费托合成 Fe基催化剂中铁物相与活性的关系

 采用连续共沉淀和喷雾干燥相结合的方法制备了微球形 Fe 基催化剂, 采用 N2 吸附-脱附、X 射线衍射和穆斯堡尔谱等手段, 考察了催化剂在不同还原条件下铁物相的转变, 并在浆态床反应器中评价了催化剂的费-托合成 (FTS) 反应性能. 结果表明, Fe 基催化剂在合成气气氛下首先从α-Fe2O3 转变为 Fe3O4, 然后转变为铁碳化物 (FexC); 还原压力的增大有利于 α-Fe2O3 向 Fe3O4 的转变, 而抑制 Fe3O4 向 FexC 的转变; 还原空速的增加则促进 Fe3O4 转变为 FexC. 催化剂的 FTS 反应活性随着催化剂中 Fe3O4 含量的增加而逐渐下降, 而随着 FexC 含量的增加而逐渐上升.     

Ab Initio Study on the Mechanism of Cycloaddition Reaction between Silylene Carbene （H_2Si=C：） and Acetone

The mechanism of cycloaddition reaction between singlet silylene carbene and acetone has been investigated with CCSD(T)//MP2/6-31G method. From the potential energy profile, it can be predicted that the reaction has two competitive dominant reaction pathways. One consists of two steps: (1) the two reactants (R1, R2) firstly form a four-membered ring intermediate (INT4) through a barrier-free exothermic reaction of 585.9 kJ/mol; (2) Then intermediate (INT4) isomerizes to CH3-transfer product (P4.1) via a transition state (TS4.1) with energy barrier of 5.3 kJ/mol. The other is as follows: on the basis of intermediate (INT4) created between R1 and R2, intermediate (INT4) further reacts with acetone (R2) to form the intermediate (INT5) through a barrier-free exothermic reaction of 166.3 kJ/mol; Then, intermediate (INT5) isomerizes to a silicic bis-heterocyclic product (P5) via a transition state (TS5), for which the barrier is 54.9 kJ/mol. The presented rule of this reaction: the [2+2] cycloaddition effect between the π orbital of silylene carbene and the π orbital of π-bonded compounds leads to the formation of a four-membered ring intermediate (INT4); The unsaturated property of C atom from carbene in the four-membered ring intermediate (INT4) results in the generation of CH3-transfer product (P4.1) and silicic bis-heterocyclic compound (P5).     

基于低双折射光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的超低温度系数扭曲传感器

研究了低双折射光子晶体光纤中由光纤扭曲造成的圆双折射效应,并应用Sagnac干涉仪结构设计了扭曲传感器.在Sagnac环中的光子晶体光纤上施加机械压力引入初始线双折射并产生正弦干涉光谱,再扭曲光纤产生圆双折射使干涉光谱随扭曲角度移动.光谱峰值波长随扭曲角度变化符合Sinc函数关系,理论分析与实验相符.传感器灵敏度为1....     

Classification with Gaussians and convex loss Ⅱ:improving error bounds by noise conditions

We continue our study on classification learning algorithms generated by Tikhonov regularization schemes associated with Gaussian kernels and general convex loss functions. Our main purpose of this paper is to improve error bounds by presenting a new comparison theorem associated with general convex loss functions and Tsybakov noise conditions. Some concrete examples are provided to illustrate the improved learning rates which demonstrate the effect of various loss functions for learning algorithms. In our ...     

二苯酮类紫外线吸收剂衍生物的分子设计

UV-0为母体结构,设计了系列新型含氟衍生物,以增强二苯酮类紫外线吸收剂在涂层表面的含量,提高其抗紫外线性能. 为探讨含氟侧链的引入对几何构型和电子光谱等性质的影响,筛选新型紫外线吸收剂,采用量子化学密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31++G**水平上对标题化合物分子几何构型进行了优化和电子光谱研究. 计算结果表明：含氟侧链通过酯键连接时,随着侧链的增长,O17与环B之间的共轭作用减弱,分子共轭体系减小,对紫外线的吸收能力变弱;含氟侧链通过醚键连接时,其在230~290 nm、310~400 nm区间有更强的紫外线吸收能力,同时含氟侧链的长度对紫外吸收曲线的影响较小. 综合考虑衍生物的紫外线吸收能力和的表面富集能力,预测化合物Ⅴ最优.     

基于近红外光谱和支持向量机的子宫内膜癌早期诊断研究

近红外光谱结合化学计量学方法对癌症的辅助诊断已有了文献报道.该文测定了77例不同生理阶段的子官内膜组织病理切片的近红外光谱,对其分别进行多元散射校正(MSC)、正交信号校正(OSC)以及二者联用的预处理方法,采用拉丁配分法选择3/4样本作为训练集,1/4样本作测试集,建立支持向量机(SVM)模型进行分类,并与基于同样预处理方法建立的偏最小二乘(PLS)模型分类结果进行了比较.SVM对正常、增生和癌变三类不同的组织样品分类结果较好,总分类正确率约92%,好于PLS模型的结果(最高正确率90%).研究结果表明,光谱数据的预处理和建模方法对分类结果有重要影响,SVM结合子宫内膜组织的近红外光谱有望发展成为一种新型的肿瘤诊断方法.     

金纳米棒核/贵金属壳杂化纳米结构的可控制备和性质调控

贵金属纳米颗粒由于其独特的光学及催化性能引起了人们的广泛关注,而这些性能与纳米颗粒的尺寸、形貌、结构组成等密切相关.目前如何有意识地控制晶体生长过程,以得到人们需要的纳米结构和组成,仍具有相当大的挑战性.文章重点介绍了利用具有特定形貌和晶面组成的金纳米棒（Au nanorods）作为种子,借助形成核/壳结构,诱导了Ag...