极贫金属星CS22892-052重元素丰度的研究

根据太阳系的重核素丰度分布 ,提出了一种利用 3种中子俘获过程的典型代表元素的丰度观测值计算贫金属星重核素丰度的方法 ,并计算了极贫金属星CS2 2 892 0 5 2的重元素丰度分布     

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy based on conical holed enhancing substrates

In this contribution, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based on conical holed glass substrates deposited with silver colloids was reported for the first time. It combines the advantages of both dry SERS assays based on plane films deposited with silver colloids and wet SERS assays utilizing cuvettes or capillary tubes. Compared with plane glass substrates deposited with silver colloids, the conical holed glass substrates deposited with silver colloids exhibited five-to ten-folds of increase in the rate of signal enhancement, due to the internal multiple reflections of both the excitation laser beam and the Raman scattering photons within conical holes. The application of conical holed glass substrates could also yield significantly stronger and more reproducible SERS signals than SERS assays utilizing capillary tubes to sample the mixture of silver colloids and the solution of the analyte of interest. The conical holed glass substrates in combination with the multiplicative effects model for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (MEM_SERS) achieved quite sensitive and precise quantification of 6-mercaptopurine in complex plasma samples with an average relative prediction error of about 4% and a limit of detection of about 0.02 μM using a portable i-Raman 785H spectrometer. It is reasonable to expect that SERS technique based on conical holed enhancing substrates in combination with MEM_SERS model can be developed and extended to other application areas such as drug detection, environmental monitoring, and clinic analysis, etc.     

准等熵压缩实验中金属铝的热力学耗散分析

为获取高压下材料的纯热力学压力-比容参考线和完全物态方程,减去应力-应变曲线中的其它信息,对准等熵压缩实验中由加载应变率引起的黏性耗散和热传导引起的热耗散做了分析讨论。基于反积分计算和流体动力学积分计算相结合的方法,根据激光加载(约108 s-1)和磁驱动准等熵压缩(约105 s-1)的实验数据,对材料声速、应力-应变曲线、温度和熵增等物理量进行计算,分析了不同应变率与该物理量的关系;还对热传导和SCG本构模型进行了计算,分析了热传导引起的温度变化对材料屈服强度、剪切模量和拉格朗日声速的影响。结果表明:激光加载实验中,应变率引起的温升差异约为180K,熵增差异约为250J/(kg·K),热传导导致温度下降40K;磁驱动准等熵压缩应变率较低,引起的熵增变化小于8J/(kg·K)。     

pH值和前驱体用量对核壳结构PSt/SiO2复合微球结构形态的影响

首先通过无皂乳液聚合法制得表面含羧基、粒径为360 nm的单分散聚苯乙烯(PSt)种子乳液,并在EtOH/H2O混合介质中用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)对其进行改性,制得表面含有活性硅乙氧基并带有正电荷的改性PSt乳胶粒,然后再加入原硅酸乙酯(TEOS)进行共水解与共缩聚反应,制备出了核壳结构PSt/SiO2...     

Indicator approach to develop a chemosensor for the colorimetric sensing of thiol-containing water and its application for the thiol detection in plasma

A strategy for the determination of the presence of thiol-containing amino acids was successfully established by simply assembling copper chloride and xylenol orange (3,3'-bis[N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)aminomethyl]-o-cresolsulfonephthalein trisodium salt; XO) in a 1 : 1 molar ratio in quasi-physiological water solution (pH 6.0). The copper(II)-XO ensemble was highly selective for thiol species such as cysteine, homocysteine, and glutathione without interference from other amino acids and could quantitatively detect thiol in the range from 10 to 200 μM with a linear relationship having an average molar absorbance constant of 6530 L mol(-1) cm(-1) in pure water. The whole recognition process for thiol gave rise to a rapid visual color change from purple-red to yellow which can be observed simultaneously with the naked-eye.     

波长调制吸收光谱技术的燃气轮机燃烧室温度组分二维分布测量方法

可调半导体激光光谱技术（TDLAS）可实现温度、组分浓度等多参数同时测量,具有体积小、响应速度快、环境适应性高等优点,逐渐成为燃烧流场诊断的主要手段之一。TDLAS光谱测量常采用直接吸收技术和波长调制技术,其中强度归一化的波长调制技术,适合存在振动、湍流等致光束偏转效应和强辐射本底等恶劣应用环境条件的燃气轮机流场参数测量。基于TDLAS技术,开展了1f归一化波长调制技术燃气轮机燃烧室温度、组分浓度参数测量方法研究和实验室验证工作,并在某燃气轮机单喷嘴台架进行了冷态、热态试验验证,实现了燃气轮机燃烧室沿气流方向温度及H₂O、CH₄浓度二维分布测量。采用1f归一化波长调制技术抑制台架振动、热辐射背景噪声,采用1 392,1 469和1 343 nm蝶形封装的DFB激光器,三支激光器的出光方式为时分复用,选取H₂O的7 185.6,6 807.83和7 444.3 cm-1处的吸收线,两两组合使用,测量热态下一定范围内的温度和H₂O浓度;采用1 654 nm蝶形封装的DFB激光器,选取CH₄的6 046.96 cm-1处的吸收线进行冷态CH₄浓度测量。实验室对测量系统可靠性进行验证,配置4%~6%范围内的CH₄气体进行测量并与实际值对比,浓度测量最大相对偏差为3.72%;在高温炉中设定900~1 500 K范围内的温度台阶,充入纯水汽,计算不同设定温度和压力下的温度和浓度测量值,温度测量最大相对偏差3.07%,浓度测量最大相对偏差为-2.00%,验证了该测量系统的可靠性。台架燃气轮机实验中,集成了一套小型化测量仪器,设计多束激光收发一体的测量结构。实验采用两个电动位移台,搭载测量结构,每间隔5 mm逐点移动采样,对燃气轮机燃烧室300 mm×60 mm的燃烧区域进行测量,获取了若干工况下冷热态结果。通过双三次插值的方法绘制分辨率为0.5 mm的二维流场分布图,结果分别反映了测量区域范围内CH₄和火焰分布的真实状态。为燃气轮机喷嘴燃料、空气掺混情况和燃烧特性研究提供了新的研究方法和技术手段。     

蓝色氧化钨的光电子能谱研究

本文用光电子能潜技术对蓝色氧化钨的表面价态进行了一系列研究。结果表明:蓝色氧化钨并不是单一价态的氧化钨,而是由W⁺⁵和W⁺⁶两种价态组成。氩离子刻蚀,真空高温处理都是一个失氧还原过程,也是钨由高价态向低价态的转变过程。同时,费密能级附近的态密度随着价态变低而逐渐增加。 关键词：     

SmBa2Cu3O7-x超导块材纳米粉合成工艺研究

本文采用不同相成分纳米前驱粉，制备了一系列SmBa2Cu3O7-x块材，并对其制备工艺进行了研究．纳米前驱粉制备采用本中心自行研发的一种简便高效的“凝胶快速分解法”．研究结果表明，采用“凝胶快速分怨法”，经650℃-950℃的适当热处理可以得到不同相成分的纳米前驱粉；在一定的温度和时间范围内，前驱粉的粒度基本不受热处理温度的影响．磁测量的结果表明，化学成分相同时，前驱粉的相组成对最终的SmBa2Cu3O7-x块材的临界超导转变温度（Tc）并无明显影响．     

关于剩余有限群的Profinite完备化

设G是个剩余有限群,本文深入地讨论了G的Profinite完备化之间的关系,得到了整齐的结