The Synthesis of Glycoglycerolipids

A convenient synthetic route was developed for the synthesis of the novel glycolipids: 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-(2‘-acylamide-2‘-denxy-ct-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerols. 10 new compounds of glycolipids with different acyl groups were obtained.     

Measurement of the K α to L α and K β to L β intensity ratios of seven elements in the atomic number range 52≤ Z ≤62 using photoionization at 59.5 keV1

The Kα to Lα and Kβ to Lβ intensity ratios of seven elements have been measured following photoionization at 59.5 keV by using a Si (Li) detector (FWHM=155 eV at 5.96 keV). The intensity ratios were determined by measuring K and L x-rays emitted from a standard target of a given element. The theoretical values of the Kα to Lα and Kβ to Lβ intensity ratios were calculated using theoretically tabulated values of shell/subshell photoionization cross sections, fluorescence yields, Coster-Kronig transition probabilities, and radiative decay rates for ηKLi≠ and ηKLi=0. The measured values are in good agreement with theoretical results. From Optika i Spektroskopiya, Vol. 97, No. 2, 2004, pp. 186–189. Original English Text Copyright ? 2004 by A. Kü?ük?nder, S?ğüt, E. Kü?ük?nder, Büyükkasap. This article was submitted by the authors in English.     

Transition‐metal‐catalyzed reactions of 5‐methylene‐2‐oxazolidinone and 5‐methylene‐1,3‐thiazolidine‐2‐thione with isocyanates

5‐Methylene‐2‐oxazolidinone (1) and 5‐methylene‐1,3‐thiazolidine‐2‐thione (4) react with various isocyanates to give the corresponding urethanes 3 and 5 in high yields in the presence of palladium(0) or palladium(II) catalyst under mild reaction conditions. A mechanism is proposed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

空间非相干多分量光束构成的非相干耦合屏蔽孤子对

两束本身具有空间非相干性的非相干多分量光束可以在光折变介质中形成非相干耦合 屏蔽孤子对，利用相干密度法得到了亮 亮、暗 暗型耦合孤子对的解，并研究了构成 非相干孤子对分量光束的相干组分的传播特性. 关键词： 空间非相干多分量光束 耦合孤子对 相干密度 相干组分     

Combined intra-intermolecular criss-cross cycloaddition of a new fluorinated unsymmetrical allenylazine with alkynes

The reaction of a new fluorinated unsymmetrical allenylazine with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and phenylacetylene affords the combined intra-intermolecular criss-cross cycloaddition products, 2,3-disubstituted-1,10-diazatricyclo[5.2.1.0^4,10]deca-2,6-diene derivatives. The products contain three fused five-membered rings with two nitrogen atoms within an unsaturated heterocyclic system. The structures were assigned using 2D NMR correlations and in the case of the phenylacetylene adduct by X-ray structure analysis.     

Orbital formal normal forms for general Bogdanov-Takens singularity

We solve completely the problem of classification of germs of complex planar vector fields with nilpotent singularity with respect to formal orbital equivalence.     

Effects of Evanescent Space-Harmonics on the Transmission Characteristics of a Gaussian Beam by Cylindrical Wire Grids

When electromagnetic waves propagate through a wire grid, there will be some evanescent space harmonics generated around the wire grid. In this paper, we mainly investigate their effects on the transmission characteristics of a Gaussian beam by cylindrical wire grids. The results are compared with those without taking account of evanescent space-harmonics.     

一种新的超分辨记录点的读出技术

提出一种新的超分辨记录点的读出技术—超分辨反射膜技术，详细分析了其原理。用该技术，以Sb为超分辨反射膜，SiN为介电层，在激光波长为632．8nm和光学头的数值也径为0．40的读出光学系统中实现了直径为380nm的超分辨记录点的读出。同时研究了Sb薄膜厚度对读出信噪比的影响规律，发现最佳的Sb薄膜厚度为28～30nm，所得的信噪比为38～40dB。     

Study of the pulsed laser vapor doping of Si(1 0 0) with KrF excimer laser and BCl3 gas

The properties of pulsed laser vapor doping on p-Si(1 0 0) with a KrF (248 nm) excimer pulsed laser (248 nm) and BCl₃ gas are reported in this paper. The doped samples are characterized by the resistance measured using a four-probe method, since the sheet resistance changes with the carrier concentration of the sample. The doping effects with the variation of laser energy density, pulse number, and the pressure of BCl₃ were investigated in terms of the sheet resistance. In this way, the optimized parameters were obtained and used for the positive heavy doping on p-Si(1 0 0) and p-Si(1 1 1). Then, using a square mesh under the above conditions, an image doping was completed. Finally, the metal–semiconductor Ohmic contacts were realized by plating Ag and Cu films on the doped surface.     

Asymptotic properties of computationally efficient alternative estimators for a class of multivariate normal models

Parameters of Gaussian multivariate models are often estimated using the maximum likelihood approach. In spite of its merits, this methodology is not practical when the sample size is very large, as, for example, in the case of massive georeferenced data sets. In this paper, we study the asymptotic properties of the estimators that minimize three alternatives to the likelihood function, designed to increase the computational efficiency. This is achieved by applying the information sandwich technique to expansions of the pseudo-likelihood functions as quadratic forms of independent normal random variables. Theoretical calculations are given for a first-order autoregressive time series and then extended to a two-dimensional autoregressive process on a lattice. We compare the efficiency of the three estimators to that of the maximum likelihood estimator as well as among themselves, using numerical calculations of the theoretical results and simulations.