糖皮质激素对糖皮质激素受体的调节——Ⅱ.大鼠肝、脑、脾的研究

将氢化可的松(F)混合在聚乙烯醇(PVA)内,给大鼠皮下注射,将血浆糖皮质激素(GC)维持在应激浓度,20—40μg/dl 3天,结果发现肝胞液糖皮质激素受体(GR)的结合容量(R_0)和脾细胞GR的结合量(R_s)于注射后1h已明显减少,并维持于低水平。注射后7天,血浆GC已下降到正常水平,但GR恢复得较慢,直到11天脾细胞GR尚未完全恢复。GR的Kd不变,脑胞液GR的变化不明显。实验结果表明,在整体动物GC对GR和在培养细胞一样也存在着负调节,但对不同的靶器官,GR的负调节可能具有不同的特点。     

受体生物传感器的研究进展

综述了利用各种生物材料中的膜受体蛋白作为分子识别元件的受体生物传感器研究的最新进展。主要从离体受体传感器、细胞受体传感器和神经组织受体传感器3个方面，讨论了它们的特点和存在的问题，并展望了受体生物传感器未来的发展方向。共引用文献42篇。     

含手性双环胍的氨基酸受体的合成

报道含有手性双环胍，氮杂冠醚及萘甲酰基３个分子识别点的芳香族氨基酸人工受体的合成。     

多巴胺D2受体显像剂125I-DMAIBZM的合成及生物分布实验

为提高苯甲酰胺类衍生物（S）-N-（1-乙基-2-吡咯烷基）甲基-4-氨基-2-甲氧基苯酰胺（ABZM）的入脑量,对其结构进行改造,得到了新的化合物（S）-4-二甲氨基-N-（1-乙基-2-吡咯烷基）甲基-2-甲氧基苯酰胺（DMABZM）.通过Idogen法对DMABZM进行标记得到标记化合物125I-DMAIBZM,标记率为74%,放化纯度达到99%． 体外放射配基结合实验测得DMABZM的IC50为2.9589×10-7 mol?L-1,表明它与能与多巴胺D2受体特异性结合且具有较高的亲和力,在小鼠体内的分布实验中,该标记物纹状体/小脑的比值可达6.5左右,说明了该标记化合物与纹状体的结合有较高的特异性和亲和力．125I-DMAIBZM的脂溶性显著大于125I-AIBZM,入脑量有较大的提高．结论：125I（123I）-DMAIBZM有望用于多巴胺D2受体的显像．     

稠环电子受体光伏材料

基于非富勒烯受体的有机太阳能电池是化学和材料领域的热点前沿之一,中国领跑这个热点前沿.中国学者在非富勒烯受体材料方面取得了一系列重要的创新成果.我们提出了"稠环电子受体(FREA)"这一新概念,构建了高性能稠环电子受体新体系,发明了明星分子ITIC.我们的原创性工作引起了国内外同行的广泛关注和跟进.目前,基于稠环电子受体的有机太阳能电池效率已达到13%~14%,超过富勒烯体系.ITIC等稠环电子受体的出现颠覆了富勒烯受体在有机太阳能电池领域的统治地位,开创了有机太阳能电池的非富勒烯时代.本文简要评述了我们在高性能稠环电子受体设计与器件应用中的研究进展,并展望稠环电子受体的未来发展.     

杯[4]芳烃锥形骨架在光学受体识别中的作用

比较研究了铜、镍的杯[4]芳烃光学受体及其单体的分析性能，并进一步探讨了杯[4]芳烃的锥形骨架在分子识别中的作用。结果表明，通过分子设计，将杯[4]芳烃锥形骨架合理地引至光学受体中，可以起到立体屏障作用，能有效阻止其它客体在一些方向上靠近配位反应点所带来的干扰，从而对客体的选择性识别提供重要贡献。     

以三聚茚为核的星型电子受体材料的合成、 表征与光伏性能

以高度平面共轭的烷基取代三聚茚为中心核, 以噻吩基团桥联, 在末端连接氰基茚酮作为拉电子基团, 设计合成了一类星型受体分子2,2',2″-{[(5,5,10,10,15,15-己基-10,15-二氢-5H-二茚[1,2-a：1',2'-c]芴-2,7,12-三基)三(噻吩-5,2-二基)]三(亚甲基)}三(3-氧杂-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2,1-二叉)三丙二腈(NFT-C6)和2,2',2″-{[(5,5,10,10,15,15-癸基-10,15-二氢-5H-二茚[1,2-a：1',2'-c]芴-2,7,12-三基)三(噻吩-5,2-二基)]三(亚甲基)}三(3-氧杂-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2,1-二叉)三丙二腈(NFT-C10). NFT-C6和NFT-C10的最高占据轨道(HOMO)和最低未占轨道(LUMO)分别位于-5.66和-3.75 eV. 其薄膜在400~700 nm范围内具有较大的吸收强度, 最大吸收峰分别位于606和586 nm. 以聚[(2,6-{4,8-二[5-(2-乙基己基)噻吩-2-基]-苯并[1,2-b：4,5-b']二噻吩})-{5,5-(1',3'-二-2-噻吩基-5',7'-二(2-乙基己基)苯并[1',2'-c：4',5'-c']二噻吩-4,8-二酮)}](PBDB-T)为给体材料, 以NFT-C6或NFT-C10为受体材料制备了太阳能电池器件, 器件在300~700 nm之间具有较宽的响应光谱, 其光电转换效率(PCE)分别达到1.09%和5.23%. 原子力显微镜(AFM)结果表明, PBDB-T和NFT-C10共混制备的光伏器件活性层具有合适的相分离尺寸, 有利于激子的有效解离, 而PBDB-T: NFT-C6器件的活性层相分离尺寸过大, 增加了激子复合的几率, 使器件的短路电流、 填充因子和PCE降低. 研究结果表明, 基于三聚茚的星型光伏材料具有一定的应用前景.     

VO（Ⅱ）—组氨酸—π受体三元混配配合物的ESR波谱

钒的氨基酸配合物具有重要的生物和医学意义。VO(Ⅱ)-组氨酸配合物及VO(Ⅱ)-π受体二元配合物的ESR研究已有报道。但是VO(Ⅱ)-氨基酸-π受体三元配合物的结构及其ESR研究至今未见报道。本文考察了VOSO_4与组氨酸(His)和邻菲啰啉(Phen)及α,α′-联吡啶(bipy)三元体系在不同酸度(pH=1～14)的乙二醇/水(1:1)溶液中低温(173K)ESR波谱,获得了不同pH条件下配合情况的详细信息。     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

ELECTROCHEMICAL POLYMERIZATION OF ANILINE IN PHOSPHORIC ACID AND THE PROPERTIES OF POLYANILINE

The behavior of the electrochemical polymerization of aniline in a weak acid, phosphoric acid, is very similar to that in strong acids, i.e. its polymerization rate increases quickly with the electrolysis time. The FTIR spectra of polyaniline samples synthesized in phosphoric acid indicate that the counter ion H2PO4^- is present in both the oxidized form and the reduced form of polyaniline. The counter ion plays an important role in adjusting the pH value at the electrode surface of polyaniline during the oxidation and reduction processes. As a result, a pair of redox peaks still appear in cyclic voltammograms of polyaniline in a solution of sodium sulfate of pH 5.5 and in a solution of NaH2PO4 of pH 7.0,respectively, at low potential scan rate; and the color of polyaniline film also changes with applied potential at pH 7.0. Thus,the pH region for the electrochemical activity and the electrochromism of polyaniline is extended to pH 5.5 for a solution of sodium sulfate and to pH 7.0 for a solution of NaH2PO4. The conductivity of polyaniline is 3.3 S cm^-1, depending on the concentration of phosphoric acid used in the stage of polymerization of aniline. The result of elemental analysis of polyaniline is presented here.     

由合成气制备C_2含氧化合物用铑基催化剂中各组分间的相互作用

采用ＴＰＲ，ＥＰＲ，ＩＲ，ＸＰＳ等手段对由合成气制备Ｃ２含氧化合物的Ｒｈ基催化剂中各活性组分间的相互作用进行了研究．ＴＰＲ实验表明，Ｍｎ的存在除了促进金属铑在担体表面的分散，增加还原过程的耗氢量外，还使Ｒｈ物种的还原温度显著升高；少量Ｌｉ的加入导致氢向载体ＳｉＯ２的溢流，使体系的还原特性发生了明显的变化．原位ＥＰＲ和ＸＰＳ研究显示，添加剂与Ｒｈ相互作用，在催化剂表面形成了稳定的复合氧化物．助剂Ｍｎ主要起着吸引电子的作用，使还原后的催化剂表面上Ｒｈ＋物种的含量增加；相反，作为给电子助剂，Ｌｉ的加入稳定了表面Ｒｈ０物种．吸附ＣＯ的ＩＲ实验得到了与ＥＰＲ和ＸＰＳ实验相一致的结论     

LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE/CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES MODIFIED BY ETHYLENE COPOLYMERS： EFFECTS OF FUNCTIONALIZED SEGMENTS ON MORPHOLOGY

Melt extrusion was used to prepare binary nanocomposites of ethylene copolymers and organoclay and trinary nanocomposites of low-density polyethylene （LDPE）, ethylene copolymer and organoclay. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were used to analyze the structure of the clay phase and the morphology of the nanocomposites. Influences of the comonomer in the copolymer and the content of the copolymer on the morphology of the resulting nanocomposites were discussed. The binary and the trinary composites may form intercalated or exfoliated structures depending on the interaction between the copolymer and the clay layers and the content of the copolymer.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

MEASUREMENTS OF CHAIN INTERPENETRATION OF POLYMER GLASSES

The concept of entanglement provides the basis of our current understanding of the flow behavior of polymer melts, Current techniques developed to investigate the degree of interpenetration of polymer chains only provide indirectly the information of the degree of entanglement in a relatively large scale （several to tens of nanometer）. In this article, we report ^1H-NMR spectroscopy with dipolar filters under fast magic angle spinning for probing chain interpenetration of polymer glasses at the molecular level.     

SYNTHESIS OF CONDUCTIVE POLYANILINE VIA OXIDATION BY MnO2

A unique process of chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline using manganese dioxide (MnO2) as the oxidizing agent in an aqueous medium is described. The reaction between aniline and MnO2 follows a mechanism by which the organic monomer is oxidized while the metal oxide undergoes reductive dissolution. The effects of the amount of oxidizing agent and aniline, pH and temperature of the reactive system, type of acid on the yield and conductivity of polyaniline are discussed. The resulting polyaniline was characterized by [R and UV-Vis spectrometry. Polyaniline with a conductivity of 12.5 S/cm was obtained using 0.033 tool of aniline oxidized by 0.023 tool MnO2 in the presence of 100 mL of 2.7 mol/L HCI at 25℃ for 4 h.     

VARIATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF RADIATION CROSSLINKED RUBBER WITH STORAGE TIME

The effect of storage on physico-chemical properties of non-irradiated natural rubber and radiation vulcanized natural rubber （RVNR） were evaluated. The rubber films were stored under two different conditions, namely in open air and sealed polyethylene bags. The antioxidant, tris（nonylated phenyl） phosphite （TNPP） was used for preventing degradation of RVNR films. Gel content, cross-link density, tensile strength at break and 500% elongation of rubber films were measured. The results show that the retention （%） of tensile properties of rubber films with TNPP is higher than that of rubber films without antioxidants. The rubber films stored in polyethylene bags also show better retention of tensile properties than those of rubber films stored in open air.     

The effect of coating on the stiffness and toughness of encapsulated fiber composites

The effect of the coating of the fiber on the stiffness and toughness of composite materials is presented in this paper. The type of composite material considered is of a macroscopically isotropic composite medium containing coated fibers. The models used to simulate such materials consists of: the cylindrical fiber, a cylindrical annulus of the coating, an annulus of the matrix enveloped by an infinite region of an equivalent composite consisting of a transversely isotropic material and representing the real composite with dispersed coated fibers. Solutions for the longitudinal, transverse and shear elastic moduli in the four-phase model were established assuming linear elastic conditions. The results were found to depend on the extent and the mechanical properties of the coating. The stiffness and toughness of the composite were evaluated in models representing plane-stress equatorial sections of the representative volume element of the real material according to the Hashin-Rosen model. The stiffness of the fiber composites was studied by varying the rigidity and the extent of the fiber-coating in the model and evaluating its influence on the overall mechanical behavior of the model. On the other hand, the toughness of the composite was evaluated by the method of caustics in models made of composite PMMA plates with PMMA inclusions coated with a ductile annulus. Interesting results were derived concerning the influence of the soft annulus on the mechanical behavior of the composite.     

Chain dynamic parameters for some acrylic polymers

The dielectric relaxation data of Ishida et al. on a number of acrylic polymers are represented in terms of the relaxation function proposed by Havriliak and Negami using the multi-response techniques developed by Havriliak and Watts. Two of the parameters of this function are interpreted in terms of a temperature dependent distribution of relaxation times. In this method of interpretation the breadth of the distribution function is temperature-dependent while the skewness is not. The temperature dependence of the breadth of the distribution function is similar for most of these acrylic polymers.The parameters of the relaxation function are also interpreted in terms of Mansfield's model which represents intra- and inter-molecular interactions in terms of springs and dash pots. Briefly, increasing the side chain length for the methacrylate series increases the inter-molecular relaxation time which may be due to an increase in the entropy of activation for the orientation process. The difference between the one acrylate in this study and the four methacrylates of the series is a reduction in the intra-molecular relaxation time, apparently due to the lack of the alpha methyl group.