胆红素在纳米TiO2膜上的吸附行为研究

采用石英晶体微天平现场技术,研究了胆红素在纳米TiO2表面的吸附动力学行为,并考察了溶液pH、硅烷亲脂性试剂及金属离子修饰的纳米TiO2对胆红素吸附的影响。结果表明,胆红素在纳米TiO2表面的吸附平衡常数K为2·0×106L/mol;由于亲水性纳米TiO2表面的羟基和胆红素分子中的羧基发生作用,胆红素吸附量随溶液pH增大而增大;但经过硅烷试剂亲脂性修饰后,吸附量随pH增大而下降;经过金属离子修饰后,改变了TiO2表面电荷导致吸附量增加,且吸附量随金属离子电荷增加而增加,当金属离子所带电荷相同时,吸附量基本相同。     

The Discrete Approximation of Continuous-state Nonlinear Branching Processes in Lévy Random Environments北大核心CSCD

In this paper, we establish the discrete approximation of continuous-state nonlinear branching processes in Lévy random environments by using tightness and convergence sequence in infinite dimensional product space via stochastic differential equations. Taking α-stable branching as an example, the conditions which are given to discretize continuous-state nonlinear branching processes in Lévy random environments are verified. © 2022 Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.     

Theoretical Study on the Structures and Stability of Isomers and Complex of[Si,C,O,O] Sytem

A detailed singlet potential energy surface(PES) of [Si,C,O,O] system including a van der Waals (vdW) comples SiO……CO2,eight isomers,and twelve transiton states is investigated by MP2 and QCISD(T) (single-point)methods.At the final QCISD(T)/6-311 G(2df)//MP2/6-311G(d) level with zero-point energy included,the complex SiO……CO is found to be thermodynamically and kinetically the most stable species.Although eight ismoers are located as local energy minima,they are rather unstable toward isomerization to the dissociation fragments or comples.For the reaction of silocon atoms with carbon dioxide,two competitive reaction channels are found,and the primary pathway,which leads to the products of SiO and CO fragments,is the direct oxygen-abstraction process from carbon dioxide by silicon atom with a41.16 kJ/mol reaction barrier height.Our predications are in good agreement with previous experimental and theoretical studies.     

铟锡氧化物纳米网的微波法制备及其光催化特性研究

By using ultrasonic and chemical liquid coprecipitation, the precursor was prepared with high purity In, SnCl₄·5H₂O and urea. The In₂O₃·SnO₂ nanonets were obtained from precursor by heating in microwave oven. The powders were characterized by XRD, TEM. The analyzed results show the sample is In₂O₃·SnO₂, and In₂O₃is rhombohedral system while SnO₂ is tetragonal system. The sample is in spherical grain shape, with average granularity of 35 nm, and the mesh diameter of 10～80 nm. The sample was with fluorescence and good photocatalytic performance for degradation of organic dyestuff.     

氨基甲酸酯农药合成新途径的研究

自发现氨基甲酸酯化合物可以抑制神经突触接头处的乙酰胆碱酶,使乙酰胆碱不能正常代谢,神经持续兴奋导致昆虫死亡的毒杀机制确定之后,被开发为杀虫剂。由于它们具有高效、低残留特点,加之具有广泛的生物活性,因而符合当前世界农药开发的新导向。     

某些酚类的高温液相色谱行为

建立了高温液相色谱系统,在高温条件下,采用甲醇-水作为流动相,在Polymerx RP-1聚合物(PSDVB)色谱柱上考察了6种酚类样品的色谱行为.实验条件:温度40～160 ℃,流速0.2～5.5 mL/min,流动相中甲醇浓度范围40%～80%.考察了温度、流速和流动相组成对酚类样品的保留、分辨、柱效和系统压力的影响,探讨了酚类样品在聚合物柱上的热力学行为.温度升高2.35℃大约相当于流动相中甲醇浓度增加1%,可以通过改变色谱柱温度调节样品保留和改变选择性.柱温升高,降低了流动相的粘度,允许在高温条件下使用较高的流速实现快速分离.在160℃、V(甲醇):V(水)=40:60,为流动相和3 mL/min流速条件下,可于2.5 min内实现6种酚类的完全分离.     

次甲基硅SiH与H2X(X=O,S)反应的热力学及动力学性质研究

在量子化学对SiH与H₂O和H₂S反应计算的基础上,运用统计热力学和Wigner校正的Eyring过渡态理论,计算了上述两反应在200～2000 K温度范围内的热力学函数、平衡常数、频率因子A和速率常数随温度的变化。计算结果表明,两反应在低温下具有热力学优势,而在高温下具有动力学优势。比较两反应的计算结果发现,在相同的温度下,SiH与H₂O反应比SiH与H₂S反应放热较多,但速率常数却较小。SiH与H₂O反应和前文报道的SiH与HF反应的比较表明,SiH与H₂O反应放热较少,而且在相同温度下,速率常数也较小。     

末次冰期以来塔里木盆地沙漠、黄土的沉积环境与演化

本文论述了诱发塔里木盆地沙漠及南缘亚砂土和黄土的搬运、沉积,至少在末冰冰期初,即已由现代本区盛行的NE和NW风系所奠定,在此风系作用下沉积的沙漠、亚砂土和黄土未有显著变化。其间,盆地虽多经流水作用,但并未能够改变沙漠及其以南的亚砂土、黄土存在的基本格局。风成相和流水相地层中的古气候证据揭示,末次冰期以来本区沙漠与黄土沉积主要是在连续干旱的气候环境下进行的。     

中国化学会《化学知识丛书》编委会在桂林召开

为了开展化学知识的普及工作,中国化学会筹备组织了《化学知识丛书》编委会,并于1979年2月7日至12日在桂林召开了第一次工作会议。出席编委14人,列席4人。中国化学会副理事长王序同志参加了这次会议,他代表化学会理事会宣布聘请北京大学化学系主任张青莲同志担任《化学知识丛书》主编,袁翰青、胡秉方、胡亚东三同志担任副主编。丛书主编张青莲同志在开幕式上讲了话,与同时召开的物理、生物知识丛书编委工作会议的同志们交流了编写工作中的问题及设想。会上老专家,老教授与中青年科技人员认真、热烈地讨论了这套丛书的读者对象及编写体例,确定它是向具有高中以上文化程度的青年普及化学知识的中级科普读物,同时可供中等学校教师、科技人员和干部参     

“食物相克”的微量元素学说

从微量元素的角度，论述了食物间的相互作用，主要有：转化作用、协同作用和抗作用。