HPLC–MS Analysis of Isoniazid in Dog Plasma

A simple, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric (LC–MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of isoniazid in dog plasma. Plasma samples were deproteined with methanol and separated on a C₁₈ column interfaced with a single quadrupole mass spectrometer, using 0.1% formic acid–acetonitrile (91:9 v/v) as mobile phase. Detection was performed by positive electrospray ionization with selected ion monitoring at m/z 138 for isoniazid and 152 for entecavir maleate internal standard. Linearity was obtained over the range of 25–5,000 ng mL^?1, with a lower limit of quantification of 25 ng mL^?1. The intra- and inter-day precision was less than 2.7% in terms of relative standard deviation. Accuracy, expressed as relative error, ranged from ?2.0 to 8.0%. Plasma samples were analysed within 5 min. The method was successfully applied to the evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in dog plasma.     

A new piezoelectric response model for population growth of bacteria

A piezoelectric response model on the population growth of microorganism is proposed. This model is based on a novel population growth model, which has a more obvious ecological meaning and the fact that the series piezoelectric quartz crystal (SPQC) sensor responses to conductivity changes of the medium during the growth of the microorganism. From the response model four parameters can be obtained including the maximum specific growth rate mu(m), saturated population size N(m), and two constants C and K(1). The influence of the parameters on the response curve is discussed in which the influences of mu(m) and N(m) are more obvious. With the proposed model the quantitative determination of bacteria may be more accurate than the frequency detection time (FDT) method. Then the growth of Escherichia coliform (E. coli) monitored with a SPQC sensor is compared with the simulated growth curve obtained by the proposed model and a good agreement is obtained.     

Electrochemical sensing in microfluidic systems using electrogenerated chemiluminescence as a photonic reporter of redox reactions

This paper describes a microfluidics-based sensing system that relies on electrochemical detection and electrogenerated chemiluminescent (ECL) reporting. The important result is that the ECL reporting reaction is chemically decoupled from the electrochemical sensing reaction. That is, the electrochemical sensing reaction does not participate directly in the ECL process, but because electrochemical cells require charge balance, the sensing and ECL reactions are electrically coupled. This provides a convenient and sensitive means for direct photonic readout of electrochemical reactions that do not directly participate in an ECL reaction and thus broadens the spectrum of redox compounds that can be detected by ECL. The approach can be implemented in either a two-electrode or bipolar (single-electrode) configuration. By manipulating the placement and dimensions of the conductors, the photonic response can be enhanced. The system is used to electrochemically detect benzyl viologen present in solution and report its presence via Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) luminescence.     

辅酶Ⅰ在β－萘醌磺酸根修饰金带电极上的电化学还原

研制了聚毗咯／ＮＱＳ修饰金带电极，讨论了ＮＱＳ／ＰＰｙ的电聚合过程及实验条件对金电极上吡咯聚合物膜性质的影响；用成核及生长理论解释了阴离子ＮＱＳ对电聚合过程计时电流曲线的影响，优化了ＮＱＳ／ＰＰｙ／Ａｕ电极的制备条件．该修饰电极稳定性好，对辅酶Ⅰ在金电极上的还原有催化作用．在ｐＨ＝７．０时催化电流在４．０×１０￣（－５）～１．５×１０￣（－３）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内与ＮＡＤ￣＋　浓度有线性关系，探讨了电催化作用的机制．     

Cu/SiO2催化剂上苯胺和正丙醇高效合成N-丙基苯胺

采用等体积浸渍法经程序升温焙烧制备了Cu/SiO2催化剂,考察了该催化剂对苯胺和正丙醇气相合成N-丙基苯胺的催化活性和选择性.常压下,当反应温度为260℃时,Cu/SiO2上正丙醇转化率达到100%,N-丙基苯胺选择性超过92%.X射线衍射分析表明,该催化剂具有较好的铜结晶度.     

Etorphine‐Related Ferrocenyl‐Substituted Morphinan Alkaloids

The two diastereoisomeric ferrocenyl‐substituted orvinols 2 and 3 were prepared. The modified alkaloids are still able to interact with opioid receptors (see Table). The ferrocene moiety allows highly selective and sensitive electrochemical detection. The X‐ray crystal structure of the major isomer 2 was determined. The combination of a metallocene and a morphinan alkaloid holds promise for useful antitumor activity.     

Dawson型磷钨酸催化合成乳酸月桂醇酯

用Dawson型磷钨酸催化合成乳酸月桂醇酯。实验结果表明:Dawson型磷钨酸有较高的催化活性,反应时间短,酯收率高,工艺简单。最佳工艺条件为:醇/酸摩尔比为1.5:1,催化剂用量为0.3%,带水剂甲苯体积(mL)与反应物质量(g)之比为0.4:1~0.5:1,反应温度为115~140℃,反应时间30~50min。在此条件下,酯收率可超过93% 。     

A new C21-steroidal glycoside from Cynanchum stauntonii

A new C21-steroidal glycoside with two known compounds were isolated from the root of Cynanchum Stauntonii.Based on thespectral analysis,including MS,1H NMR,13C NMR,DEPT,1H-1H COSY,13C-1H COSY,HMQC and HMBC,their chemicalstructures were determinated as glaucogenin-C 3-O-a-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-b-D-digitoxopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-canaropyranoside(1),stigmasterol(2)and ursolic acid(3).     

Alkylation of benzene with 1-hexene in acidic ionic liquid systems: Et3NHCl-FeCl3and Et3NHCl-AlCl3ionic liquids

Summary The alkylation of benzene with 1-hexene has been investigated in different triethylamine hydrochloride-ferric chloride (Et₃NHCl-FeCl₃) and triethylamine hydrochloride-aluminium chloride (Et₃NHCl-AlCl₃) ionic liquids. Both high catalyst activity and monoalkylation selectivity were observed for these two type of ionic liquids. Systems prepared by modification with HCl in Et₃NHCl-FeCl₃ionic liquids prove to be very suitable solvents and catalysts for the reaction. When employing Et₃NHCl-AlCl₃ionic liquids as catalysts, the reaction takes place in biphasic mode with facile catalyst separation and catalyst recycling.