共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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填孔型质子交换膜是一种将电解质填充到多孔的基底膜中形成的新型质子交换膜。与传统的全氟磺酸膜相比,填孔型质子交换膜具有不溶胀、甲醇渗透率低、质子传导率高、价格低廉以及材料选择范围广等优点。本文介绍了分别以聚合物多孔膜,有机/无机多孔膜和无机多孔膜为基底的三种填孔型质子交换膜的研究现状,并对质子交换膜的发展方向和趋势进行了预测。 相似文献
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质子传导在燃料电池、气体传感及电致显色等领域有重要的研究前景.尤其是在燃料电池领域,由于其具有低污染、高效率、操作简单和寿命长等优点而被广泛应用.本文介绍了质子传导在质子交换膜燃料电池中的重要作用及工作原理,分析了质子交换膜的质子传导机理,并简要分析总结了近年来关于无机及其复合质子导体材料的研究进展. 相似文献
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氧化石墨烯/聚合物复合质子交换膜(GO/Polymer blend PEM)是一种新型的质子交换膜,广泛应用于直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)中,已成为质子交换膜研究的热点之一。氧化石墨烯/聚合物复合质子交换膜具有较高的传导质子率、力学性能、阻醇性能和电池性能。本文综述了氧化石墨烯(GO)处理方法、氧化石墨烯/聚合物复合质子交换膜制备方法,氧化石墨烯/聚合物复合质子交换膜的质子传导、阻醇、离子交换容量和电池的性能,氧化石墨烯/聚合物复合质子交换膜质子传递机理及阻醇机理。 相似文献
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质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)由于具有能量转化率高、环保等特点而受到广泛关注。作为质子交换膜燃料电池核心组件之一的关键材料质子交换膜(PEM)成为燃料电池研究的热点。聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微孔膜由于具有高的化学和尺寸稳定性,被用来作为复合质子交换膜的增强基底。本文对当前微孔PTFE增强复合质子交换膜的研究进展进行了综述,介绍了微孔PTFE与全氟类离子树脂、部分含氟类离子树脂和非氟类离子树脂等的复合情况,着重说明各种复合增强的类型和方式,并比较了复合改性前后各种膜的物性特点,最后展望了微孔PTFE复合增强膜的未来研究趋势。 相似文献
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高温质子交换膜燃料电池所面临的一个主要技术障碍是高温低湿度环境下能够具有满足电池工作条件的膜的制备.本文通过所合成的2-取代咪唑衍生物与全氟磺酸树脂的掺杂,采用溶液重铸法制备了可以在高温无水条件下工作的质子交换膜.通过2-位疏水基团的接枝,实现了非水质子传导介质的咪唑环在膜内的固定,所制备的复合质子交换膜的导质子率在160℃无水条件下达到6.8×10^-3Scm^-1;而且相比全氟磺酸均质膜,其热稳定性也有所提高.采用静电力显微镜观察到了所制备的复合质子交换膜内相互连接的离子团簇的形成;结合其质子传导活化能,提出了所制备的复合质子交换膜在120℃以下质子传导以跳跃方式为主;在120℃以上,则以咪唑环的"钟摆"形式实现质子在膜内的传输. 相似文献
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提高质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFCs)的工作温度,不但可以提高电催化剂的活性以及电催化剂对原料气中CO等杂质气体的耐受能力,少用甚至不用Pt 等贵金属作电催化剂,还可以简化PEMFCs的水热管理系统,提高PEMFCs的综合能量转化效率. 实现高温PEMFCs的核心是开发能够适用于高温PEMFCs的高温质子交换膜(HT-PEM),是PEMFCs的研究热点. 在众多HT-PEM候选材料中,基于膦酸基的质子交换膜材料是最具前途的候选材料之一,是制备HT-PEM的主要研究方向. 本文综述了基于膦酸基的HT-PEM的研究进展,讨论了膦酸基参与的质子传导机理,比较了纯聚合物膦酸膜、膦酸基接枝改性膜、酸-碱两性膜、掺杂型复合膜的电导率、物理化学稳定性、机械性能等. 最后,展望了基于膦酸基的HT-PEM的发展趋势. 相似文献
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采用sol-gel法成功制备了一系列有望用于高温质子交换膜燃料电池的新型磺化聚醚砜(SPES)/磷酸硼(BPO4)复合膜, 并经热重分析(TGA)-傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)联用技术、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对膜的结构和性能进行了表征. 结果表明, 复合膜较纯SPES膜具有更高的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度, 较低的溶胀性及较高的氧化稳定性; SEM图片显示BPO4在聚合物基体中的分布十分均匀, 这将有利于连续质子传输通道的形成; 复合膜的质子传导率随BPO4含量的增加而增加, 当温度超过120 ℃后, 复合膜仍保持着较高的质子传导率, 这表明该复合膜在高温质子交换膜燃料电池中具有良好的应用前景. 相似文献
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A series of novel organic-inorganic hybrid proton-conducting electrolyte membranes with silane-crosslinked sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone)(SC-SPAEK) networks was prepared via a simple procedure that includes solution casting and acid treatment. The organosilicon pendants of the silane-grafted SPAEK, which were expected to serve as coupling and crosslinking agents, were found to play a key role in the homogenous dispersion of inorganic particles and improved the performance of hybrid membranes. The hybrid membranes exhibited enhanced proton conductivity, and SC-SPAEK/TiO2-4 showed an extremely high proton conductivity of 0.1472 S/cm at 100℃. The crosslinked hybrid membranes also demonstrated good chemical resistance, oxidative stability, and mechanical properties. The crosslinked hybrid membranes with excellent comprehensive performance may be a promising material for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. 相似文献
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磺化聚醚醚酮与壳聚糖共混制备直接甲醇燃料电池用质子交换膜 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
给出了不同磺化度下的磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)用作质子交换膜的一系列性能,另外提出了一种新型的酸碱共混质子交换膜,其中,磺化聚醚醚酮和壳聚糖分别被选为酸性、碱性高分子电解质,并对所制备的质子交换膜的相关性能如质子传导性,甲醇渗透性,吸水率以及膜溶胀性、热稳定性等进行了表征,结果表明此种新型复合膜尽管在质子传导性能方面有所下降,阻醇性能改变不大,但是膜溶胀性和吸水率方面有了较大的改善.磺化度为71.4%的SPEEK与壳聚糖以5∶1摩尔比共混制备的质子交换膜,其性质可以与商品化的Nafion 117相媲美,有望在甲醇燃料电池中得到应用. 相似文献
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The current importance of energy production from renewable sources stimulated interest in energy storage systems. Recent research has focused on developing vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) for large scale energy storage owing to their cost-effectiveness, flexible design, energy efficiency and long cycle life. Nafion the preferred membrane in VRFB systems has an overall cost of more than 11% in these systems. However, due to its drawbacks of high permeability and high cost limit its suitability for commercial use. Many researchers are therefore keen to develop new chemical designs for synthetic membranes, such as perfluorinated, partially fluorinated, hydrocarbon based and organic-inorganic composite membrane. The sol-gel process, which is mainly based on hydrolysis and condensation reaction offers the possibility of homogeneous preparation of membranes, leading to high proton conductivity and reduced vanadium ion permeability, thereby greatly increasing the cell efficiency. This review summarizes recent development in the synthesis and applications of sol-gel based proton exchange membranes for VRFB system, on which many researchers have been working in recent years. We also discuss critical research areas and the future development of cost-effective sol-gel based membranes for attractive energy storage systems. 相似文献
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In order to decrease the swelling of Nafion® and reduce the dependency of proton conductivity on high relative humidity (RH), mesoporous hollow silica spheres were synthesized and dispersed in Nafion matrix as micro-water-tanks in the proton exchange membranes (PEM). The morphologies of MHSi and Nafion/MHSi composite membranes are characterized by SEM and TEM. The effects of MHSi on water uptake, swelling, dehydration rate and proton conductivity of the composite membranes were investigated. The results show that, with a suitable portion of MHSi in the membrane, composite PEMs with enhanced water uptake, reduced swelling and improved proton conductivity are obtained. 相似文献
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以高磺化度的磺化聚芳醚酮砜(SPAEKS)和吡咯(Py)为原料,通过原位聚合的方法制备了含有不同吡咯含量的SPAEKS/PPy复合膜.红外谱图表明SPAEKS聚合物中的磺酸基团与聚吡咯(PPy)中的亚氨基基团之间形成了强烈的相互作用.扫描电镜照片显示PPy能够均匀地分散在SPAEKS聚合物基体中,没有发生团聚现象.通过对复合膜的性能测试发现PPy的引入提高了复合膜的热稳定性,降低了复合膜的吸水率,改善了其水溶胀性.同时膜中水的脱附系数下降,提高了膜的保水能力.SPAEKS/PPy-3复合膜的甲醇渗透系数达到了1.18×10-7cm2/s,明显低于纯SPAEKS膜的8.52×10-7cm2/s,而其质子传导率虽有所降低,但在25℃和80℃仍然分别达到了0.039S/cm和0.061S/cm,能够满足质子交换膜对质子传导率的要求.研究结果表明,聚吡咯与SPAEKS中磺酸基的摩尔比为0.99的复合膜有望在直接甲醇燃料电池中得到应用. 相似文献
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A new class of proton exchange composite membranes made by incorporating phosphosilicate gels into SPPO matrix was prepared and characterized. The thermal stability was evaluated by TGA and DSC, and the amorphous structure information was provided from XRD. The experimental results showed that the composite membranes have good stability to oxidation by Fenton's reagent test, and the membrane dimension is hardly changed, even at high temperature. The hydration number values of the persulfonic acid group of composite membranes were lower than that of Nafion 112 at room temperature, but the water uptake of composite membranes at 80°C was higher than that of Nafion 112. With increasing relative humidity and doping amount, the conductivity of the composite membranes increased. Moreover, the conductivities of water-equilibrated composite membranes were higher than that of Nafion 112 (0.0871 S/cm) at room temperature, and the highest conductivity for the composite membrane was 0.216 S/cm. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献