质量控制图用于石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测海水中铅元素

为保证海水中重金属检测结果的准确可靠,以铅元素为例,每个工作日使用石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪平行测定铅质控样2次,收集20组有效数据后,通过计算均值、标准差得出上下控制限、警告线及辅助限,绘制出在当前实验室环境条件、仪器设备、试剂药品和人员水平等因素条件下的质量控制图。该质量控制图不仅用于实际检测过程中对检测结果进行监控,还可为该实验室的人员考核、留样复测等实验室质量控制行为提供结果判定依据。     

基于SERS纳米探针的细胞内硝基还原酶检测

在缺氧的肿瘤细胞内, 硝基还原酶(NTR)通常过表达且其含量高低与缺氧程度呈正相关, 因此开发高选择性检测NTR的方法对早期肿瘤诊断至关重要. 本文通过修饰对硝基苯硫酚(p?NTP)到金纳米粒子(Au NPs)表面构建了一种表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)探针. 在缺氧条件下, 以还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)作为电子供体, NTR可催化还原芳香硝基为芳香胺, 导致纳米探针的SERS光谱发生变化, 从而实现NTR的高选择性检测, 检出限低至18 ng/mL. 该探针毒性低、 生物兼容性好, 可用于缺氧条件下A549细胞内的NTR分析, 为肿瘤细胞的缺氧现象评估提供了一种有效的策略.     

二次包覆法制备煤沥青基硅/碳复合物及其锂离子电池性能

本文采用市售纳米硅为硅源,以软化点低、得碳率高、价格便宜的煤沥青作为碳源,通过两步包覆法制备了煤沥青基硅/碳(Si/C/C)复合物,并研究其作为锂离子电池负极材料的电化学性能。 结果表明,所得复合物的粒径在300~350 nm间,Si纳米粒子被C包覆并相互连结成C-Si-C网络结构,其中Si含量为27%的硅/碳复合物(Si/C/C-27%)作为锂电池电极材料表现了良好的储锂性能。 在0.1 A/g的小电流密度下,Si/C/C-27%的放电比容量为1281 mA·h/g;在3 A/g的大电流密度下,其放电比容量仍能保持在582 mA·h/g,表现了良好的倍率性能。Si/C/C-27%在2 A/g的电流密度下经过100次的循环后其比容量保持率为76.61%,表现了良好的循环稳定性。 相比于煤沥青基碳的一次包覆所得的硅/碳复合材料(Si/C),Si/C/C有效提高了Si纳米粒子的导电性并抑制了其在嵌锂和脱锂过程中的体积膨胀。 本文提出的二次包覆的新方法为制备具有优异电化学性能的锂离子电池负极材料提供了新的研究思路。     

Supramolecular Assemblies of Three New Metronidazole Derivatives Constructed with Various Dihydroxy-benzoic Acids via Hydrogen Bonds

Metronidazole(MTZ) is an important antibiotic, which has been widely applied to cure protozoal and bacterial diseases for human beings or animals. Herein, three novel drug supramolecular crystals constructed by MTZ with 2,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid(2,5-DHBA)(1), 2,6-dihydroxy-benzoic acid(2,6-DHBA)(2) and 3,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid(3,5-DHBA)(3), respectively, have been discovered. The hydrogen bonds of N-H···O(O-H···N), C-H···O and O-H···O play important roles in the 3D supramolecular framework formation for crystals 1-3. Interestingly, due to the vary locations of the substituent groups, the two-dimensional layers in crystals 1 or 2 are constructed via intermolecular hydrogen bonds between MTZ and 2,5-DHBA or 2,6-DHBA, while in crystal 3 water molecules play a significant role except the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between MTZ and 3,5-DHBA. In addition, five synthons of I R₂²(8), II R₃³(9) in crystal 1, III R₁²(4), IV R₂²(8) in crystal 2 and V R₂²(7) in crystal 3 formed through various hydrogen bonds are founded in this work. Systematic studies of syntheses, crystal structures and thermal analysis are reported.     

Expression and Characterization of an Active Chimeric Protein of Human Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase and hCuZnSOD in Pichiapastoris

Mammalian cells express two isoforms of Cu-and Zn-containing superoxide dismutases(SODs),CuZnSOD and extracellular SOD(EC-SOD),involved in the defense system against reactive oxygen species(ROS).The two SODs have structurally homologous centre domain with distinct N-and C-terminuses,resulting in the different characteristics of the structure and function of the two molecules.We generated a hybrid SOD molecule(namely hySOD) via replacing the N-and C-terminuses of hCuZnSOD with the counterparts of hEC-SOD.The...     

The Versatile Electronic,Magnetic and Photo-Electro Catalytic Activity of a New 2D MA2Z4 Family**

The recent successful growth of MoSi₂N₄ and WSi₂N₄ monolayers led to the discovery of a new class of the two-dimensional (2D) MA₂Z₄ materials with no known 3D layered allotropes, which renders great possibilities to integrate diverse properties by proper design of sandwiched “MZ₂” building blocks and “A−Z” passivation layers. In this work, the dynamic stability, electronic properties, and surface reactivity of the new MA₂Z₄ family, in which M is Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, A refers to Si or Ge, and Z is N, P or As, is theoretically probed. Among the proposed 54 possible combinations, about 42 compositions are dynamically stable, which vary from non-magnetic, anti-ferromagnetic, to ferromagnetic semiconductors, metals and half-metals. In particular, the VB (V, Nb, Ta) MA₂Z₄ possesses robust intrinsic ferromagnetism that is essential for spintronics applications. In regard to surface activity, most MA₂Z₄, particularly N- or P-terminated IVB and VB MA₂Z₄, have high catalytic potential for hydrogen evolution, and the ▵G_H of non-magnetic MA₂Z₄ is highly correlated to the highest occupied p electronic states of the surface Z atoms. The photocatalytic activity is also evaluated. MoSi₂N₄ and WSi₂N₄ within 4 % tensile strain are capable of photocatalytic overall water splitting. The findings indicate the new 2D MA₂Z₄ family has fascinating properties and possesses strong potential for applications but not limited to electronics, spintronics and catalysts, which will stimulate the interests of experimental synthesis.     

利用高压热处理技术提高Bi-2223/Ag高温超导带材临界电流

提高临界电流密度(Jc)对促进Bi-2223/Ag高温超导带材的应用有着重要意义.在常压热处理条件下所制备的带材中存在大量的裂纹、孔洞和第二相颗粒等,这些因素都会对带材的超导连接性能产生破坏作用.我们成功建立了一套可用氧气氛的热等静压设备,工作气压和温度可同时达到15MPa和850°C.通过引入裂纹愈合热处理过程,我们成功对带材进行了高压热处理,所得样品中第二相颗粒和裂纹数量大幅度降低,77K、自场下的临界电流相比常压热处理样品提高了20%左右.     

边界振动的微腔中薛定谔猫态的产生

采用全量子理论,考虑了边界振动的微腔(振动边界视作频率为ωm的量子谐振子)与单模辐射场构成的系统,在薛定谔绘景中,给出了系统的时间演化算符,得到了系统的态函数随时间的演化关系.结果表明,当振动边界回到初态时的腔场态能给出许多与已有文献不同的薛定谔猫态,且通过调整单模辐射场的频率可以选择想要的薛定谔猫态.     

Microcalorimetric Character of Inhibition of Salicylaldehyde Glucosamine Schiff Base SG on Bacterial Metabolism

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｉｎｃｅＳｃｈｉｆｂａｓｅａｎｄｉｔｓｍｅｔａｌｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｅｓａｒｅｏｆａｎｔｉｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｌａｎｄａｎｔｉｃａｎｃｅｒｂｉｏａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓ，ｔｈｅｙｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎａｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｏｆｍｕｃｈ...     

黑色素对流感病毒诱导细胞凋亡的抑制效应

用荧光染色技术及流式细胞仪分析方法研究了 Ａ１／京防８６１ 和 Ｂ／沪防９３１ 两株流感病毒感染与细胞凋亡的关系,探讨利用嗜麦芽假单胞菌黑色素抑制流感病毒诱导 Ｍ Ｄ Ｃ Ｋ 细胞凋亡的可能性 结果显示：黑色素在 １００ ｍ ｇ· Ｌ－ １ 浓度范围内,对 Ｍ Ｄ Ｃ Ｋ 细胞无细胞毒性; Ａ１／京防 ８６１ 和 Ｂ／沪防 ９３１ 两株流感病毒均可诱导 Ｍ Ｄ Ｃ Ｋ细胞凋亡,但二者存在毒力差异（ｐ＜ ０．０５）病毒感染１２ ｈ 后,荧光染色可观察到典型的凋亡核形态,流式细胞仪则可检测到病毒诱导 Ｍ Ｄ Ｃ Ｋ 细胞产生的凋亡峰,且细胞凋亡率分别为３７．０２％ 和 ２７２９％ ;２０ ｍ ｇ· Ｌ－ １ 的黑色素可有效抑制两株流感病毒诱导细胞凋亡,使细胞凋亡指数从２５％ ～３５％ 降至３％ 以下 结果表明,黑色素可以抑制 Ａ 和 Ｂ型流感病毒诱导细胞凋亡