用FTIR研究线形多嵌段聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯、氯化聚氯乙烯共混相容性

用溶液法得到线形多嵌段聚氨酯（PU）与聚氯乙烯（PV）、氯化聚氯乙烯（CPVC）的共混物。用FTIR研究PU/PVC、PU／CPVC共混物的相容性，发现PVC、CPVC的加入破坏了PU中原来的氢键，并且PU中的炭基（C=0）与PVC、CPVC中的α－H形成了新的氢键，因而说明了PU／PVC、PU／CPVC共混物具有良好的相容性。     

氯化聚氯乙烯／环氧树脂共混体的流变性质及形态

氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)具有优良的物理性能。但须严格控制加工温度,加工熔体粘度较大。近年,作者曾对CPVC与氯化聚乙烯(CPE)和丙烯酸酯共聚物(ACR)共混体的流变性质进行了研究。本文首次研究CPVC与环氧树脂(EP)共混体的流变性质与形态。     

用DSC研究线形多嵌段聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯、氯化聚氯乙烯共混相容性

用示差扫描量热法（DSC）研究了线形多嵌段聚氨酯（PU）与聚氯乙烯（PVC）、氯化聚氯乙烯（CPVC）共混相容性，说明了PU／VC、PU／CPVC的相容是由于共混物中形成了新的氢键的缘故．聚酯型聚氨酯与PVC、CPVC的相容性要好子聚酸型聚氨酯，CPVC与PU的相容性又要好于PVC．聚氨酯中硬段的引入不利于PU／PVC、PU／CPVC的相容性．     

氯化聚氯乙烯热稳定性研究 Ⅰ.氯含量对热稳定性影响

本文用红外光谱分析了聚氯乙烯(PVC)和氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)的分子结构,用电导法评价了它们的热稳定性. 试料 PVC系天津化工厂生产,XS-7型;CPVC系前者的氯化产品,由安徽化工研究所提供,含氯量64％,日本产CPVC,牌号H827,含氯量68.5％.     

氯化聚氯乙烯热稳定性研究——Ⅳ.红外光谱法对稳定剂作用的研究

<正> 有专利报道在使用聚氯乙烯(PVC)常用热稳定剂的同时,再使用碱金属磷酸盐作为助稳定剂,两者协同作用于氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)可获得较好的热稳定效果。本工作选用月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTL)和硬酯酸铅(PbSt_2)分别单独作用和与磷酸氢二钠(DSP)协同作用于CPVC,对不同热解程度的样品进行红外光谱研究表明,某些特征吸收值,随受热时间增加而呈现的有规律的变化,可以代表主稳定剂有效成分的消耗和稳定反应     

含氯聚合物和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物共混体系的红外光谱研究

关于氯化聚乙烯(CPE)或聚氯乙烯(PVC)与乙烯—醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)共混体系相容性的研究,已有不少报道,其中Coleman等人运用FTIR方法研究了含VA45％的EVA与CPE、PVC的共混体系,测定了该体系的低临界共溶温度(LCST)。一般认为,如果VA含量更低,由于EVA本身的结晶,共混体系将变得难以     

聚氯乙烯与氯化聚乙烯共混改性的研究(Ⅱ)

本文用红外光谱法,差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了氯化聚乙烯(CPE)的链结构性能及其对聚氯乙烯(PVC)改性的影响·用动态力学分析法(DMA)研究了PVC/CPE共混物的动态力学行为,表明CPE,PVC为部分相容两相体系。同时,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了CPE在PVC/CPE共混物中的分布形态。当CPE在PVC/CPE共混物中形成比较完善的网络结构时,共混物具有更好的冲击性能。     

粘度法研究氯化聚丙烯和涂料树脂间的相容性

用稀溶液粘度法研究了氯化聚丙烯与石油树脂、丙烯酸树脂和醇酸树脂间的相容性,并用α判据对相容性结果进行判别。结果显示,石油树脂/氯化聚丙烯的共混体系是相容的;丙烯酸树脂/氯化聚丙烯的共混体系是不相容的。而醇酸树脂与氯化聚丙烯的相容性情况复杂,由二者的组成决定。当m(醇酸树脂)∶m(氯化聚丙烯)1∶1时,体系是相容的;当m(醇酸树脂)∶m(氯化聚丙烯)1∶1时,体系是不相容的。通过共溶剂法和涂膜宏观特性对上述体系的相容性进行测定,所得结果与α判据的结果相符合,印证了稀溶液粘度法研究溶液中高分子间的相互作用来预测涂料树脂的相容性具有一定可行性。     

刚性有机粒子对聚氯乙烯／氯化聚乙烯共混体系形态和增韧机理的研究

刚性有机粒子对聚氯乙烯／氯化聚乙烯共混体系形态和增韧机理的研究周丽玲，吴其晔，杨文君，刘士龙，张漫（青岛化工学院橡胶系青岛２６６０４２）关键词刚性有机填料，聚氯乙烯ＰＶＣ，氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）形态，增韧机理在共混改性中，弹性体增韧硬质聚氯乙烯（ｎｙＶ...     

固相法氯化聚乙烯增韧聚氯乙烯的研究

研究了聚氯乙烯与固相法氯化聚乙烯的相容性与氯含量、共混方式以及ＣＰＥ链结构的关系，动态力学性能表明ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ为部分相容体系，ＣＰＥ中类似ＰＶＣ的链段与ＰＶＣ形成相间过渡层，共混方式影响共混体系的相容程度，透射电镜结构表明ＣＰＥ呈连续网络结构分布于ＰＶＣ粒子表面，共混条件一定时，共混物的抗张强度随相容性的改改善而增加。     

氯化聚乙烯对甲基丙烯酸甲酯／苯乙烯共聚动力学的影响

将甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）／苯乙烯（Ｓ）在氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）存在下进行悬浮溶胀接枝共聚，考察了ＣＰＥ对ＭＭＡ／Ｓ共聚动力学行为的影响．ＣＰＥ提高了聚合体系的粘度，使自动加速提前，扩散因素增加，对共聚有阻滞作用．ＣＰＥ是链转移剂，使ＭＭＡ／Ｓ共聚物分子量降低．ＣＰＥ对ＭＭＡ的吸附渗透优于对Ｓ的吸附，造成接技部分与非接技部分组成的差异．ＣＰＥ含量、溶胀时间、转化率、硫酸用量对共聚组成均有影响。     

Miscibility behavior of di(ethyl-2 hexyl) phthalate in binary and ternary chlorinated polymer blends

The miscibility behavior of ternary blends made by the addition of di(ethyl-2 hexyl) phthalate (DOP) to a mixture of chlorinated polymers was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Two chlorinated polymer mixtures were selected: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with a chlorinated polyethylene containing 48 wt% Cl (CPE48), and PVC with a chlorinated PVC containing 67 wt% Cl (CPVC67). Each binary DOP/chlorinated polymer pair is miscible whereas PVC/CPE48 and PVC/CPVC67 blends are immiscible. DOP/CPE48/PVC and DOP/PVC/CPVC67 ternary blends containing, respectively, more than 55 and 20% DOP exhibit a single glass transition temperature (T_g). The spinodal between the one-T_g zone and the two-T_g zone is symmetrical in the two cases. At high DOP concentrations, a quantitative analysis of the results leads to the conclusion of the presence of a true ternary phase. At low DOP concentrations where two T_gs are observed, the DOP is distributed equally between the two chlorinated polymers forming, in the DOP/CPE48/PVC case for instance, two binary DOP/CPE48 and DOP/PVC phases. The broad immiscibility zone observed in the DOP/CPE48/PVC ternary blend as compared to the DOP/PVC/CPVC67 blend appears to be mainly caused by the high molecular weight of CPE48, as compared with PVC and CPVC67. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons. Inc.     

氯化聚乙烯的热可逆共价交联

采用新型热可逆共价交联剂 ,以溶液反应法使氯化聚乙烯 (CPE)交联制得了凝胶量在 80 %左右的共价交联CPE ,研究了不同牌号CPE、催化剂及其用量、反应温度、反应时间及交联剂用量对CPE交联程度的影响 ,并测定了共价交联CPE的热可逆转化特性     

Co-continuous phase structure formed in melt processing inducing shear bands to prevent crack propagation: Significant improvement in impact toughness of PMMA

High toughened polymeric materials have a wide application in many fields. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a typical brittle polymer and it has been difficult to prepare high toughened PMMA material for a long time. To work on this issue, co-continuous phase structure was devised in PMMA/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) blends through controlling the interfacial tension and viscosity in this work, resulting in the pronounced enhancement of impact toughness. The notched impact strength of co-continuous blends with 40 wt% CPE was up to 28.5 kJ/m², increased by 26 times compared with pure PMMA. Selective extraction experiments, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the CPE network was thin and weak when CPE addition was low, but became dense and strong once the content was more than 20 wt%. Two toughening mechanisms, i.e. cavitation and shear yielding, were put forward based on the micrographs of impact-fractured surfaces and double-notch four-point-bending test. This work may broaden the application prospects of PMMA and provide a new strategy to prepare high toughened polymeric materials through fabricating co-continuous in polymer blends.     

RPS／CPE的反应性共混及其对PS／PE的增容作用

用ＦＴＩＲ、ＤＳＣ等方法研究了含恶唑啉官能力的聚苯乙烯（ＲＰＳ）与氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）之间的反应。ＲＰＳ、ＣＰＥ、ＰＳ、ＰＥ在不同温度下用反应式挤出要熔融共辊，结果表明，ＲＰＳ／ＣＰＥ对ＰＳ／ＰＥ共混物具有增容作用，提高了共混物的力学性能。此反应性共混适宜在较低温度下进行，对ＲＰＳＣＰＥ共混物还进行了动态力学表征，并与ＲＰＳ进行比较以进一步了解共混物的特征。     

轻度磺化聚苯乙烯与聚苯乙烯共混物的流变性能表征

采用DSR-200动态应力流变仪研究了磺化度为0.98%(摩尔分数)的轻度磺化聚苯乙烯(SPS)离聚物及其锌盐(ZnSPS)与聚苯乙烯(PS)的共混物(PS/SPS,PS/ZnSPS)的流变性能.由于离聚物中离子聚集的物理交联作用,使其流变性能与PS相比有明显差别.动态频率实验结果表明,所有样品均可采用时温等效处理.另外,在与分子链运动相关的低频区,由于离子聚集的作用使得离聚物的模量远大于PS的模量.离聚物在稳态剪切作用下,由于离子聚集的破坏而表现出明显的屈服现象,并能用Utracki的屈服应力公式表征其屈服应力和零切粘度.此外,离聚物的屈服现象还与温度相关.由于动态和稳态实验分别测试离子聚集存在和破坏的不同材料状态,因此对离聚物无法应用Cox-Merz规则.动态和稳态实验结果均表明,PS/SPS和PS/ZnSPS的性能与组成的变化规律不同,意味着二者之间存在不同的离子聚集结构或相互作用.     

Highly toughened poly (acrylonitrile–styrene–acrylic)/chlorinated polyethylene blends: Mechanical,rheological and thermal properties

The effect of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) on the properties of poly (acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic) (ASA) was investigated. As an impact modifier, CPE effectively toughened ASA. With the addition of 15 phr CPE, the impact strength increased from 25.1 kJ/m² to 41.7 kJ/m². The morphology of the blends exhibited heterogeneous structure and correlated well with the results of impact strength. The glass transition temperature corresponding with ASA remained constant, indicating that CPE did not change the dual-phase structure of ASA. In rheological tests, the enhancement of storage modulus and complex viscosity of ASA, together with Cole-Cole plots, indicated that certain changes in phase structure existed after CPE content exceeded 8 phr. Thermogravimetric analysis results suggested that CPE slightly decreased the onset degradation temperature. Our study showed that CPE, as an impact modifier, can effectively improve the toughness of ASA.     

RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE/POLYAMIDE-66 BLENDS

Blends of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) containing trace amounts of branching and/orcross-linking in chain and Polyamide-66(PA-66) have been prepared by melt blending. Therheological behavior of PPS/PA-66 blends has been studied by means of capillary rheo-meter, and compared with PPS. The effects of shear rate, shear stress and temperature onthe flow of PPS/PA-66 blends and PPS are discussed. The non-Newtonian indexes andthe activation energies of viscous flow are obtained. The results show that the apparentviscosity of PPS/PA-66 blends is not sensitive to shear rate and stress, but decreases withthe elevation of temperature. On the contrary, the apparent viscosity of the PPS decreasesobviously with the increasing of shear rate and shear stress, but it is increased by theelevation of temperatue.     

聚丙烯／氯化聚乙烯共混物的形态结构

 用透射电子显微镜方法研究了聚丙烯（ｉＰＰ）和氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）共混物溶液浇铸膜的形态结构．共混物中ＣＰＥ含量≤７０％时不妨碍ｉＰＰ球晶两种结构（交叉结构和条状结构）区域的生成．在ＣＰＥ含量≥８０％时，分散相ｉＰＰ形成近乎直角（８０°）交叉的稀疏的片晶网络．在共混物的全组成范围内，ＣＰＥ结晶在ｉＰＰ片晶上附生生长，二者结晶Ｃ轴的交角为５０°