热分析动力学与热动力学

正热分析动力学与热动力学是用热分析和量热技术研究某些物理变化或化学反应动力学的分支学科,是目前热化学最活跃的研究领域之一。热分析动力学主要研究反应过程的活化能和机理函数,热动力学则是在量热学、化学热力学和化学动力学的基础上,通过高精度、自动化和连续式的微     

银纳米簇荧光探针检测L-半胱氨酸

常温下合成了二氢硫辛酸(DHLA)包裹的银纳米簇(AgNCs),并基于L-半胱氨酸对AgNCs的荧光猝灭现象构建了AgNCs荧光探针对Cys的检测方法。结果表明,在优化条件下,AgNCs的荧光猝灭程度和Cys浓度在2.0~100μmol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系(R2=0.998),检出限为1.77μmol/L(S/N=3)。在人体血清样品中Cys检测的加标回收率为94.0%~102.4%。     

Ag3PO4量子点/石墨相氮化碳纳米片复合光催化剂的制备及其对苯甲醇选择性氧化活性

以热氧化剥离法得到的超薄石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)纳米片为载体,首次在室温条件下,制备了系列Ag₃PO₄量子点/g-C₃N₄纳米片复合光催化剂;通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、荧光光谱(PL),对复合光催化剂的形貌、结构和光学性质进行了表征,考察了系列光催化剂对苯甲醇的光催化选择性氧化性能。 结果表明,粒径为3~5 nm Ag₃PO₄颗粒均匀分散g-C₃N₄纳米片上,结晶度良好。 以乙腈为溶剂时,当m(Ag₃PO₄)/m(g-C₃N₄)=0.6时,苯甲醇具有32.1%的最大转化率,对产物苯甲醛具有90%的最高选择性;活性物种捕捉实验结果表明,该催化氧化反应的主要活性物是光生空穴的氧化作用,能带计算结果表明,该复合催化剂结构具有合适的苯甲醇的氧化电位而选择性生成苯甲醛。     

二次电池用局部高浓度电解质的研究进展与展望

电解质作为二次电池离子传导的重要介质,对于提升二次电池循环稳定性能、安全性能等方面起着至关重要的作用.局部高浓度电解质是指在高浓度电解质中加入“稀释剂”,形成盐的局部高浓度状态,既能兼具高浓度电解质的优异特性,又具有低成本和优良润湿性的特点,应用前景非常广阔.近几年,局部高浓度电解质在阻燃锂金属电池、高电压锂电池、低温锂电池、锂硫电池和钠电池等多方面应用广泛,且展现出非常好的使用效果.本综述重点从局部高浓度电解质的功能性应用角度出发,详细阐述了局部高浓度电解质的类型、制备、作用机理及其在不同二次电池中的功能性应用进展和主要研究现状,文末还对局部高浓度电解质的未来可能发展趋势进行了分析与展望.     

pH计检定仪期间核查方法

介绍pH计检定仪的4种期间核查方法:传递比较法、多台对比法、留样测量法、实验室间比对法。传递比较法能直接反应pH计检定仪的变化,适用于已建立pH计检定仪检定装置的单位;多台对比法与留样测量法方便、快捷,可操作性强,适合大多数单位进行pH计检定仪的期间核查;实验室间比对法对设备要求较低,但需要协调的单位较多,周期较长,费用较高,实用性差。     

Online high‐pH reversed‐phase liquid chromatography × low‐pH reversed‐phase liquid chromatography tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined with pulse elution gradient in the first dimension for the analysis of alkaloids in Macleaya cordata (willd.) R. Br

An online high‐pH reversed‐phase liquid chromatography× low‐pH reversed‐phase liquid chromatography tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined with pulse elution gradient in the first dimension was constructed to separate and identify alkaloids from Macleaya cordata (willd.) R. Br. The modulation was performed by using a dual second dimensional columns interface combined with a make‐up dilution pump, which is responsible for dilution and neutralization of the first dimensional effluent, and the dual second dimensional columns integrated the trapping and the separation function to reduce the second dimension system dead volume. Taking advantage of the dissociable characteristics of alkaloids, mobile phases with different pH values were applied in the first dimension (pH 9.0) and the second dimension (pH 2.6) to improve the orthogonality of two‐dimension separation. Besides, the pulse elution gradient in first dimension and second dimensional gradient were carefully optimized and much better separation was achieved compared to the separation with the traditional two‐dimensional liquid chromatography approach. Finally, mass measurement was performed for alkaloids in M. cordata (willd.) R. Br. by coupling proposed two‐dimensional liquid chromatography system with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, and 39 alkaloids were successfully identified by comparing the obtained result with the former reported results.     

Calcium ion pinned vanadium oxide cathode for high-capacity and long-life aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries

Science China Chemistry - Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), with the easy operation, cost effectiveness, and high safety, are emerging candidates for high-energy wearable/portable...     

时滞效应对弹性地基上梁主共振响应影响分析

本文研究了弹性地基上梁主共振响应的时滞效应．基于Hamilton原理,建立了时滞影响下弹性地基上梁的非线性运动微分方程,采用多尺度法,求得了时滞效应下主共振响应调制方程以及稳定性条件．通过数值算例,分析了时滞和调谐参数影响下主共振响应的峰值及幅频响应特性．结果表明,地基反力中的时滞效应对主共振响应影响较大,会导致共振域偏移,在一定区间内,响应幅值随时滞变化先减小再增大,呈现出周期性,并导致幅频曲线弯曲程度增大．     

Propagation of the state change induced by external forces in local interactions

This paper analyses the propagation of the state changes of agents that are induced byexternal forces applied to a plane. In addition, we propose two models for the behavior ofthe agents placed on a lattice plane, both of which are affected by local interactions. Wefirst assume that agents are allowed to move to another site to maximise theirsatisfaction. Second, we utilise a model in which the agents choose activities on eachsite. The results show that the migration (activity) patterns of agents in both modelsachieve stability without any external forces. However, when we apply an impulsiveexternal force to the state of the agents, we then observe the propagation of the changesin the agents’ states. Using simulation studies, we show the conditions for thepropagation of the state changes of the agents. We also show the propagation of the statechanges of the agents allocated in scale-free networks and discuss the estimation of theagents’ decisions in real state changes. Finally, we discuss the estimation of the agents’decisions in real state temporal changes using economic and social data from Japan and theUnited States.