Integrating Time-Resolved Imaging Information by Single-Luminophore Dual Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence

The fact that the lifetime of photoluminescence is often difficult to access because of the weakness of the emission signals, seriously limits the possibility to gain local bioimaging information in time-resolved luminescence probing. We aim to provide a solution to this problem by creating a general photophysical strategy based on the use of molecular probes designed for single-luminophore dual thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). The structural and conformational design makes the dual TADF strong in both diluted solution and in an aggregated state, thereby reducing sensitivity to oxygen quenching and enabling a unique dual-channel time-resolved imaging capability. As the two TADF signals show mutual complementarity during probing, a dual-channel means that lifetime mapping is established to reduce the time-resolved imaging distortion by 30–40 %. Consequently, the leading intracellular local imaging information is serialized and integrated, which allows comparison to any single time-resolved signal, and leads to a significant improvement of the probing capacity.     

微乳液静电纺丝制备多孔Nb4N5纤维及其电化学性能

以五氯化锯为原料,液体石蜡为分相剂,采用微乳液静电纺丝技术制备前驱体纤维,再经氨气还原氮化得到多孔氮化锯纤维.利用XRD、SEM、BET等进行物相及微观结构表征,结果表明合成的纤维为四方Nb4N5晶相,纤维连续,直径为260 nm,由于液体石蜡分相以及助纺剂PVP的分解作用,在纤维上形成较多孔道结构,其BET比表面积为125m2/g,孔径为2～5nm范围内的孔结构比例较高,同时在5～10 nm 范围也存在较多的孔道结构,平均孔径为7.3 nm.采用CV、GCD及EIS等测试其电化学性能发现,氮化锯纤维的储能主要受电极表面电荷传递过程控制的,外表面比电容贡献高,这得益于分布在纤维中的孔结构,其可为离子传输提供通道,并为电化学反应提供空间.当电流密度为5mA/g时,比电容为151 F/g,能量密度为7.73 Wh/kg时,功率密度为3.03 W/kg,其经2000次循环后其比电容保持在95;以上.     

基于炼焦煤族组成和结构参数的焦炭质量预测模型及其成焦机理

以五种炼焦煤和44组配合煤为研究对象,在40 kg小焦炉环境下完成煤杯炼焦实验,以煤全组分分离所获得的煤重质组、密中质组和疏中质组收率Y_(HC)、Y_(DMC)、Y_(LMC)及反映煤中氢键缔合情况和脂肪链长短或支链化程度的红外光谱参数I3、I4为主要指标,通过BP神经网络分析方法建立了焦炭质量预测模型,并讨论了模型的特点,分析了新模型下的成焦机理。结果表明,使用新的煤组成结构参数预测焦炭质量具有一定优势,成焦率(CR)、显微强度(MSI)、粒焦反应性(PRI)和反应后强度(PSR)的预测值和实测值有较好一致性,对y=x的拟合相关系数分别达到0.986、0.982、0.956和0.926。模型对CR、MSI和PRI的预测效果较好,九个预测样本的平均偏差分别为0.53%、1.58%和1.28%;但对反应后强度PSR预测效果较差,平均偏差在12.22%。研究结果为建立炼焦配煤新方法提供了良好基础。     

Dynamic Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence by Photoactivation

Smart materials with ultralong phosphorescence are rarely investigated and reported. Herein we report on a series of molecules with unique dynamic ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) features, enabled by manipulating intermolecular interactions through UV light irradiation. Our experimental data reveal that prolonged irradiation of single‐component organic phosphors of PCzT, BCzT, and FCzT under ambient conditions can activate UOP with emission lifetimes spanning from 1.8 to 1330 ms. These phosphors can also be deactivated back to their original states with short‐lived phosphorescence by UV irradiation for 3 h at room temperature or through thermal treatment. Additionally, the dynamic UOP was applied successfully for a visual anti‐counterfeiting application. These findings may provide unique insight into dynamic molecular motion for optical processing and expand the scope of smart‐response materials for broader applications.     

纳米氧化镱对熔融石英析晶动力学机制的影响

本文研究引入纳米氧化镱对熔融石英析晶机制及动力学过程的影响。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)测试结果分析了纳米氧化镱的引入对熔融石英陶瓷析晶率的影响,采用动力学方法分析了纳米氧化镱的引入对熔融石英陶瓷析晶机制的影响,同时探讨了其等温析晶动力学过程。研究表明,熔融石英陶瓷的晶粒向二维兼有一维及三维的方式生长,引入纳米氧化镱的熔融石英陶瓷的晶粒则向二维兼有三维的方式生长;试样B和试样Y的析晶活化能E分别为874 kJ/mol和1 188 kJ/mol。在熔融石英陶瓷中引入纳米氧化镱能够大幅度减少SiO₂玻璃脱玻为方石英的“活性成核点”,增加玻璃表面结构稳定性,提高析晶活化能,大大降低熔融石英的析晶率。     

1-(2-羟甲基-1,3-氧硫杂环戊基)吡啶酮类化合物的合成

研究了1,3-氧硫杂环戊烷核苷类似物的合成. 以吡啶酮为碱基, 利用三甲基硅基三氟甲磺酸酯(TMSOTf)催化, 与1,3-氧硫杂环戊烷发生Vorbruggen缩合反应, 合成了一系列的保护的核苷类似物, 经过进一步脱保护或者还原得到目标产物. 并测试了合成化合物的抗菌活性, 发现该类化合物对革兰氏阳性菌具有中等抑制活性.     

Proton Transfer Isomerization of Pyrazole in the Ground State： σ vs π Mechanism and Water Assisting Effect

The proton transfer isomerization of pyrazole and the water assisting effect by looping 1 to 4 water molecules on the singlet state potential energy surface have been investigated by using hybrid density functional theory method （B3PW91） with a 6-311＋＋G^＊＊ basis set. Two mechanisms were proposed to explain the mono- and multi-water assisting effects, respectively. The reactants and products of all groups have been characterized on their potential energy surfaces. For the isomerizafion of monomolecule pyrazole, the isomeriz＇ation energy barrier is 46.4 kcal·mol^-1. For the monohydration assisting mechanism, the reactant complex is connected to the product complex via two saddle points. The corresponding isomerization barriers are 46.7and 23.0 kcal·mol^-1, respectively. As to the multihydration assisting mechanism, the isomerization barriers are 12.0, 10.9 and 13.14 kcal·mol^-1 accordingly, when the number of water molecules is 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The multihydration assisting isomerization can occur in water-dominated environments, for example, in the organism, and thereby is crucial to energy transference. The deproton and dehydrogen energies of monomolecule pyrazole and various hydrated pyrazoles were calculated and then found much bigger than the isomerization barriers of their relative complexes, suggesting the impossibility of deprotonation or dehydrogenation. The isomerization of pyrazole is a proton-coupling-electron-migration process, but two different mechanisms are noticed, viz. σ- and π-type mechanisms. The π-bond of pyrazole participates in isomerization in the π-type mechanism, whereas only o-electron takes part in isomerization in the σ-type mechanism.     

Tuning the CO2 Hydrogenation Selectivity of Rhodium Single-Atom Catalysts on Zirconium Dioxide with Alkali Ions

Tuning the coordination environments of metal single atoms (M₁) in single-atom catalysts has shown large impacts on catalytic activity and stability but often barely on selectivity in thermocatalysis. Here, we report that simultaneously regulating both Rh₁ atoms and ZrO₂ support with alkali ions (e.g., Na) enables efficient switching of the reaction products from nearly 100 % CH₄ to above 99 % CO in CO₂ hydrogenation in a wide temperature range (240–440 °C) along with a record high activity of 9.4 mol_CO g_Rh⁻¹ h⁻¹ at 300 °C and long-term stability. In situ spectroscopic characterization and theoretical calculations unveil that alkali ions on ZrO₂ change the surface intermediate from formate to carboxy species during CO₂ activation, thus leading to exclusive CO formation. Meanwhile, alkali ions also reinforce the electronic Rh₁-support interactions, endowing the Rh₁ atoms more electron deficient, which improves the stability against sintering and inhibits deep hydrogenation of CO to CH₄.     

Two-dimensional Supramolecular Polymers Based on Selectively Recognized Aromatic Cation-π and Donor-Acceptor Motifs for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Two-dimensional (2D) organic polymers have recently received considerable interest, especially those whose architectures are held together via supramolecular engineering. However, current approaches toward supramolecular 2D structures usually suffer from mutual interference of noncovalent interactions and lack of intrinsic functions. Herein, we report well-regulated 2D supramolecular polymers (2DSPs) through an aromatics-selective recognition strategy of cation-π and donor-acceptor (D-A) motifs, which are derived from C₄-symmetric cationic monomers and electron-withdrawing molecules. By subtly designing the strength and direction of noncovalent driving forces, the mutual interference between cation-π and D-A interactions is effectively avoided, enabling the construction of 2DSPs in aqueous solution. On this basis, the resultant 2DSPs possess boosted photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity at a rate of 600 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹, which is mainly ascribed to the specific stacking mode of cation-π/D-A motifs and the ordered 2D structures.     

The OH-anion acting as an acid

In the crystalline state, the OH- anion is shown to be capable of acting as a base or as an acid with respect to waters of crystallization to which it is linked by hydrogen bonds. We examined the OH- anion in three crystalline samples and studied its behavior using quantum mechanics. Four quantum mechanical approximations were employed (HF, B3LYP, SVWN, and MP2) to obtain the relative stability of isomers of the H3O2- molecule in the three crystals considered. In one crystal state (LICQIX), the H3O2- anion corresponds to a geometry in which OH- acts as an acid, but not so as a free molecule. The free anion H3O2- has two qualitatively different structures. In one structure, the hydrogen bond is long, while in the other structure, the hydrogen bond is shorter and the hydrogen atom lies at an equal distance between donor and acceptor oxygen atoms.