合、配位聚合,逐步聚合又分为缩聚和加聚反应。本文以自由基聚合、离子聚合、配位聚合以及缩聚的聚合机理为主线,对不同聚合机理对应的平均聚合度的公式进行推导和讨论,并加深理解,掌握其内涵。旨在提高学生对平均聚合度的认识和把握。     

ASE-GC-MS/MS测定细颗粒物(PM2.5)中24种多环芳烃

通过对前处理方法的比较,选择了快速溶剂萃取作为可吸入颗粒物中多环芳烃的提取方式,并且将ASE的萃取条件作了优化实验,确定ASE的优化结果为DCM:HEX=2:1,萃取温度为120℃,萃取压力为10.34 MPa。处理完的样品上气相色谱质谱-质谱测定,得到空白样品中24种PAHs均有检出,实际样品中的含量均低于10 ng/m L,6种替代物的标准曲线的相关系数在0.999以上,24种PAHs标准样品作了3个不同浓度范围的标准曲线,相关系数均在0.99以上。空白加标实验中得到6种替代物的回收率在58.7%~108.2%之间,24种PAHs的平均回收率在88.3%~104.0%之间,相对标准偏差均低于9.0%。样品加标实验中6种替代物的加标回收率在60.0%~106.5%之间,24种PAHs的回收率在78.0%~95.0%之间,相对标准偏差均低于6.0%。