Ge(001)衬底上分子束外延生长高质量的Ge1-xSnx合金

Ge_1-xSn_x是一种新型IV族合金材料, 在光子学和微电子学器件研制中具有重要应用前景. 本文使用低温分子束外延(MBE)法, 在Ge(001)衬底上生长高质量的Ge_1-xSn_x合金, 组分x分别为1.5%, 2.4%, 2.8%, 5.3%和14%, 采用高分辨X射线衍射(HR-XRD)、卢瑟福背散射谱(RBS) 和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等方法表征Ge_1-xSn_x合金的材料质量. 对于低Sn组分(x≤ 5.3%)的样品, Ge_1-xSn_x合金的晶体质量非常好, RBS的沟道/随机产额比(χ_min)只有5.0%, HR-XRD曲线中Ge_1-xSn_x衍射峰的半高全宽(FWHM)仅100' 左右. 对于x=14%的样品, Ge_1-xSn_x合金的晶体质量相对差一些, FWHM=264.6'. 关键词： 锗锡合金 锗 分子束外延     

微波场中乙烷及丙烷气体水合物的分解特性

研究了2.45GHz微波场中I型乙烷水合物及II型丙烷水合物的热激分解过程,基于晶体表面两步分解机制的动力学模型,结合传热传质分析了其分解特性.结果表明:水合物在微波场中的加热分解是一个与实际微波电磁场相互耦合的过程,微波体积加热的特点强化了水合物颗粒表层的传热传质过程,时间累积的热效应增大了水合物晶体破解速率;在120至540W入射功率下,乙烷、丙烷水合物气化速率分别达到0.109-0.400mol·min-·1L-1及0.090-0.222mol·min-1·L-1.在一定范围内增大微波功率可显著提高水合物分解速率,其中乙烷水合物一直处于功率主控区,丙烷水合物更早进入功率和分解动力机制共同控制区.     

Simple One-Step Synthesis and Superconducting Properties of SmFeAsO1-xFx

The recent discovery of superconductivity in REFeAsO （RE, rare-earth metal） has generated enormous interest because these materials axe the first non-copper oxide superconductors with critical temperatures Tc exceeding 50 K as well as upper critical fields well above 100 T. However, for these new superconductors, very complicated synthesis routes, such as the complex two-step synthesis or high-pressure sintering, are required. Furthermore, there is the toxicity and volatility of arsenic to consider, sometimes a sealed quartz tube of arsenic exploded during annealing. We present a new method for producing high-temperature SmFeAsO1-xFx superconductors by using a one-step sintering process. Superconducting transition with the onset temperature of 54.6 K and high critical fields Hc2（0）≥200 T were confirmed in SmFeAsO0.7F0.3. At 5 K and at self field, critical current densities Jc estimated from the magnetization hysteresis using the whole sample size and the average particle size have reached 8.5×10^3 and 1.2×10^6 A/cm^2, respectively. Moreover, Jc exhibited a very weak dependence on magnetic field. This simple and safe one-step synthesis technique should be effective in other rare earth derivatives of iron-based superconductors.     

涡强化扁管管片散热器传热特性及场协同原理分析

本文以空气为介质(Pr=0．698),通过数值模拟的方法在Re=400-2000的范围内对涡强化扁管管片散热器内周期性充分发展的层流流动进行了模拟分析,说明了在不同Re下,涡产生器横向间距δ和涡产生器攻角β改变时对局部NuLocal、横断面上的平均Nub和整体平均Nut的影响,以及对局部协同角θLocal、横断面上的平均协同角θb 和整体平均协同角θt的影响,通过比较分析得出协同角的变化趋势与换热强烈程度的变化趋势是完全和场协同原理相符合的,说明纵向涡强化换热的根本机理是改善了速度场与温度场的协同。     

The relationship between absolute vorticity flux along the main flow and convection heat transfer in a tube inserting a twisted tape

As passive enhancement devices, twisted tape insert has been used for almost a century, the most dominant heat transfer enhancement mechanism of circular tube fitted with twisted tape is the secondary flow generated by the tape. There is a parameter to specify the intensity of secondary flow, but this parameter cannot be applied to more general cases. Here cross-averaged absolute vorticity flux in the main flow direction is used to specify the intensity of secondary flow produced by twisted tape inserted in a tube. The relationship between the intensity of secondary flow and the intensity of laminar convective heat transfer is studied using a numerical method. The results reveal that the cross-averaged absolute vorticity flux in the main flow direction can reflect the intensity of secondary flow and a significant relationship between this cross-averaged absolute vorticity flux and Nusselt number exists for studied cases. The presented results validate that the cross-averaged absolute vorticity flux in the main flow direction is a general specifying of the intensity of secondary flow and can be used in other cases.     

基于复合蜂窝结构的宽带周期与非周期声拓扑绝缘体

具有良好可重构性、良好缺陷兼容性及紧凑型的声学拓扑结构可能成为声学发展中一个有前景的方向.本文设计了一种可调谐、应用于空气声的二维宽带复合蜂窝形晶格结构,其元胞拥有两个变量:一个是中心圆的缩放参数s,另一个是"花瓣"图案围绕其质心的旋转角度q.研究发现当s为1.2, q为±33°时,在结构的布里渊区中心点出现四重简并态.在±33°两侧,能带会发生反转,体系经历拓扑相变;同时,结构的相对带隙宽带逐渐增加,其中q为0°和60°时,相对带宽分别为0.39和0.33.本研究还计算了由这两种转角的声子晶体组成的拼合结构的投影能带,发现在其体带隙中存在着边界态并验证了此拓扑边界的缺陷免疫特性.最后通过变化s,构建了一种非周期性双狄拉克锥型的声拓扑绝缘体并验证了其缺陷免疫性.本研究的体系相对带宽显著超过已知体系,将为利用声拓扑边界的声波器件微型化打下良好的基础.     

Detecting a single atom in a cavity using the χ(2) nonlinear medium

We propose a protocol for detecting a single atom in a cavity with the help of the χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear medium. When the χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear medium is driven by an external laser field, the cavity mode will be squeezed, and thus one can obtain an exponentially enhanced light-matter coupling. Such a strong coupling between the atom and the cavity field can significantly change the output photon flux, the quantum fluctuations, the quantum statistical property, and the photon number distributions of the cavity field. This provides practical strategies to determine the presence or absence of an atom in a cavity. The proposed protocol exhibits some advantages, such as controllable squeezing strength and exponential increase of atom-cavity coupling strength, which make the experimental phenomenon more obvious. We hope that this protocol can supplement the existing intracavity single-atom detection protocols and provide a promise for quantum sensing in different quantum systems.     

Discovery and Application of New Bacterial Strains for Asymmetric Synthesis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis>-Tert-Butyl Leucine in High Enantioselectivity

Discovery of new bacterial strains with fast identification in a miniaturized system was performed for the synthesis of optically active L-tert-butyl leucine. With tert-butyl leucine amide as nitrogen source, one bacterial strain with high conversion and high enantioselectivity was discovered among 120 isolated microorganisms from local soils and identified as Mycobacterium sp. JX009. Glucose and ammonium chloride were examined as the good carbon source and nitrogen source for the cells’ growth separately. The cells grew better at 30 °C and at pH 7.5 with higher activity of 2,650 U/l in comparison with other conditions. Cells’ stability was improved by immobilization on synthetic resin 0730 without pretreatment. Tert-butyl leucine amide (30 mM) was successfully hydrolyzed by immobilized cells and examined as the highest chemical concentration that cells could endure. After six reaction cycles, the immobilized cells retained 90% activity with production of L-tert-butyl leucine in 98% ee. The results firstly reported the application of new bacterial strain in the hydrolysis of tert-butyl leucine amide to produce optically active L-tert-butyl leucine in an efficient way with investigation in detail.