聚氯乙烯与氯化聚乙烯共混改性的研究(Ⅱ)

本文用红外光谱法,差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了氯化聚乙烯(CPE)的链结构性能及其对聚氯乙烯(PVC)改性的影响·用动态力学分析法(DMA)研究了PVC/CPE共混物的动态力学行为,表明CPE,PVC为部分相容两相体系。同时,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了CPE在PVC/CPE共混物中的分布形态。当CPE在PVC/CPE共混物中形成比较完善的网络结构时,共混物具有更好的冲击性能。     

反相气相色谱法研究聚合物共混物的相溶性

 用反相气相色谱法测定了聚氯乙烯(PVC)／ 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)共混体系中分子间表观热力学相互作用参数χ′23,并以χ′23 为判定依据,研究了共混物的相溶性。 初步探讨了共混物的组成、聚合物分子 链结 构、温度与χ′23的关系以及探针分子性质 对χ′23参数的影响。结果表明：χ[ HT6〗′23值能够准确有效地判定PVC与EVA共混物的 相溶性,醋酸乙烯质量分数低的EVA与PVC的共混物是热力学不相溶的;而醋酸乙烯质量 分数中等的EVA与PVC的共混物则具有部分相溶性。结果与其它方法得到的结论是一致的 。     

纳米级CaCO_3粒子与弹性体CPE微粒同时增韧PVC的研究

研究了平均粒径为 30nm的超细级纳米CaCO3 与氯化聚乙烯 (CPE)对聚氯乙烯 (PVC)共混体系二元协同增韧效应及机制 .结果表明 ,当共混体系中有一定量的CPE时 ,纳米CaCO3 的加入可以明显地提高共混物的韧性 ,而不降低共混物的强度和刚性 .纳米CaCO3 在PVC基体中达到了纳米级的分散 .当纳米CaCO3 的用量为 8份 (质量 )时 ,PVC CPE 纳米CaCO3 共混物的冲击断面产生了大量的有规则的网丝状结构 ,共混物的缺口冲击强度达到 81 1kJ m2 ,比不加纳米CaCO3 的共混体系高 7 3倍 .CPE的加入对共混体系的加工流动性能无影响 ,纳米CaCO3 的加入使共混体系的加工流动性能变差     

聚氯乙烯和EVA树脂共混体系相容性的研究

用扭摆分析研究了EVA树脂和PVC共混体系中,VA含量和共混物组成对其相容性的影响.共混的两组分的分子间相互作用对其相容性有关键的影响.用FTIR测定羰基伸缩振动谱带的位移,可表征EVA-PVC分子链间的相互作用.     

氯化聚氯乙烯/氯化聚乙烯共混体的流变性能

<正> 氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)是聚氯乙烯(PVC)的氯化产物。它具有优良的耐化学腐蚀、耐油、隔氧等性能。它的使用温度、抗张和弯曲强度与PVC相比有很大提高。这些特性加上氯元素资源丰富、价格便宜,使CPVC可望成为具有吸引力的热塑性工程塑料。有关CPVC共混体系的研究已有不少报道。然而多数的研究范围较窄,尤其是关于CPVC共混体系流变性研究很少见。本文首次广泛研究了不同组成的CPVC/CPE共混     

乙烯醋酸乙烯酯/聚氯乙烯共混体系相容性、相逆转及其物理力学性能研究

<正> 硬质聚氯乙烯(PVC)由于韧性较差通常要用改性剂改善其抗冲击性能。但要使改性剂能有效起到作用,必须考虑它与PVC之间的相容性及其配比等对共混物性能的影响。本工作从动态力学及其他物理力学性能,研究了含48%醋酸乙烯(VAc)的乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)与PVC共混时组分之间的相容性及其配比对体系相逆转及其物理力学性能的影响。 样品:PVC采用北京化工二厂生产的SX-4型粉料。EVA粒料中的VAc重量含量为48%。将这两种料按不同的比例,加上助剂(二盐基亚磷酸铅、三盐基硫酸铅、硬     

PVC/EVA-g-VC共混物的形态与加工条件和性能的关系

PVC/EVA(-14)及 PVC/EVA(-14)-g-VC的等速升温Brabender塑化曲线上有两个扭矩峰,分别标志着EVA和PVC的塑化,对应着共混形态经历的三个变化:(1)EVA塑化——PVC粉粒破碎;(2)EVA呈连续相——PVC集结粒子解体;(3)EVA呈分散相——PVC初级粒子熔化。聚合投料比(VC/EVA)越小,EVA-g-VC的塑化温度和熔体粘性越高,两个扭矩峰靠得越近。实验结果表明,EVA-g-VC与EVA相比,不仅与PVC有更好的相容性,而且有较好的均匀可混性。冲击强度的测定结果表明:EVA连续网——PVC初级粒子结构具有较高的冲击强度。VC/EVA较小时所得EVA-g-VC改性的PVC可在较宽的加工温度范围保持EVA连续网结构和较高的冲击强度。     

用于观察橡胶改性聚氯乙烯结构的制样方法——氯磺酸-重金属染色法

<正> 使用丁腈橡胶(NBR),氯化聚乙烯(CPE)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(MBS),丙烯酸酯弹性体(ACR)等材料,可以改善聚氯乙烯(PVC)的抗冲击性能。由于PVC树脂由数种结构层次不同的微粒组成,橡胶改性PVC的性能依赖于加工条件及体系的相结构。观察改性PVC的相结构是研     

多组份聚丙烯共混物的微观结构及共混纤维的染色性能

研究了PP GPET、PP GPET EVA、PP GPET EVA PS共混物的结构和性能 .研究表明 ,PP GPET体系属于非相容共混体系 ,共混物呈典型海岛型两相结构 ,EVA的加入可以改善体系相容性 ;共混物的结晶度比纯聚丙烯低 ,PS有增大共混物晶粒尺寸的作用 ;改性聚丙烯纤维的染色性有明显提高 ,用分散染料E EX可染成深蓝色     

聚乳酸/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物共混物的形态与黏弹行为

熔融共混制备了不同组分比的聚乳酸(PLA)/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)共混物,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、溶剂选择性蚀刻和旋转流变仪研究了共混物不相容的相形态及其黏弹响应.研究结果表明,PLA/EVA共混物为典型的热力学不相容体系,两基体组分间的界面张力约为2.2 mN/m;因此随组分比的不同,共混物表现出"海-岛"分散和双连续的不相容相形态;体系中EVA的相反转浓度约为50 wt%～60 wt%,这与黏性模型对相反点预测的结果一致;与双连续相形态的体系相比,乳液模型能够更好的描述具有"海-岛"分散形态的体系的线性黏弹响应,共混体系相对较宽的相反转区域主要源于两组分间较大的弹性比以及EVA自身的屈服行为.     

A dielectric study of poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate)–poly(vinyl chloride) blends. I. Miscibility and phase behavior

Measurements of the complex permittivity were used to study miscibility and phase behavior in blends of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with two random ethylene—vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers containing 45 and 70 wt % of vinyl acetate. The dielectric β relaxation of the pure polymers and blends was followed as a function of temperature and frequency for different blend compositions and thermal treatments. Blends of EVA 70/PVC were found to be miscible for compositions of about 25% EVA 70 and higher. Blends of lower EVA 70 content showed evidence of two-phase behavior. EVA 45/PVC blends were found to be miscible only at the composition extremes; at intermediate compositions these blends were two-phase, partially miscible. Both blend systems showed lower critical solution temperature behavior. Phase separation studies revealed that in the EVA 45/PVC blends, PVC was capable of diffusing into the higher T_g phase at temperatures below the T_g of the upper phase. In the blends, ion transport losses were significant above the loss peak temperatures, and in the two-phase systems, often obscured the upper temperature loss process. It was shown possible, however, to correct the loss curves for this transport contribution.     

Comprehensive study of positronium formation in polymer blends between polyethylene and ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer

The intensity I₃ of ortho-positronium (o-Ps) in a polymer blend system consisting of polyethylene (PE) and ethylene-vinylacetate (EVA, random copolymer with a vinylacetate content of about 14%) was measured as functions of EVA weight content (Φ=0–100%), electric field (E=0–60 kV/cm ), positron irradiation time (t=0–200 h) and temperature (T=100–300 K). It was found that the addition of small amounts of EVA to PE significantly alters the electric field, positron irradiation time and temperature dependence of I₃. Positron trapping on polar EVA is suggested to be responsible for the sensitive effects of EVA.     

聚苯乙烯，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯对聚氯乙烯／氯化聚乙烯共混体流变性的影响

聚苯乙烯，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯对聚氯乙烯／氯化聚乙烯共混体流变性的影响杨文君，吴其晔，杜华（青岛化工学院高分子材料系，青岛，２６６０４２）王建民，李应华，张宝善（齐鲁石化研究院，淄博，２５５４３４）关键词塑料改性，流变性，聚氯乙烯，氯化聚乙烯，刚性粒子我...     

A dielectric study of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)–poly(vinyl chloride) blends. II. Loss curve broadening and correlation parameters

Normalized dielectric loss curves for blends of PVC with an EVA copolymer containing 70% vinyl acetate showed significant broadening with increasing PVC content. In conjunction with phase separation studies it was concluded that increasing loss curve broadness correlated with increasing tendency toward phase separation. Calculation of correlation parameters for the blends revealed differences in intermolecular correlations with blend composition.     

Effect of EVA copolymer containing different VA content on the thermal and rheological properties of bio-based high-density polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate blends

The effect of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) concentration and vinyl acetate (VA) content of EVA on the mechanical, morphological, and rheological properties of bio-based high-density polyethylene (BioPE)/EVA blends was investigated. The blends were characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and rheological measurements under oscillatory shear flow. The degree of crystallinity of BioPE decreased with the increase in the EVA concentration and was unaffected with the increase in the VA content. DMTA results showed a decrease in the storage modulus (E′) with the increase in EVA content and that the BioPE/EVA19 blends showed higher E′ values than BioPE/EVA28 blend. The impact strength substantially increased with the addition of EVA concentration above 5 mass% and was higher for the blends containing the highest VA content. The blends containing a higher content of VA exhibited the higher EVA dispersed phase domain size, which increased with the increase in EVA concentration. The complex viscosity increased with the increase in the EVA content, being higher for the BioPE/EVA blends containing higher VA content. The storage modulus increased, at low frequencies, with the increase in the EVA content and can be ascribed to the increase in the EVA dispersed phase domain size.