用于航天的高分辨率大视场光学系统设计

设计了一种用于图像拍摄的高分辨率大视场光学系统,其结构形式为复杂化的反摄远基本型.主要光学参量为:f′=6.59 mm,2ω=62°,F数为2.2;在85 lp/mm处,MTF达到0.8,在230 lp/mm处MTF为0.46,基本达到衍射极限,光谱范围为0.486~0.656 μm.设计评价结果表明,该系统的光学性能能够满足成像质量要求,达到了大视场、高分辨率的目的.     

4-(E-3-乙氧基-3-氧代-1-丙烯-1-基)苯基硼酸的合成工艺研究

4-(E-3-乙氧基-3-氧代-1-丙烯-1-基)苯基硼酸是一种重要的有机中间体。本文以4-甲酰基苯硼酸为起始原料,经Wittig-Horner反应合成了标题化合物。该合成方法未见文献报道,原料廉价易得,操作简便易控,反应条件温和,产品纯度较高,适合工业化生产。反应收率为78.8%。     

载体形貌对Ni3Fe/CeO2催化剂甲烷干重整反应性能的影响

通过改变水热法条件合成了不同形貌CeO₂载体(棒状CeO₂-R、立方体CeO₂-C和多面体CeO₂-P),并用浸渍法制备了Ni₃Fe/CeO₂催化剂,继而研究了不同载体形貌Ni₃Fe/CeO₂催化剂对其甲烷干重整反应性能的影响。采用X射线衍射、N₂吸附-脱附、透射电镜、拉曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱、热重等对反应前后催化剂结构进行表征。结果表明,Ni₃Fe/CeO₂-R具有较大比表面积和较高的氧空位浓度,在甲烷干重整反应中表现出了优异的催化反应活性。800℃时,CH₄和CO₂的转化率分别为82%和91%,且反应10 h性能稳定并且其积炭石墨化程度较低。同时,通过CeO₂-R载体氧空位对CO₂活化,有效抑制了对亲氧性Fe物种的过度氧化行为,反应前后催化剂Ni_...     

α-醛亚胺基酯的不对称乙基锌加成反应

首次以手性1,2-二苯基-2-氨基乙醇衍生物为配体实现了乙基锌对α-醛亚胺基酯的不对称加成,合成了手性非天然α-氨基酸酯,最高收率66%,最高对映选择性28%.     

[Cu2I2(tptz)]n的合成和晶体结构研究

用溶液法以碘化亚铜和tptz反应得到Cu(Ⅰ)的配位聚合物[Cu2I2(tptz)]n(1)(tpzt=2,4,6-tris(pyrazole-1-yl)-1,3,5-s-triazine),对该化合物进行了元素分析,红外光谱,XRD,热重等表征,并测定了它的单晶结构.配位聚合物[Cu2I2(tptz)]n(1)属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶体学数据为:a=1.30683(17)nm,b=1.25425(16)nm,c=1.14732(15)nm,β=94.940(2)°,Z=4.tptz以双联吡啶形的配位方式和Cu(Ⅰ)配位形成一条Z字形的1D链.     

汞（Ⅱ）的三元离子缔合物浮选及其应用于光度法测定水中痕量汞（Ⅱ）

在pH 6.5的微酸性溶液中,汞(Ⅱ)与碘离子形成的络阴离子HgI2-4和亚甲基蓝的阳离子MB 生成离子缔合络合物;在分液漏斗中与一定量的苯振摇后,该缔合物[HgI2 4]·2[MB ]以第三相的形态在水相与苯相之间浮选析出.将水相及有机相弃去,用丙酮将析出的浮选相溶解后在657 nm波长处测定其吸光度.汞(Ⅱ)量在12.0～22.0 mg/25 mL内服从比耳定律,摩尔吸光率为3.5×105>L·mol-1·cm-1,方法的检出限为5.1×10-7 mol·L-1.对12.0 μg/25 mL汞(Ⅱ)标准按方法连续测定11次,算得测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.98%.应用所提出的方法以合成水样为基体,加入汞(Ⅱ)标准溶液进行回收试验,测得回收率在94.8%～100.1%之间.     

一类无穷维Hamilton算子的谱

研究了一类无穷维Hamilton算子的近似点谱及本质谱.进而通过无穷维Hamilton算子内部元素的乘积的谱对整体谱进行了刻画,最后证明了结论的正确性.     

聚偏氟乙烯接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯油水分离膜的研究

使用四乙基氢氧化铵(TEAH)液相本体改性聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF),以过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,将甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)接枝到改性PVDF骨架上,合成聚偏氟乙烯接枝聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PVDF-gPMMA)共聚物,通过浸没沉淀法制备PVDF-g-PMMA亲水性油水分离膜.通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和过滤试验分析了膜的结构和性能.同时研究了TEAH浓度和改性时间对PVDF-g-PMMA膜表面接触角的影响.结果表明,TEAH使PVDF脱去HF产生碳碳双键且MMA成功接枝到改性的PVDF骨架上,膜内外孔隙分布均匀;PVDF-g-PMMA膜的接触角随着TEAH浓度的增加、改性时间的加长而减小.TEAH浓度为2.0 wt%,改性20 min制备的PVDF-g-PMMA膜,接枝率为27.1%,孔隙度为71.6%,平均孔径为78.9 nm,接触角降至55.9°,且在50 s内降为0;纯水通量提高到665.34 L/(m2·h),截留率和水通量恢复率分别达到95.6%和90.1%.与纯PVDF膜相比,PVDF-g-PMMA膜的分离性能显著提高.     

FTIR study of hydrogen bonding of stearic acid with ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide,and acetonitrile in supercritical CO_2

FTIR spectroscopy was used to study the hydrogen bonding of stearic acid with ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),and acetonitrile in supercritical CO_2 at 318.15 K, and 12.5 and 16.5 MPa. The concentrations of the cosolvents range from 0—0.6 mol·L~(-1). The area percentage of absorption bands for hydrogen-bonded and nonhydrogen-bonded species was obtained from the IR spectra. The acid and the cosolvents can form hydrogen bond even when their concentrations are very low. At fixed solute concentration, the extent of hydrogenbonding increases with cosolvent concentration. At higher ethanol concentrations, it seems that one stearic acid molecule can hydrogen bond with more than one ethanol molecules simultaneously. It is seen that the strength of the hydrogen bond formed by the acid and the cosolvents is in the order: DMSO>ethanol>acetonitrile.     

Solubility of stearic acid in supercritical CO_2-acetonitrile mixtures

The solubility of stearic acid in supercritical CO2 with acetonitrile (CH3CN) cosolvent was measured at 318.15 K in the pressure range from 9.5 to 16.5 MPa, and the cosolvent concentration ranges from 0. 0 to 5.5 mol% . The solubility increases with acetonitrile concentration and pressure, and it also increases with the apparent density of CO2 d1(moles of CO2 in per liter of fluid) at higher cosolvent concentrations. At lower d1, however, the solubility of the acid at lower acetonitrile concentrations is lower than that in pure CO2 provided that d1 is fixed, which is discussed qualitatively based on the clustering of the components in the system.