基于色谱–光谱联用和斜投影法分析丹皮酚含量

将色谱–光谱仪联用(HPLC–UV)法与斜投影法结合,建立了丹皮酚含量快速分析方法。通过色谱–光谱联用采集丹皮酚结晶母液的紫外多波长光谱三维数据,构建不含丹皮酚的背景数据库以及丹皮酚光谱数据库,基于斜投影法步骤测定了批量样本中丹皮酚含量。结果表明:该方法计算结果和高效液相色谱分析结果接近,相对误差小于5.0%。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.4%~1.0%(n=5),回收率为98.8%~101.3%。该方法快速、准确,操作简单,可为丹皮酚结晶产品及各种制剂质量控制提供可行方案。     

Stability of fully discrete schemes with interpolation-type fractional formulas for distributed-order subdiffusion equations

Two fully discrete methods are investigated for simulating the distributed-order sub-diffusion equation in Caputo’s form. The fractional Caputo derivative is approximated by the Caputo’s BDF1 (called L1 early) and BDF2 (or L1-2 when it was first introduced) approximations, which are constructed by piecewise linear and quadratic interpolating polynomials, respectively. It is shown that the first scheme, using the BDF1 formula, possesses the discrete minimum-maximum principle and nonnegativity preservation property such that it is stable and convergent in the maximum norm. The method using the BDF2 formula is shown to be stable and convergent in the discrete H ¹ norm by using the discrete energy method. For problems of distributed order within a certain region, the method is also proven to preserve the discrete maximum principle and nonnegativity property. Extensive numerical experiments are provided to show the effectiveness of numerical schemes, and to examine the initial singularity of the solution. The applicability of our numerical algorithms to a problem with solution which lacks the smoothness near the initial time is examined by employing a class of power-type nonuniform meshes.     

A facile chemical reduction method for synthesis of platinum–iron catalysts on carbon fiber papers for methanol oxidation

To enhance catalytic activity and durability for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), we have fabricated bimetallic Pt–Fe catalysts on carbon fiber papers (denoted as Pt–Fe@CFP) by a facile chemical reduction method using iron as the precursor, ascorbic acid and sodium hypophosphite as the reductants, respectively. When ascorbic acid is using as the reductant, the Pt–Fe@CFP catalysts are composed of platinum and disordered Pt–Fe phases. The atomic ratio between Pt and Fe can be adjusted by altering deposition conditions. The Pt–Fe@CFP catalysts with Pt/Fe ratio of 1.1, which deposited with surfactant CTAB in bath at room temperature, exhibit excellent catalytic activity and stability in MOR. However, when sodium hypophosphite is employed as the reductant, the co-deposition of phosphorus would lead to a decreased catalytic performance in MOR.     

High‐order compact schemes for fractional differential equations with mixed derivatives

In this article, we consider two‐dimensional fractional subdiffusion equations with mixed derivatives. A high‐order compact scheme is proposed to solve the problem. We establish a sufficient condition and show that the scheme converges with fourth order in space and second order in time under this condition.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 33: 2141–2158, 2017     

Density functional theory study of p‐chloroaniline adsorption on Pd surfaces and clusters

The adsorption mode of aromatic molecules on transition metal surfaces plays a key role in their catalytic transformation. In this study, by means of density functional theory calculations, we systematically investigate the adsorption of p‐chloroaniline on a series of Pd surfaces, including stepped surfaces, flat surfaces, and clusters. The adsorption energies of p‐chloroaniline on these substrates [Pd(221), Pd(211), Pd(111), Pd(100), Pd₁₃‐icosahedral, Pd₁₃‐cubo‐octahedron, Pd₅₅] are ?1.90, ?2.13, ?1.70, ?2.11, ?2.53, ?2.65, ?2.23 eV, respectively. Benzene ring is adsorpted on catalyst rather than amine group in p‐chloroaniline molecular. A very good linear relationship is further found between the adsorption energies of p‐chloroaniline and the d‐band center of both Pd surfaces and clusters. The lower of d‐band center of Pd models, the stronger adsorption of p‐chloroaniline on catalysts. In addition, the frontier molecular orbital and density of states analysis explain the adsorption energy sequence: cluster Pd₁₃ > stepped Pd(221) surface > flat Pd(111) surface. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

AuNPs/Sol-gel复合膜法固定乙酰胆碱酯酶生物传感器检测有机磷农药

基于有机磷农药对乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase,AChE)的抑制作用,用金纳米粒子(Au nanoparticles,AuNPs)与壳聚糖/SiO2杂化溶胶-凝胶构成复合固酶基质,将AChE固定于玻碳电极表面,制备了电流型AChE生物传感器选用久效磷进行实验,以氯化硫代乙酰胆碱为底物,建立了电化...     

Seed‐Mediated and Iodide‐Assisted Synthesis of Gold Nanocrystals with Systematic Shape Evolution from Rhombic Dodecahedral to Octahedral Structures

We report the development of a seed‐mediated and iodide‐assisted method for the synthesis of monodisperse gold nanocrystals with systematic shape evolution from rhombic dodecahedral to octahedral structures. Particle growth is complete in 15 min at room temperature, so the process is fast and energy‐efficient. By progressively increasing the volume of KI used in a growth solution while keeping the amount of ascorbic acid added constant, nanocrystals with morphologies that vary from rhombic dodecahedral to rhombicuboctahedral, edge‐ and corner‐truncated octahedral, corner‐truncated octahedral, and octahedral structures were synthesized. The nanocrystals are monodisperse in size and readily form self‐assembled structures on substrates. By simply adjusting the volume of gold seed solution added to a growth solution, particle sizes of the octahedral gold nanocrystals can be tuned with average opposite corner‐to‐corner distances of 42, 48, 54, 60, 68, 93, 107, and 125 nm. In the presence of HAuCl₄, iodide may act as a reducing agent. Variation of its volume in the solution may slightly modulate the reduction rate and affect the final crystal morphology. Intermediate structures collected during crystal growth reveal the presence of many twisted structures that surround a developing nanocrystal core. This nanocrystal growth mechanism and the less important role of surfactant in directing the polyhedral nanocrystal morphology is discussed.     

New approach to differential equations with countable impulses

This paper provides a new approach to study the solutions of a class of generalized Jacobi equations associated with the linearization of certain singular flows on Riemannian manifolds with dimension n + 1.A new class of generalized differential operators is defined.We investigate the kernel of the corresponding maximal operators by applying operator theory.It is shown that all nontrivial solutions to the generalized Jacobi equation are hyperbolic,in which there are n dimension solutions with exponential...     

A Functional Analytic Approach to Perturbations of the Lorentz Gas

We present a functional analytic framework based on the spectrum of the transfer operator to study billiard maps associated with perturbations of the periodic Lorentz gas. We show that recently constructed Banach spaces for the billiard map of the classical Lorentz gas are flexible enough to admit a wide variety of perturbations, including: movements and deformations of scatterers; billiards subject to external forces; nonelastic reflections with kicks and slips at the boundaries of the scatterers; and random perturbations comprised of these and possibly other classes of maps. The spectra and spectral projections of the transfer operators are shown to vary continuously with such perturbations so that the spectral gap enjoyed by the classical billiard persists and important limit theorems follow.     

On real hypersurfaces in a quaternionic hyperbolic space in terms of the derivative of the second fundamental tensor

The purpose of this paper is to give a characterization of real hypersurfaces of type A₀, A in a quaternionic hyperbolic space QH ^m by the covariant derivative of the second fundamental tensor. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.